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PROGRESSIVE  EXERCISES  IN 


LATIN  ELEGIAC  VERSE 


BY  THE  SAME  AUTHOR. 


- *o« - 

ARNOLD’S  HENRY’S  FIRST  LATIN  BOOK. 

New  and  Revised  Edition.  i2mo.  3 s. 

Key,  Supplied  to  Teachers  only,  price  5s.  -z\d.  net. 

VIRGIL,  GEORGICS.  Book  IV.  Small  8vo.  is.  6 d. 
A  LATIN-ENGLISH  DICTIONARY.  For  Junior 

and  Middle  Forms  of  Schools.  By  C.  G.  Gepp,  M.A.  late 
Assistant  Master  at  Bradfield  College,  and  A.  E.  Haigh, 
M.A.  late  Fellow  of  Hertford  College,  Oxford.  Crown 
8  vo.  3 s.  6 d. 


LONGMANS,  GREEN,  &  CO.  39  Paternoster  Row 

London,  New  York,  Bombay,  and  Calcutta. 


PROGRESSIVE  EXERCISES  IN 


LATIN  ELEGIAC  VERSE 


BY 

C.  GRANVILLE  GEPP,  M. A. 

FORMERLY  ASSISTANT  MASTER  AT  BRADFIELD  COLLEGE 
AND  LATE  HEAD  MASTER  OF  KING  EDWARD  VI,  SCHOOL,  STRATFORD-UPON-AVON 


• THIRTEENTH  IMPRESSION 


■0*TON  COLLEGE  LTRKART 

CHESTNUT  ri  1  T  I  Y  rss’C 

LONGMANS,  GREEN,  AND  CO. 

39  PATERNOSTER  ROW,  LONDON 
NEW  YORK,  BOMBAY,  AND  CALCUTTA 

1907 


143391 


VIRO  •  REVERENDO 
B,  H.  KENNEDY,  S.  T.  P. 

HVNC  •  LIBRVM 
PIETATIS  •  CAVSA 

D  .  D  .  D, 

EX  •  ALVMNIS  •  QVONDAM  •  SALOPIENSIBVS 


CAROLVS  G.  GEPP 


CONTENTS 


Preface  . 

<r 

a  9 

, 

PAGE 

ix 

Cautions . 

0 

9  9 

* 

xi 

Poetic  Ornaments  and  Licences  . 

9 

3  9 

i 

XV 

Aids  to  Versification 

1 

o>  9 

0 

xvii 

Notes  on  Prosody  .... 

• 

»  9 

e 

xxii 

Part  I. — Exercises  I.  to  CXL.  . 

1  9 

0 

I 

Part  II. — Exercises  I.  to  LXII. 

0 

»  4 

9 

94 

Appendix. — Table  I.  Names  of  Women 

• 

•  9 

9 

130 

Table  II.  Names  of  Birds 

• 

•  9 

a 

132 

Table  III.  Names  of  Flowers, 

Plants,  Trees, 

and  Shrubs 

• 

•  • 

• 

134 

Table  IV.  Technical  Terms  used  in  Versification  137 


f 


PREFACE  TO  THE  SEVENTH  EDITION 


The  present  Edition  has  undergone  a  careful  revision, 
and  has  been  augmented  by  thirty-one  Supple¬ 
mentary  Exercises.  Many  desirable  alterations  have 
been  introduced,  especially  in  the  substitution  of 
classical  for  unclassical  words,  constructions,  &c. 
Useful  additions  have  also  been  made  in  the  Intro¬ 
duction  (pp.  vii — xxii),  and  in  the  Appendix, 
especially  in  Table  III. 

The  method  of  giving  an  English  paraphrase,  side 
by  side  with  the  original  passage  for  translation,  has 
been  retained,  not  as  being  perfect,  but  as  being 
preferable  to  the  growing  practice  of  appending  a 
Vocabulary  to  books  for  boys,  a  practice  which 
is  open  to  many  grave  objections.  If  a  pupil  reads 
the  paraphrase  merely,  without  comparing  it  with 
the  original  English,  it  is  not  the  fault  of  the  pupil 
only.  In  any  case,  the  objection  applies  with  far 
greater  force  to  the  method  of  giving  the  Latin 
version  of  half  lines,  whole  lines,  or  couplets,  which 
“  the  average  boy  ”  will  most  assuredly  copy  down 
at  once,  without  even  taking  the  trouble  to  construe 
them.  It  has  not  been  found,  as  a  matter  of 
experience,  that  Latin  words  and  phrases  enclosed 


X 


PREFACE . 


in  brackets  have  proved  detrimental  to  poetic  taste, 
or  to  facility  in  Yerse  Composition.  A  boy  has  to 
recast  a  passage  of  English.  The  paraphrase  shows 
him  how  to  do  it.  He  needs  much  help ;  for,  as  a 
rule,  his  copia  verborum  is  scanty,  and  Latin  Repeti¬ 
tions  nowadays  are  less  frequent  than  they  were.  It 
can  make  very  little  material  difference  whether  the 
help  is  given  viva  voce ,  or  on  the  black  board,  or  in 
the  book  before  him,  except  that  the  last  method  is 
the  simplest  and  involves  the  least  loss  of  time. 

c.  g.  g. 


June ,  1887. 


CAUTIONS. 


A.  1.  In  the  Hexameter  avoid : 

a.  Frequent  Elisions, 

b.  Defective  Caesura, 

c.  Spondee  in  fifth  place :  and  let  first  foot 
be  a  Dactyl  in  preference  to  a  Spondee. 

2.  The  last  word  should  be  either  a  trisyllable,  or  a 

dissyllable.  Avoid  such  endings  as — 

—  majoribus  est  elementis 

—  pulcerrima  Laodamia 

—  non  magna  est  copia  apud  me 

—  memorabile  quod  sit 

—  animos  ad  religionem 

—  nos  quoque  fulgeremus 

—  caros  ad  amicos 

—  saltus  virides  per. 

3.  The  line  should  not  end  with  two  dissyllables ,  as, — 

“  0  bona  mater  ” — “  magnam  tibi  causam.” 

B.  1.  ( a )  The  Pentameter  must  have  its  Penthemimers 

kept  accurately  distinct;  i.e.  the  break  in  the 
line  should  be  caused  by  the  last  syllable  in  a 
word,  and  not  by  Elision  (1). 

( b )  The  first  Penthemimer  should  not  conclude  with 
a  monosyllable  (2) ,  unless  preceded  by  a  Ion  ^mono¬ 
syllable  (3),  or  a  word  of  two  short  syllables  (4) . 


Examples. 


(!){ 


j  Hei  miser o  eripuis^i  ||  omnia  nostra  bona 
Quanta  in  amore  tuo  ex  ||  parte  reperta  mea  est. 

/  Quod  licet  inter  vos  nomen  habete  meum 

(2)  <  Justaque  quamvis  est  sit  minor  ira  dei 
v  0  di  reddite  mi  hoc  pro  pietate  mea. 

Such  lines  are  quite  inadmissible.  But  lines  like  the  following 
are  not  uncommon^ — 

(3)  Tu  dominus,  tu  vir,  tu  mihi  frater  eras. 

(4)  Prseterito  magis  est  iste  pudendus  amor. 


CAUTIONS 


•  m 

Xll 


N.B.  An  exception  may  be  made  when  the 
monosyllable  is  “est,”  and  the  word  before  it 
is  elided  : — e.  g.  “  Una  celebrata  est  per  duo  liba 
dies.” 

2.  Use  Elisions  very  sparingly  in  the  first  half,  and 

particularly  avoid  them  in  the  second  half  of  the 
line ;  unless  a  vowel  is  elided  before  “  est.” 
E.  g.  “  tuta  futura  via  est.” 

N.B.  In  this  way  only  may  a  single  mono¬ 
syllable  stand  at  the  end  of  a  Pentameter.  Such 
lines  as : — 

“  Hsec  illi  fatuo  maxima  Icetitia  est 
“  Praemia  si  studio  consequor  ista  sat  est 
“  Omnis  an  in  magnos  culpa  deos  scelus  est  ” 

are  not  to  be  imitated. 

3.  The  first  foot  should  be  a  Dactyl  by  preference. 

If  otherwise,  the  line  should  begin  with  a  word 
of  three  long  syllables ,  or  its  equivalent. 

4.  The  last  word  in  a  Pentameter  should  be  a  word  of 

two  syllables l,  and  either  a  verb,  a  noun  sub¬ 
stantive,  or  a  possessive  or  personal  pronoun. 
The  line  should  not  end  with  a  participle,  an 
adverb,  or  an  adjective. 

N.B.  Exceptions  to  this  rule  are  participles 
which  are  used  like  substantives,  e.  g.  amans, 
“  a  lover  the  adjectives  “  novus  ”  and  “  pius 
with  certain  adverbs  in  an  antithetical  sentence : 
e.  g. 

“  Ultima  Tarquinius  Roman®  gentis  habebat 
Regna,  vir  injustus,  fortis  ad  arma  tamen.” 

Ov.  Fast.  ii.  687. 


1  For  the  sake  of  variety  a  quadrisyllable,  as  “  postSntas,”  may 
occasionally  end  the  line,  or  a  word  like  “  SmlcitT®,”  of  five  syllables; 
but  words  like  “  perlegere,”  “  adiilteria,”  or  one  of  three  syllables, 
like  “pedibus,”  “  recitent,”  never. 


CAUT/OJVS 


•  •  • 
xm 


5.  The  quantity  of  the  last  word  should  be  w 
The  line  should  never  end  with  a  short. — E.  g. 

“  Si  qua  relicta  jacent  osculor  arma  tua 2.” 

A  few  ablatives — e.  g.  Jove,  pede,  vice,  bove, — may 
end  the  line  ;  and  a  syllable  which  is  common,  as 
mihi",  tibi",  or  which  may  be  long  by  position,  as 
petit,  is  considered  long  at  the  end  of  a  line. 

Avoid  a  monosyllable  before  the  last  word: 
e.  g.  “  Gramineos  pastor  dulce  canit  per  agros.” 

C.  The  sense  should  close  with  the  end  of  the  couplet ,  and 

generally  there  should  be  a  pause  at  the  end  of  the 
Hexameter.  If,  however,  the  sense  is  carried  on 
into  the  Pentameter,  the  first  word  should  always 
be  a  Dactyl,  or  a  Trochee  (__  w);  and  a  semicolon 
should  be  the  strongest  pause  allowed  after  it. 

D.  Never  elide  a  monosyllable. 

E.  1st.  Never  put  in  Gradus  Epithets  merely  to  fill  up  the 

line ;  but  take  care  that  they  are  either  expressed, 
or  implied  in  the  sense  of  the  passage  before  you. 
2ndly.  Never  leave  an  Epithet  out. 

3rdly.  Never  apply  two  Epithets  to  the  same  word. 

F.  Be  very  careful  about  the  order  of  your  words,  espe¬ 

cially  in  the  case  of  words  connected  by  conjunc¬ 
tions,  words  in  apposition,  adverbs,  and  the  words 
they  qualify.  E.  g.  take  the  lines 

“  Nulla  superba  viri  facta,  nec  arma,  cano. 

“  Nunc  volucrem  laqueo,  nunc  piscem  ducitis  hamo. 

“  Ducentur  capti  juvenes  captseque  puellse.” 

The  lines  would  scan ,  if  you  were  to  write  ; 

“  Nulla  nec  arma  viri  facta  superba  cano. 

“Nunc  volucrem  piscem  laqueo  nunc  ducitis  hamo. 

“  Ducentur  capti  captse  juvenesque  puellae.” 

but  you  would  write  utter  nonsense. 

2  There  are  a  few  instances  in  Ovid,  but  they  are  too  rare  to  justify 
the  violation  of  the  rule.  See  Fasti  iv.  624;  v.  620  ;  vi.  422. 


xiv 


CAUT/OJVS 


G.  Never  use  “is,”  “ea,”  “id,”  except  in  the  formulae,  “  Yix 

ea  fatus  erat.” — “  Quidquid  id  est.”  It  is  very 
rarely  used  otherwise :  though  there  is  an 
instance  in  Ovid,  Fasti  v.  484. 

H.  Remember  that  a  vowel  cannot  be  short  before  SC, 

SM,  SP,  SQ,  ST,  X,  or  Z.  On  the  other  hand, 
you  must  not  lengthen  a  short  vowel  before  them. 
The  position  is  to  be  avoided. 

N.B.  Smaragdus  (smaragdineus,  adj.),  Zacyn- 
thus,  Xanthus,  and  Scamander,  are  exceptions  to 
this  rule. 

I.  Avoid  the  jingling  recurrence  of  the  same  syllable : 

e.  g.  “mater  amata” — “ore  priore  ” — “  humilis 
tantis  sim  conditor  actis  ” — “  0  fortunatam  natam 
me  consule  Romam !  ” — “  O  revo ca  fratrem,  revo cat 
mrissima  mater.” 

J.  Depend  upon  your  own  ingenuity  and  memory  ;  and 

use  j^our  Gradus  and  English-Latin  Dictionary 
as  little  as  possible. 

IC.  In  the  course  of  your  reading  you  will  come  across 
exceptions  to  the  rules  laid  down  here  and  else¬ 
where  in  this  book.  When  you  have  written  as 
much,  and  as  well ,  as  Ovid,  Propertius,  and 
Tibullus,  you  may  take  the  same  liberties;  but  not 
till  then.  Use  no  words  for  which  you  have 
only  the  authority  of  Lucretius,  Catullus,  or 
writers  of  the  Silver  Age.  Your  “  Gradus  ”  may 
often  mislead  you. 


POETIC  ORNAMENTS  AND  LICENCES. 


a.  The  use  of  the  singular  for  the  plural,  and  the  converse, 
is  often  productive  of  great  elegance.  E.  g. 

Cum  jiore ,  Maecenas,  rosarum. 

In  ramis  multa  latebat  avis. 

Supplex  tua  numina  posco. 

So  “  nos,”  “  noster,”  for  “  ego,”  “  meus.”  1  Observe  too 
the  peculiar  construction  of  the  following  line : — 

Et  flesti,  et  nostros  vidisti  Jtentis  ocellos. 
p.  The  perf.  Ind.  is  often  used  like  the  Greek  frequenta¬ 
tive  aorist.  E.  g.  Illius  immensae  ruperunt  horrea 
messes,  “  are  wont  to  hurst.”  Virgil,  G.  i.  49. 
y.  The  perf.  Inf.  is  elegantly  used  for  the  present.  E.  g. 
Si  pectore  possit  excussisse  deum. — Commisisse  cave 
quae  mox  mutare  labores. 

8.  The  future  perfect  may  often  he  used  for  the  future. 
e.  A.  future  ind.  active  may  be  expressed  by  periphrases 
like  the  following — 

E.  g.  Quando  erit  ut  condas  urbem  ? 

=  quando  condere  poteris  ? 

Quumque  erit  ut  patrice  natalia  rura  revisam. 
=  quum  patriam  revisero. 

£  I.  The  latter  half  of  a  Pentameter  is  often  used  to 
begin  the  succeeding  Hexameter.  E.  g. 

“  Tu  mea  compones  et  dices,  ossa,  Properti 
Haec  tua  sunt,  eheu !  tu  mihi  certus  eras : 
Certus  eras,  eheu  l” 

1  But  “  vos,”  “  vester,”  must  not  be  used  for  “  tu,”  “  tuus.” 


xvi 


POETIC  ORNAMENTS  AND  LICENCES 


2.  Such  repetitions  as  the  following  are  pretty,  and 
may  be  imitated  : — 

Tu  pennas  gemma ,  gemma  variante  capillos. 

Sed  fugit  interea,  fugit  irreparabile  Tempus. 

Uxor  amans  flentem  jlens  aerius  ipsa  tenebat. 

Audiit  sequorei  piscator  murmur  a  monstrh 

Murmura  disjectam  vaticinata  ratem. 

t.  The  present  Infinitive  (Historical  Inf.)  is  often  used 
for  the  Finite  Verb. 

k.  The  Historic  present  is  often  used  for  the  Aorist. 

X.  The  Enclitics  que,  ne ,  re  are  often  annexed  to  some 
word  to  which  they  do  not  strictly  belong : — 

(a)  When  the  word  to  which  they  are  annexed  is 

common  to  both  members  of  the  sentence : — 

e.  g. 

Messalam  terra  dum  sequiturque  mari. 

Ne  capiti  Soles  ne  noceantque  nives. 

Pacis  eras  me  diusque  belli. 

Cf.  Tibull.  i.  1.  51. 

(b)  When  the  word  to  which  they  are  annexed  is 

quadrisyllabic  : — e.g. 

Mensibus  antiquis  prceposuitque  duos. 

Ferratam  Banaes  transiliamque  domum. 

He  facili  composuitque  luto. 

Add  Tibull.  i.  6.  54 ;  3.  38 ;  ii.  5.  72.  Ov.  Ir. 
iv.  1.  39  ;  v.  10.  40,  and  passim.1 

N.B.  Be  careful  not  to  join  the  enclitic  to  the 
former  of  the  words  which  it  connects  or  separates* 
E.g.  “vaccam  venditque  juvencam”  might  stand 
by  (a)  above ;  but  “  vendit  vaccamque  juvencam,” 
or  “  vaccamque  vendit  juvencam,”  would  be  absur  1 


AIDS  TO  VERSIFICATION. 


The  following  will  be  found  useful,  and  may  be  com¬ 
mitted  to  memory  with  advantage. 

I.  a.  “  Dare  ”  with  acc.  of  substantive  =  verb ;  e.  g. 
dare  ruinam  =  ruere,  dare  ruborem  =  rubere, 
&c.  &c. 

It  is  also  occasionally  used  with  adjectives; 
E.  g.  Hsec  ego  vasta  dabo  —  vastabo. 

b.  “  Factus”  with  adj.  =  past  part,  or  simple  adj. 

E.g. 

Lassaque  facta  mari  lassaque  facta  via  =  lassata. 

c.  Prohibitions  may  be  expressed  by — noli,  parce, 

mitte,  fuge,  desine — with  verb  in  inf.  or  by 
“cave,”  with  verb  in  subj. 

d.  A  command,  or  request,  may  be  expressed  by  “fac,” 

“facito,”  with  2nd  pers.  subj.  See  also  vii.  5, 
note,  on  “  Quin .” 

e.  A  comparative  may  occasionally  be  expressed  by  the 

positive  with  “plus  solito,”  “prseter  solitum,” 
“  plus  justo.”  1 

f.  A  superlative  may  be  expressed  by  a  periphrasis 

with  the  comparative.  Instead  of  saying,  “  the 
handsomest  youth,”  you  may  say  more  ele¬ 
gantly,  “  a  youth,  than  whom  none  other  is 
handsomer,”  juvenis,  quo  non  formosior  alter. 

g.  “  Former”  may  be  translated  by  “qui  fuit  ante.” — 

Compare  “lacrimas  quas  dabat  ilia,”  her  tears; 
“  quos  colit  ille  lares,”  his  house,  &c.  &o. 

1  Obs.  “  auantum  non  ”  =  “  magis  quam.”  Hor.  Epod.  xvii.  31. 

a 


xvm 


AIDS  TO  VERSIFICATION 


h.  “All”  maybe  elegantly  translated  by  “quidquid/' 

with  gen.  of  noun  or  neuter  adj.  A  few  in¬ 
stances  will  suffice.  E.g.  “  He  carried  off  all 
the  silver  there  was  in  the  city.”  Lat.  Abstulit 
argenti  quidquid  in  urbe  fuit. — “All  a  woman’s 
beauty.”  Lat.  “  Quidquid  habet  pulcri  mulier.” 
“All  the  Lydians  who  inhabited  the  Etruscan 
territory.”  Lat.  “Lydorum  quidquid  Etruscos 
incoluit  fines.”  Compare  the  use  of  “  quot.” 
e.  g.  “  Every  day,”  quotquot  eunt  dies :  “  all  the 
islanders,”  quot  colunt  insulam.  (Cf.  Tibull. 
i.  1.  51.  Catull.  iii.  2.) 

i.  English  Compound  Adjectives  may  often  be 

expressed  by  the  Latin  gen.  or  abl.  of  quality , 
with  epithet.  E.  g.  ‘bare-headed,’  “nudo 
capite  :  ”  ‘  blue-eyed,’  “  cseruleis  oculis  :  ”  ‘  an 
honest-faced  lad,’  “  ingenui  vultus  puer.” 

II.  1.  Notice : — non  sine  =  cum  (prep.)  :  non  ullus  = 
nullus  :  non  nullus  =:  aliquis  :  nullus  non  = 
omnis :  non  unus  =  plurimus :  non  alius  = 
idem.  Similarly :  — non  levis  =  gravissimus : 
non  humilis  =  superbus,  &c.  Also  — non  nisi 
=  tantum  :  non  unquam  =  nunquam :  non 
nunquam  =  ssepe :  non  bene  =  male,  or  vix  : 
non  male  =  bene  :  nil  non  =  omnia.  So  : — 
non  memini  =  obliviscor:  non  sino,  non  patior 
=  veto. 

2.  Observe  also  the  intensive  force  of  “  bene,”  e.  g. 
bene  fidus  =  fidissimus  :  and  the  negative 
force  of  “  male,”  “  parum,”  “  minus.”  E.  g. 

Male  fidus,  “  faithless.” 

Parum  castus,  “  polluted.” 

Minus  audiens,  “  inattentive  to.” 

Note  also“male,”in  the  sense  of,  “to  one’s  cost.” 

III.  Notice  the  following  pleonasms: — Et  vel  adliuc: 


AIDS  TO  VERSIFICATION 


xix 


— pariter — pariter  : — nimium  nimiumque  : — 
iterumque  iterumque :  inde  vel  inde  : — nisi  si 
=  nisi :  tunc  quum  =  quum  : — si  licet,  et  fas 
est : — fertque  refertque  : — statve  caditve  : — 
itque  reditque  :  terque  quaterque,  &c.  &c. 

IY.  Look  out  in  your  Dictionary,  and  note  the  usages 
of  (a)  Matutinus,  vespertinus,  nocturnus,  serus. 

(b)  Dedoleo,  dedisco,  desuesco,  defloreo,  depudet. 

(c)  Muto,  fallo,  amo,  audio,  moror. 

V.  The  Ethic  Datives — mihi,  tibi,  nobis,  vobis — are 
often  elegantly  redundant.  Sic  tibi  planitiem 
curvae  sinus  ambit  arense.  “  So,  look  you,”  &c. 

Quid  mihi  Celsus  agit  ?  “  What  is  my  Celsus 

doing  ?”  Ubi  nunc  nobis  Deus  ille  magister? 

Occasionally  they  are  almost  equivalent  to  the 
possessive  pronoun ;  e.  g.  “  tibi  ripa  viret,” 
thy  bank  is  green  ;  just  as  “  cui  ripa  ”  would 
be  used  for  the  “  cujus  ripa”  of  prose. 1 

YI.  Two  uses  of  the  vocative  require  special  notice. 

a.  The  possessive  genitive  may  be  turned  into 
the  vocative  with  the  addition  of  “tuus”  or 
“  vester.”  E.  g. 

Eng.  The  Tiber’s  banks. 

Lat.  Thy  banks,  0  Tiber. 

b.  The  3rd  person  may  be  changed  into  the  2nd 

by  addressing  the  subject  in  the  vocative.  E.  g. 

The  dove  once  wounded  by  the  hawk’s 
talons  is  frightened,  &c. 

Terretur  minimo  pennse  stridore  columba 
Unguibus,  accipiter,  saucia  facta  tuis. 
The  chief  use  of  these  constructions  is  in 
enumerations  or  descriptions,  to  avoid  mono¬ 
tony. 

1  Note  the  Dative  of  the  Agent  after  a  Passive  verb  or  participle, 
or  a  gerundive,  or  adjective  in  - bilis .  See  Virg.  dSn.  i.  440 ;  Ov. 
Trist.  v.  10.  37. 


XX 


AIDS  TO  VERSIFICATION 


VII.  The  use  of  certain  conjunctions  is  productive  of 
great  elegance.  Such  are — At,  ergo,  nempe, 
scilicet,  sic,  siccine,  quippe,  &c. 

A  few  examples  are  subjoined:  — 

1.  At.  “  But  it  will  be  said,”  introducing  an  allegation, 

or  objection,  started  by  another. 

At  bene  nupta  feror,  quia  nominer  Herculis  uxor. 

It  is  also  expressive  of  sudden  emotion  ;  e.  g. 
At,  0  Deorum  quidquid  in  coelo  regit. 

Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  ii.  535. 

2.  Ergo.  “  Can  it  be  that !  ”  “  So  then  !  ”  (like  apa.) 

Ergo  Quintilium  perpetuus  sopor  urget  ? 

Ergo  sollicitse  tu  causa,  Pecunia,  vitse  es? 

Cf.  Crabbe,  Parish  Register,  Part  iii. 

“  Go,  of  my  sexton  seek  whose  days  are  sped  ? 

What !  he  himself!  and  is  old  Dibble  dead?” 
And  M.  G.  Lewis,  Sir  Agilthorn, 

“  And  must  sad  Eva  lose  her  lord  ? 

And  must  he  seek  the  martial  plain  ?  ” 

3.  Licet  (sometimes  “  licebit  ”)  with  subj.  “  al¬ 

though.” 

4.  Nempe,  in  answer  to  questions ;  as  we  say,  “  Why,” 

— “  the  fact  is.” 

5.  Quin 1  ?  “  Why  not  ?  ”  with  a  verb  in  ind.  pres. 

=  Imperative.  E.  g. 

Eia  age,  quin  fugimus  ?  mecum  pete  sola 
locorum.  “  Fly  to  the  desert,  fly  with  me.” 

0.  Quo  ?  “  To  what  end  ?  ”  (this  word  should  be  looked 
out  specially,  and  the  variety  and  peculiarity  of 
its  constructions  noted.)  Cf.  use  of  “  unde.” 

7.  Scilicet.  “  I  ween;”  often  ironical,  “forsooth.” 

1  Commands,  prohibitions,  and  petitions  may  be  interrogatively 
expressed;  e.  g.  “Quin  taces?”  Hush  !  “Cui  (das)  verba?”  None 
of  your  falsehoods  !  “  Quo  fugis  ?”  Stay !  —  (Compare  I.  d.) 


AIDS  TO  VERSIFICATION 


xxi 


Ante  pedes  csecis  lucebat  semita  nobis : 

Scilicet  insano  nemo  in  amore  videt. 

And  ironically , 

Scilicet  is  Superis  labor  est,  ea  cura  quietos 
Sollicitat. 

8.  Sic  (a)  in  prayers ;  (b)  in  protestations. 

9.  Siccine?  (implying  a  reproach.)  “  Is  it  thus  that  ?” 

Siccine  me  patriis  avectam  perfide,  ab  oris, 

Perfide,  deserto  liquisti  in  litore,  Theseu  ? 

PO  f  Quid  quod?  (with  Ind.)“  Furthermore,”  “Again.” 

*  C  Adde  quod . 

VIII.  (a)  Be  prepared  to  avail  yourself  of  contracted 
forms  of  words,  as  well  as  of  long  syllables 
resolved  into  two  short  ones.  E.  g.  Vinclum, 
sseclum,  nauta ;  lenibat,  mollibat ;  noram,  nos- 
sem  ;  silua,  dissoliiisse,  persoluenda,  &c. 

(b)  Also  of  the  occasional  shortening  of  the 
penult  of  the  3rd  pers.  pi.  perf.  ind.  E.  g. 
Steterunt,  palluerunt,  exciderunt. 

(c)  Also  of  the  ending  -ere  instead  of  -erunt,  and 
of  -re  instead  of  -ris  in  the  passive.  Also  of 
the  use  of  Greek  forms  of  words,  especially  in 
proper  names. 

(d)  Also  of  the  licence  allowed  in  the  use  and 
combination  of  numerals,  and  in  the  use  of 
sive — ve,  seu — aut,  sive — sive,  and  even  first 
sive  omitted.  So  et — et,  que — et,  que — que, 
&c.  &c. 

IX.  In  translating  it  will  be  necessary  sometimes  to 
condense,  sometimes  to  expand,  sometimes 
to  break  up,  the  English.  In  every  case  your 
aim  should  be  to  give  the  force  and  sense  of 
the  passage  idiomatically ,  i.  e.  as  a  Latin  poet 
would  have  expressed  it.  Servile  adherence 


xxu 


NO  TES  ON  PRO  SOD  Y 


to  literalness  will  result  in  a  production  that  is 
not  only  neither  poetry  nor  prose,  but  probably 
not  even  Latin. 

X.  Observe  phrases  and  idioms  in  the  course  of  your 
reading,  and  collect  them  in  a  book.  Study 
good  translations,  and  commit  them  to  memory. 
The  turning  of  a  difficult  expression  will  often 
be  suggested  by  something  you  have  seen 
before. 


NOTES  ON  PROSODY. 

I.  (a)  2-nd  Declension. — Ovid  and  Propertius  use  Genitive  Sing. 

-n  of  Nouns  with  Nom.  -ius,  -ium:  as ingenii,  exsilii. 
Virgil  and  Horace  use  the  contracted  forms,  as  ott, 
ingeni ,  peculi. 

(b)  5th  Declension. — In  Gen.  and  Dat.  Sing,  e  is  long  after 
a  vowel,  e.  g.  diet ;  but  doubtful  after  a  consonant. 
Thus  we  find  fidet  in  Lucretius  ;  but  fidei  in  writers 
of  the  Silver  Age  :  so  again  ret  in  Horace,  but  ret 
(sometimes  ret,  monosyll.)  in  Lucr. 

N.B.  It  will  be  best  to  imitate  Ovid,  Horace,  and 
Virgil,  in  using  the  contracted  forms  of  the  Gen.  and 
Dat.,  ns  fide,  die  ;  except  in  the  case  of  diei,  for  which 
we  have  Virgil’s  authority. 

II.  The  i  info  is  long,  except  in  those  tenses  where  r  is  pre¬ 
sent  :  e.g. 

Omnia  jam  fient,  fieri  quae  posse  negabam. 

III.  Genitives  in  -ius  have  penult  doubtful,  as  illius  or  illius. 

So  with  ipsius,  istius ,  nullius,  ullius,  unius.  It  is 
safest  to  regard  the  penult  of  alterius,  iitrius,  as  short ; 
and  of  solius,  totius,  as  long.  Alius  has  the  penult 
always  long. 

IV.  The  final  syllable  in  antea,  interea,  postea,  praeterea, 

propterea,  is  long.  Ovid,  Fasti,  i.  165,  is  no  exception. 


NOTES  ON  PROSODY 


xxm 


is 


Postea  there  may  be  scanned  postea,  by  Synceresis ;  o; 
it  may  be  resolved  into  post  ea. 

V.  (1)  The  prep,  proe  in  composition,  before  a  vowel , 
shortened ;  e.  g.  prceacutus ,  preeustus,  prceeunte. 

(2)  The  prep,  pro ,  in  composition,  is  mostly  long  before  a  con¬ 
sonant,  as  prodo,  procumbo,  proficio. 

Obs.  (a)  Propago  (verb)  and  propago  (-ginis),  with 
procuro  (procurator)  and  propino,  have  pro  doubtful. 

Obs.  (b)  The  best  authors  have  pro  short  in 


profugio 

profugus 

profundo  1 

profundus 

pronepos 

protervus. 


procella 
profano 
profanus 
profari 
profestus 
proficiscor 
profiteor 

N.B.  In  Greek  compounds  pro  (—  irpo)  is  short. 

VI.  De,  before  a  vowel,  and  re  2,  in  composition,  are  short : 
e.  g.  dehisco,  deosculor :  reduco,  refero,  remitto. 

Obs.  Pe  is  long  in  recido,  rejicio,  religio,  religiosus, 
reliquiae :  also  in  the  perfects  recidi ,  reperi,  repuli, 
retuli,  and  tenses  formed  from  them.  These  words  are 
more  correctly  spelt  reccidi,  repperi,  &c. 

N.B.  Pefert,  from  refero :  refert,  irnpers.  Also 
recido  (cado) :  but  recido  (csedo). 

VII.  Observe  omitto,  operio. 

VIII.  Observe  (1)  sto,  stare,  stabam,  stabo,  starem :  but 

dare,  ddbam,  dabo,  darem,  datus,  ddturus.  Da,  das 
alone  are  long. 

(2)  The  2nd  Pers.  Sing,  of  Fut.  Perf.  and  Perf.  Subj. 
is  doubtful.  We  have  oraveris  (Virg.),  dederis  (Ov.). 

The  quantity  of  the  penult  in  the  1st  and  2nd  Per¬ 
sons  Plur.  of  the  same  tenses  is  also  doubtful.  We  have, 
for  instance,  egerimus  (Virg.),  videritis  (Ov.) :  but 
fecerimus  (Catull.),  dederitis,  contigeritis  (Ov.). 

(3)  Hie  (adv.)  is  always  long :  Me  (pron.)  is  doubt¬ 
ful,  but  mostly  long.  Hoc  (abl.)  is  long  :  hoc  (nom. 
and  acc.)  is  long  in  the  best  writers. 


1  Catullus  has  profudit  once ;  but  the  balance  of  authority  is  in 
favour  of  profundo.  The  same  remark  applies  to  propello,  which 
has  first  syll.  long,  except  in  two  passages  of  Lucretius. 

2  Except,  of  course,  when  long  by  position,  as  rescindo,  rescribo. 


xxiv 


NOTES  ON  PROSODY 


(4)  Cor  is  best  regarded  as  short. 

[The  reading  of  Ov.  Heroid.  xv.  79  is  open  to  question.] 
IX.  The  following  compounds  of  facio  have  e  short :  cale- 
facio,  labefacio,  madefacio,  patefacio  3,  pavefacio,  rube- 
facio,  stupefacio,  tremefaeio,  tumefacio. 

In  putrefacio ,  e  is  short  in  Ovid.  In  liquefacio,  e 
is  generally  short,  but  is  found  long  in  Ovid  and  Catul¬ 
lus.  In  tepefacioy  e  is  short,  with  one  exception  in 
Catullus. 


3  Lucr.  has  patqfecit,  patefiet. 


PART  I. 


EXERCISE  I.  (Graves). 

Again  the  balmy  Zephyr  blows. 

Fresh  verdure  decks  the  grove ; 

Each  bird  with  vernal  rapture  glows, 

And  tunes  its  notes  to  love. 

Ye  gentle  warblers,  hither  fly, 

And  shun  the  noon-tide  heat; 

My  shrubs  a  cooling  shade  supply. 

My  groves  a  safe  retreat. 

Stanza  i.  1,2.  Lo,  again  the  Zephyr  breathes  pleasant  odours; 
and  the  wood  is-green,  gay  with  new  garb. — 3.  And  every 
(nullus  non,  Aids  it.  1)  bird  glows  with  vernal  rapture 
(dulcedo). — 4.  And  begins  (ineo)  the  tender  strain  of  first  love. 

Stanza  II.  1.  Hither,  pray  (mihi,  Aids  V.),  bring  your 
warbling  choirs,  0  gentle  throng  (imbellis  turba). — 2.  To 
where  (quo)  the  shade  keeps  off  the  ray  of  the  noon-day 
(medius)  sun. — 3,  4.  Here  [my]  shrubberies  supply  cool  shades 
(latebrae)  for  you ;  and  my  grove  gives  safe  (non  violandus, 
Aids  ii.  1)  retreats  (tectum).  See  Poet.  Orn.  a. 

EXERCISE  II.  {same  continued). 

Here  freely  hop  from  spray  to  spray, 

Or  weave  the  mossy  nest ; 

Here  rove  and  sing  the  livelong  day. 

At  night  here  sweetly  rest. 

B 


2 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


Amidst  this  cool  translucent  rill, 

That  trickles  down  the  glade. 

Here  bathe  your  plumes,  here  drink  your  fill. 

And  revel  in  the  shade. 

Stanza  i.  1.  Here  you  may  freely  (nullo  cohibente,  abl.  abs.) 
flit  through  the  shade. — 2.  Here  weave,  each  for  itself,  your 
mossy  nests  (lares).  Observe  the  use  of  “  quisque  ”  with  a 
plural  verb.— 3,  4.  Here  wandering  at  will  (quo  libet)  beguile 
the  day  with  song ;  here  pleasing  rest  is  to  be  sought  by  you  at 
night. 

Stanza  n.  1 — 4.  Where  the  rill  invites  you,  pellucid  with  cold 
(egelidus)  wave,  [the  rill]  Which  trickling  with  slender  stream 
(fons)  wanders-th rough  the  fields  :  Here  slake  your  thirst,  and, 
your  feathers  being  bathed  in  the  spray  (adspergo),  Go,  whither 
it  pleases  you  to  go,  through  the  shady  grove, — Or,  Go  through 
the  shady  grove,  a  joyous  band. 

Observe  in  Stanza  i.  “  lares  ”  poetically  used  of  a  bird’s  nest. 

EXERCISE  III.  (same  continued). 

Hither  the  vocal  thrush  repairs. 

Secure  the  linnet  sings ; 

The  gold-finch  dreads  no  slimy  snares 
To  clog  her  painted  wings. 

Sad  Philomel !  ah,  quit  thy  haunt 
Yon  distant  woods  among  : 

And  round  my  friendly  grotto  chaunt 
Thy  sweetly  plaintive  song. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  The  thrush  with  vocal  throat  (abl.  quality)  fre¬ 
quents  these  retreats,  here  the  linnet  in  safety  (tutus)  gives  forth 
careless  (securus)  strains. — 3,  4.  Nor  does  the  gold-finch  dread 
for  herself  slimy  snares,  lest  her  golden  wing  (Poet.  Orn.  a) 
should  feel 1  sudden  delays. 

Stanza  II.  1, 2.  Quit,  sad  Philomel,  thy  distant  retreats,  where 
the  remote  wood  conceals  thy  nest. — 3, 4.  Here  mayst  thou  weep, 
here  amid  friendly  bowers  (sedes)  [thou  mayst]  utter  plaintive 
strains  with  tuneful  (argutus)  voice. 

1  For  sentio,  ‘  feel  to  one’s  cost,’  ‘  feel  anything  painful,’ 
cf.  Hor.  C.  ii.  7.  10  ;  iii.  5.  36 ;  23.  5 ;  27.  22.  " 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


3 


EXERCISE  IV. 

No  fish  stir  in  our  heaving  net ; 

The  sky  is  dark  and  the  night  is  wet ; 

And  we  must  ply  the  lusty  oar, 

For  the  tide  is  ebbing  from  the  shore : 

And  sad  are  they  whose  faggots  burn,  5 

So  kindly  stored  for  our  return. 

Our  boat  is  small,  and  the  tempest  raves ; 

And  nought  is  heard  but  the  lashing  waves. 
And  the  sullen  roar  of  the  angry  sea, 

And  the  wild  winds  piping  drearily  :  10 

Yet  sea  and  tempest  rise  in  vain ; 

WeTl  bless  our  blazing  hearths  again. 

Push  bravely,  mates  ;  our  guiding  star 
Now  from  its  turret  streameth  far  : 

And  now  along  the  nearing  strand  15 

See  swiftly  move  yon  flaming  brand  : 

Before  the  midnight  hour  is  past, 

WeTl  quaff  our  bowl  and  mock  the  blast. 

1, 2.  The  fish  leap  not  amid  our  (nobis,  Aids  v.)  heaving  nets ; 
black  night  shrouds  the  sky  with  rainy  clouds. — 3,  4.  ’Tis  time 
now,  my  comrades,  to  bend  to  your  lusty  oars,  for  the  wave  is 
leaving  the  shore  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  with  ebbing  flood  (refluum 
salum). — 5,  6.  And  with  anxious  hand  a  crowd  kindly -thrifty 
(non  male  parcus  (Aids  11.),  or  officiosus),  for  their  husbands 
about  to  return  is  piling  (repono)  wood  upon  (super)  the  fire. 
Italicised  words  in  line  6. — 7, 8.  Small  indeed  is  our  boat ;  the 
awful  tempest  rages :  and  the  voice  falls  without-being-heard 
(irritus)  amid  the  lashing  (allisus)  waters. — 9,  10.  And  the 
threatening  roars  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  of  the  angry  sea  swell 
(glisco) ;  and  the  piping  (stridulus)  blasts  which  rave  with 
dreary  sound. — 11,  12.  But  in  vain  rages  [the  anger]  of  the 
sea,  in  vain  the  anger  of  the  storm  :  the  holy  flame  of  our 
hearth  will  welcome  (excipio)  us  on  our  return  (redux).  Poet. 
Orn.  £.  2. — 13,  14.  Push  on  (eja  agite),  my  comrades;  lo  I’  far 
and  wide,  like  (instar,  with  gen.)  a  star,  the  light  gleams  from 

B  2 


4 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


the  turret  top,  and  guides  our  way. — 15,  16.  And  now  as-we- 
approach  (part.),  o’er  the  shore  (pi.)  We  see  torches  move-back- 
wards-and-forwards  (ire  redire1)  hither  and  thither  (hue  illuc) 
with  rapid  course  (line  15). — 17,  18.  Ere  (prius — quam)  the 
late  hour  of  mid-night  shall  have  flown,  we  will  quaff*  full  cups 
in  mockery  of  the  winds  (spretis  Notis,  abl.  abs.). 

Observe  ‘ Notus  ’  used  for  any  wind. 


EXERCISE  V.  (Sir  W.  Scott). 

O  listen,  listen,  ladies  gay ; 

No  haughty  feat  of  arms  I  tell. 

Soft  is  the  note,  and  sad  the  lay 
That  mourns  the  fate  of  Rosabelle. 

Moor,  moor,  the  barge,  ye  gallant  crew : 

And,  gentle  lady,  deign  to  stay ; 

Rest  thee  in  Castle  Ravensheuch, 

Nor  tempt  the  stormy  firth  to-day. 

Stanza  i.  1.  Listen  (ore  faveo)  all  of  you,  0  ladies,  a  merry 
company  (genialis  turba).2  Note  that  “turba”  and  similar  words, 
are  often  used  with  an  epithet  in  apposition.  Thus,  for  “  pale 
ghosts,”  you  might  put  “umbrae,  pallida  turba,”  &c. — 2.  No 
haughty  feats  nor  arms  of  a  hero  do  I  sing. — 3,  4.  Only  (Aids  ij. 
non  nisi)  with  gently-sounding  lay  and  sad  plaint,  do  we  mourn 
thy  fate,  O  Laodamia  (Aids  vi.). 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  Hither  come  (agite),  moor  the  barge  (carina), 
my  brave  comrades  :  and  thou,  0  maiden,  stay  (siste  viarn) 
awhile,  I  pray. — 3,  4.  Repeat  the  “  siste  viam,”  (Poet.  Ora.  £) : 
And  mayst  thou  linger  co-day  ’neath  our  castle  (turris).  And 
(ne-ve)  trust  not  thy  sails  to  the  stormy  firth. 

Observe  that  Laodamia  is  used  as  a  long  name,  and  therefore 
somewhat  parallel  to  Rosabelle.  The  list  at  the  end  will  furnish 
you  with  names  of  suitable  quantities :  but  a  certain  amount  of 
taste  must  be  exercised  in  the  selection.  Observe  also,  “carina,” 
“turris,”  the  part  put  for  the  whole ;  as  “rota”  often  =  “enrrus,” 
&c.,  &c.  Observe  also  how  the  difficulty  of  “  Ravensheuch  ”  is 
surmounted. 


i  Ovid,  Fasti,  i.  126. 


2  Cf.  Ovid,  Her.  xii.  10,  30. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


5 


EXERCISE  VI.  ( same  continued ). 

The  blackening  wave  is  edged  with  white ; 

To  inch  and  rock  the  sea-mews  fly: 

The  fishers  have  heard  the  water-sprite, 

Whose  screams  forebode  that  death  is  nigh. 

Last  night  the  gifted  Seer  did  view 

A  wet  shroud  swathed  round  ladye  gay  : 

Then  stay  thee.  Fair,  in  Ravensheuch ; 

Why  cross  the  gloomy  firth  to-day  ? 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  The  milk-white  foam  now  edges  (praetexo)  the 
blackening  waves  :  the  sea-coots  now  seek  the  shores  and  well- 
known  (notus)  rocks.  Or,  No  isle,  no  rock  (silex)  is  untenanted- 
by  (vaco)  the  sea-fowl. — 3,  4.  The  fisher  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  has  heard 
the  shrieks  of  the  sea  (adj.)  monster,  shrieks  that-foreboded 
(vaticinor,  part.)  a  wrecked  vessel. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  And  on  yester  eve  the  gifted  (prsesagus)  Seer 
saw  a  lady’s  limbs  shrouded  (pres.  inf.  pass,  tego)  with  a  wet 
robe. — “  a  lady’s,”  femineus. — 3.  Linger,  fair  maiden,  ’neath 
our  castle. — “  linger,”  Aids  vn.  5. — 4.  Why  dost  thou  assay-to- 
cross  (tento  viam)  o’er  the  black  firths  to-day  ? 

Observe  in  Stanza  i.  4  the  repetition  of  the  word  “  shrieks.” 
See  Poet.  Orn.  £.  2. 

EXERCISE  VII.  (same  continued ). 

'Tis  not  because  Lord  Lindesay’s  heir 
To -night  at  Roslin  leads  the  ball. 

But  that  my  ladye-mother  there 
Sits  lonely  in  her  castle-hall. 

'Tis  not  because  the  ring  they  ride, 

And  Lindesay  at  the  ring  rides  well. 

But  that  my  sire  the  wine  will  chide. 

If  Tis  not  filPd  by  Rosabelle. 


6 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


Stanza  i.  1,  2.  We  go,  she  said,  not  because  (non  quod,  with 
subj.)  the  heir  of  the  neighbouring  chieftain  (princeps)  leads 
the  merry  dances  in  Roslin  Castle  (arx  Roslinea). — 3, 4.  But  alas  ! 
my  mother  alone  in  the  lonely  hall  of  the  fortress,  my  mother 
sprung  from  noble  ancestry  (non  humilis  sanguis)  is  sitting. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  What  if  my  love  (noster  amor),  where  the  ring 
(line  2)  is  grazed  (stringo)  with  many  a  lance,  shall  have  stood 
forth  a  conspicuous  (conspicio,  part,  in  -dus)  horseman  P — 
3,  4.  My  father,  I  ween  (Aids  vn.  7),  will  chide  (insector)  the 
grape  with  reproaches,  unless  his  daughter’s  hand  shall  give 
(Poet.  Orn.  8)  the  full  cups. 

Observe  in  Stanza  i.  3,  4  the  repetition  of  words,  and  the 
expansion  of  the  expression  “  ladye-mother.”  Also  observe  how 
the  future-perfect  is  used  for  the  future,  and  “  plena  dare  ”  = 
implere.  Cf.  Aids  I.  a. 

EXERCISE  VIII.  {same  continued). 

O'er  Roslin  all  that  dreary  night 

A  wondrous  blaze  was  seen  to  gleam  : 

'Twas  broader  than  the  watch-fire  light, 

And  redder  than  the  bright  moon-beam. 

It  glared  on  Roslin' s  castled  rock, 

It  ruddied  all  the  copse-wood  glen  : 

'Twas  seen  from  Dryden's  groves  of  oak, 

And  seen  from  cavern'd  Hawthorn -den. 

Stanza  1. 1,  2.  Above  Roslin  heights  (arces  Roslinese),  through 
the  dreary  hours  (tempora)  of  night,  the  flame  shines  (Poet.  Orn. 
k)  with  unwonted  (non  suetus)  light. — 3,  4.  With  less  broad 
light  fires  blaze  for  watchers  (part.),  nor  is  the  moon  red  with 
so  crimson  a  glare  (nitor). 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  The  rocks  of  Roslin  (adj.)  and  the  castled  (tur- 
ritus)  crags  gleam :  the  ruddy  glare  goes  through  the  glen, 
through  the  whole  grove. — 3,  4.  The  distant  oak-groves  see  the 
opposite  (adversus)  flames ;  the  hollow  (concavus)  rocks  shine 
with  the  opposite  fires. 

Observe  in  Stanza  I.  3,  4,  how  the  sense  is  expressed  by 
slightly  changing  the  English.  Also  how  the  English  is  broken 
up  to  express  “copse-wood  glen.”  Also  how  the  Historic  present 
makes  the  description  more  graphic. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


7 


EXERCISE  IX.  (Lyte). 

Abide  with,  me  :  fast  falls  the  even-tide  : 

The  darkness  deepens  ;  Lord,  with  me  abide. 

When  other  helpers  fail,  and  comforts  flee. 

Help  of  the  helpless,  0  abide  with  me. 

Swift  to  its  close  ebbs  out  life's  little  day : 

Earth's  joys  grow  dim,  its  glories  pass  away: 

Change  and  decay  in  all  around  I  see ; 

Oh  Thou,  who  changest  not,  abide  with  me. 

Stanza  1. 1.  “  Abide,”  &c.  Be  my  (mihi)  companion,  0  Christ. 
“  Fast  falls,”  ruit  toto  asthere. — 2.  “  Deepen,”  densor. — 3,  4. 
Though  (ut,  with  subj.)  friends  and  comforts  fail  alike  (pariter 
— pariter.  Aids  hi.),  be  [my]  companion,  and  bring  Thou 
help  to  me  helpless  (inops). 

Stanza  ii.  1.  The  end  of  life  is  at  hand :  our  short  time 
(aetas)  ebbs  backwards. — 2.  “  Grow  dim,”  languesco  ;  “  glories,” 
singular.  (Poet.  Orn.  a). — 3.  I  see  nought  but  what  is  failing 
(deciduus),  nought  but  what  is  changeable,  (Aids  ii.  nil  non). — 
4.  “  Who  changest  not,”  be  careful  to  use  the  passive  voice. 

Observe  in  Stanza  ii.  1,  how  the  English  is  broken  up,  to  avoid 
the  confusion  of  metaphor  which  would  result  from  a  literal 
translation  in  Latin. 

EXERCISE  X.  (same  continued). 

I  need  Thy  presence  every  passing  hour  : 

What  but  Thy  grace  can  foil  the  tempter's  power? 

Who  like  Thyself  my  guide  and  stay  can  be  ? 

Through  cloud  and  sunshine,  Lord,  abide  with  me. 

I  fear  no  foe  with  Thee  at  hand  to  bless  : 

Ills  have  no  weight,  and  tears  no  bitterness. 

Where  is  death's  sting  ?  where,  grave,  thy  victory  ? 

I  triumph  still,  if  Thou  abide  with  me. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


Hold  Thou  Thy  Cross  before  my  closing  eyes  ; 

Shine  through  the  gloom,  and  point  me  to  the  skies : 

Heaven's  morning  breaks,  and  earth's  vain  shadows 
flee : 

In  life,  in  death,  0  Lord,  abide  with  me. 

Stanza  I.  1.  “  Every  passing  hour  ”  (quotquot  eunt  soles)  I, 
destitute,  require  Thy  presence  (numina,  Poet.  Orn.  a). — 2.  In  my 
sorest  need  (res  extreme)  Thou  [art]  my  (mihi)  only  safety. — 
3,  4.  Thou  only  art  my  guide,  and  the  stay  (tutela)  of  my  being 
(res  mese),  whether  the  day  goes  forth  bright  or  darksome. — 
Omit  the  words,  “  Lord,  abide  with  me,”  here. 

Stanza  ii.  1.  With  Thee  at  hand  (praesens,  abl.  abs.),  the 
threatening  foe  will  not  make  me  afraid  (tremefacio).  Poet.  Orn. 
d. — 2.  “  Tears,”  fletus,  singular  : — “  have  no,”  vaco,  with  abl. — 
“  ills,”  cura,  singular. — 3,  4.  Where  now  are  the  wounds,  where 
now  [is]  the  victory  of  Death  ?  If  Thou  art  my  leader  (abl. 
abs.),  I  shall  be  a  conqueror  in  every  (quilibet)  battle. 

Stanza  III.  1,  2.  Let  Thy  Cross  be  present  when  my  (mihi)  eyes 
shall  be  closed ;  and  let  it,  bright  through  the  darkness,  point 
the  path  to  the  stars. — 3.  Day  has  dawned  in  heaven  :  earthly 
clouds  give  way  (cedo). — 4.  [Whether]  I  live  or  die,  &c.  Aids 
viii.  d. — Compare  Horace,  C.  I.  iii.  16 ;  vi.  19 ;  xxxii.  6 ;  III. 
iv.  21 ;  and  Catull.  iv.  19. 

In  Stanza  I.,  line  2,  “  tempter”  and  “  grace”  are  words  which 
it  would  he  impossible  to  translate  into  Classical  Latin :  the 
sense  therefore  is  given.  In  Stanza  ii.  3,  you  could  not  personify 
the  grave  ;  and,  after  all,  it  is  only  a  synonym  for  Death. 

EXERCISE  XI.  (Sir  W.  Scott). 

Speed,  Malise,  speed !  the  dun  deer's  hide 
On  fleeter  foot  was  never  tied  : 

Speed,  Malise,  speed  !  such  cause  of  haste 
Thine  active  sinews  never  braced. 

Bend  'gainst  the  steepy  hill  thy  breast,  5 

Burst  down  like  torrent  from  its  crest : 

With  short  and  springing  footstep  pass 
The  trembling  bog  and  false  morass. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


9 


1,  2.  Away  with  delays,  M£llssiis :  than  whom  none  fleeter  has 
been  wont  (omit  est)  to  hind  his  foot  with  the  deer’s  (adj,)  hide. 
See  Aids  I.  f. — 3,  4.  “  Such  cause,”  &c.  never  (non  unquam)  before 
did  cause  for  flight  so  urgent  (gravis)  add  vigour  (vires)  to  thy 
sinews. — 5, 6.  Climb  (Aids  i.  d.  fac,  with  subj.)  thou  with  stalwart 
breast  the  steeps  of  the  mountain.  Burst  down  (corripio  iter) 
like  a  stream  from  its  highest  summit. — 7,  8.  And  with  active 
(agilis)  foot  speed  o’er  the  unsafe  (parum  tutus,  Aids  n.  2)  bogs, 
and  places  (loca,  n.  pi.)  hardly  to  be  approached  (part,  in  -dus) 
with  treacherous  mud  (lutum). 

EXERCISE  XII.  {same  continued). 

Across  the  brook  like  roebuck  bound, 

And  thread  the  brake  like  questing  hound : 

The  crag  is  high,  the  scaur  is  deep, 

Yet  shrink  not  from  the  desperate  leap  : 

Parch'd  are  thy  burning  lips  and  brow,  5 

Yet  by  the  fountain  pause  not  now  : 

Herald  of  battle,  fate,  and  fear. 

Stretch  onward  in  thy  fleet  career  ! 

The  wounded  hind  thou  track'st  not  now, 
Pursue'st  not  maid  through  greenwood  bough 
Nor  pliest  thou  now  thy  flying  pace  1 1 

With  rivals  in  the  mountain  race  : 

But  danger,  death,  and  warrior  deed, 

Are  in  thy  course. — Speed,  Malise,  speed ! 

1,  2.  Go,  cross  (supero)  the  torrent  with  a  bound,  like  (mdre, 
with  gen.)  a  roe-buck  (capella).  Thread  (subeo)  the  brakes  (septa) 
and  brambles  like  (uti)  a  keen  hound  (catulus). — 3,  4.  The  rock 
rises  high,  look  you  (Aids  v.) ;  hehold,  the  ravine  (barathrum) 
yawns  :  take  thy  headlong  way  fearlessly  (lit :  “  fear  being  laid 
aside”). — 5,  6.  Thirst  parches  (torreo)  thy  lips,  dry  thirst  parches 
thy  brow ;  do  thou  however  forbear  (parce)  to  halt  (sistere 
gradum)  by  (ad)  the  fountain. — 7,  8.  Depart,  the  messenger  of 
Mars,  and  of  fate  too  (simul),  as  well  as  (Idem)  of  fear;  and  press 
on  (pevgo),  Melissus,  with  swift  flight. — “  Nuncius  ”  in  line  8. — ■ 


10 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


9,  10.  Not  to-day  dost  thou  follow  the  tracks  of  the  wounded 
(leesus)  hind,  nor  is  a  maiden  sought  by  thee  (dat ,  Aids  v.) 
through  the  deep  forests. — 11,  12.  Thou  assay est  not  to-day 
to  conquer  thy  comrades  in  running  (gerund)  ;  thou  fliest  not 
in-rivalry  (certatim)  o’er  the  well  known  heights. — 13, 14.  Danger 
(alea)  is-in  thy  course,  and  death,  and  warlike  prowess  (virtus) : 
the  way  is  long,  hasten  :  away  with  delays,  Melissus. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  verb  in  line  5,  (Poet.  Orn.  2). 
Observe  also  the  use  of  “  idem  ”  =  “  et.” 

EXERCISE  XIII.  {same  continued). 

Fast  as  tlie  fatal  symbol  flies. 

In  arms  the  buts  and  bamlets  rise  : 

From  winding  glen,  and  upland  brown, 

They  pour'd  each  hardy  tenant  down. 

Nor  slack'd  the  messenger  his  pace ;  5 

He  show'd  the  sign,  he  named  the  place : 

And,  pressing  forward  like  the  wind, 

Left  clamour  and  surprise  behind. 

1,  2.  Soon  as  (ut  primum)  the  fatal  symbol  (tessera)  of  battle 
flies-forth,  the  rural  band  rises  to  arms  throughout  the  hamlets 
(pagus).  Look  out  “tessera”  in  the  Dictionary. — 3,  4.  And  stal¬ 
wart  men  flock  (coeo)  together  in  long  train,  all  that  (quot)  the 
brown  woodlands  (saltus),  all  that  the  hollow  vale  nourishes. — 
5,  6.  Meanwhile  the  messenger  slacks  not  his  panting  course ; 
he  shows  the  sign,  he  tells  (doceo)  where  the  camp  is  (subj.). — 
7,  8.  Swift  he  presses  on  (urgeo  iter),  and  challenges  (provoco) 
the  breezes  in  speed ;  behind  comes  din,  and  alarm  follows  close 
(subsequor). 

Observe  the  use  of  the  Historic  present.  See  Exercise  VIII. 
note. 

EXERCISE  XIV.  {Burns). 

Again  rejoicing  Nature  sees 

Her  robe  assume  its  vernal  hues ; 

Her  leafy  locks  wave  in  the  breeze, 

All  freshly  steep'd  in  morning  dews. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


H 


In  vain  to  me  the  cowslips  blaw, 

In  vain  to  me  the  violets  spring : 

In  vain  to  me  in  glen  or  shaw 
The  mavis  and  the  lintwhite  sing. 

Stanza  1. 1,  2.  Now  Nature  sees  that  her  vernal  hues  have 
returned,  and  the  earth  smiles  clad  with  new  garb. — 3,  4.  And 
the  light  breeze  of  Favonius  fans  (agito)  her  leafy  locks,  where 
the  dew  bathes  the  grove  with  morning  (adj.)  shower. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  But  for  me  in  vain  the  narcissus  breathes  its 
perfumes,  and  the  violet  peeps  forth  (exserit  ora)  from  its  hiding- 
place  (plural). — 3,  4.  Through  groves  and  vales  the  linnet  sings 
with  the  thrush  :  each  pours  a  melody  that  will  not  avail  (nil 
prof  ecturus) . 

There  is  no  classical  word  for  cowslip ;  nor  is  it  necessary 
always  to  give  the  exact  words  for  flowers,  even  where  they 
exist,  anymore  than  it  is  to  Latinize  all  English  Proper  Names. 
Suitable  words  will  be  found  at  the  end  of  the  book. — Observe 
how  the  word  “spring”  is  expanded.  The  phrase  will  be 
found  a  useful  one,  as  applied  to  primroses,  snow-drops,  &c.  &c. 

Observe  in  Stanza  n.  3,  4  how  the  English  is  broken  up.  The 
word  “uterque”  will  frequently  be  found  useful  in  similar  cases. 


EXERCISE  XV.  ( same  continued). 

The  merry  ploughboy  cheers  his  team, 

WT  joy  the  tentie  seedsman  stalks; 

But  life  to  me ’s  a  weary  dream, 

A  dream  of  ane  that  never  wauks. 

The  wanton  coot  the  water  skims, 

Amang  the  reeds  the  ducklings  cry : 

The  stately  swan  majestic  swims, 

And  every  thing  is  blest  but  I. 

Stanza  1. 1,  2.  The  merry  (securus)  ploughboy  cheers  (hortor) 
his  horses  with  his  voice  :  and  the  busy  sower  plies  (urgeo)  his 
joyous  task. — 3,  4.  I  weary  drag  out  a  tedious  (longus)  life  in 


12 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


(per)  dreams,  dreams  never  (non  ullo  die)  to  be  shaken  off  (part, 
in  -dus). 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Here  the  coots  play  on  (per)  the  surface  of 
(summus)  the  river’s  waves:  here  amid  the  reeds  the  duck¬ 
lings  (gens  anatlna)  cry  (crepo). — 3,  4.  The  swan  glides  majestic 
(insultans)  with  stately  crest  (vertex) :  I  alone  am  harassed  with 
anxious  breast. 

Observe  in  Stanza  n.  2  the  turning  of  “  ducklings  and,  in 
line  4,  observe  that,  while  not  one  word  is  the  same  as  the 
original,  the  sense  is  completely  given. 

“  Securus,”  from  “  sinc-cura.”  Observe  the  phrase  “  non  ullo 
die.” 


EXERCISE  XVI.  ( same  continued). 

The  shepherd  steeks  his  faulding  slap. 

And  o'er  the  moorlands  whistles  shrill : 

Wi'  wild,  unequal,  wandering  step, 

I  meet  him  on  the  dewy  hill. 

And  when  the  lark,  Twixt  light  and  dark, 
Blithe  waukens  by  the  daisy's  side, 

And  mounts  and  sings  on  flittering  wings, 

A  wae-worn  ghaist  I  hameward  glide. 

Come,  Winter,  with  thine  angry  howl. 

And  raging  bend  the  naked  tree ; 

Thy  gloom  will  soothe  my  cheerless  soul, 

When  Nature  all  is  sad  like  me ! 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Now  every  flock  returns :  the  folds  around 
are  closed :  the  woodland  (saltus)  echoes  (refero)  the  shepherd’s 
shrill  whistle  (sibilum,  pi.). — 3,  4.  Whilst  I  hurry  (rapior)  with 
blind  course  over  the  lonely-parts  (devia,  n.  pi.)  of  the  mountain, 
he  approaches  to  meet  (obvius)  me  amid  the  dews. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  And  when,  near  (sub,  with  acc.)  the  confines  of 
doubtful  night,  the  lark  rises,  where  the  ground  is  white  with 
many  a  daisy. — 3,  4.  While  she  sings  overhead  (supra),  poised 
on  trembling  wings,  scarcely  do  I  wend-my-way  (deferor)  home 
(acc.  of  motion  towards)  like-a-ghost  with  stealthy  foot. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


13 


Stanza  111.  1,  2.  But  come  thou,  O  Winter,  angry  (freme- 
bundus)  with  horrid  tumult,  and  raging  (ssevus)  shake  the  grove 
bare  (nudus,  with  abl.)  of  leaves. — 3,  4.  Thus  shalt  thou  touch 
my  sad  mind  with  sad  pleasure  (dulcedo),  when  (ut)  the  earth 
itself  shall  sigh-in-answer-to  (adgemo)  my  sorrows. 

Observe  in  Stanza  1.  3,  4  how  the  words  “  rapior,”  “  ceecus,’’ 
“  devius,”  express  severally  the  epithets,  ‘  wild,’  ‘  uncertain,' 
‘  wandering  ;  ’  and  for  Stanza  in.  3.  see  Poet.  Orn.  £.  2. 

EXERCISE  XVII.  {Rogers). 

Dear  is  my  little  native  vale ; 

The  ring-dove  builds  and  murmurs  there  : 

Close  by  my  cot  she  tells  her  tale 
To  every  passing  villager. 

The  squirrel  leaps  from  tree  to  tree,  5 

And  shells  his  nuts  at  liberty. 

1, 2.  Sweetly  (suave,  neut.  adj.  used  adverbially)  smiles  for  me 
the  slope  (declive)  of  my  native  vale,  where  the  murmuring 
(blandus)  dove  has  placed  her  nest. — 3, 4.  [The  dove]  who  repeats 
her  sad  plaints  near  my  threshold  (Poet.  Orn.  a),  and  beguiles 
the  journey  of  the  passing  husbandman. — 5,  6.  Meanwhile  the 
squirrel  (sciurus ;  this  word  must  have  an  exception  made  in  its 
favour ;  but  see  Caution  h.)  bounding  through  the  thick  planta¬ 
tions  (arbustum),  rejoices  to  crack  (rodo)  his  nuts  with  careless 
tooth. 

“  At  liberty,”  i.e.  undisturbed,  “  securus.”  The  epithet  is  often 
transferred  elegantly  from  the  word  to  which  it  would  naturally 
belong  to  some  other  noun  in  the  sentence.  This  is  called 
Hyjpallage. 

EXERCISE  XVIII.  {Sir  W.  Scott). 

They  bid  me  sleep,  they  bid  me  pray ; 

They  say  my  brain  is  warp'd  and  wrung : 

I  cannot  sleep  on  Highland  brae  ; 

I  cannot  pray  in  Highland  tongue. 

But  were  I  now  where  Allan  glides,  5 

Or  heard  my  native  Devan's  tides, 


14 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


So  sweetly  would  I  rest  and  pray 

That  Heaven  would  close  my  wintry  day ! 

1,  2.  But  (Aids  vii.  1)  my  companions  bid  me  sleep  and  pray 
to  the  gods  ;  but  [say  they]  my  (mihi)  mind  raves  (deliro)  wrung 
(tortus)  with  frenzy. — 3,  4.  I  cannot  sleep  amid  Highland  braes 
(montanae  salebrse) :  my  tongue  knows-not  how  to  utter  (refero) 
Highland  prayers. — 5,  6.  Place-ye  me  where  Allia  glides  with 
placid  course,  or  where  Deva  threads  (pererro)  my  native  fields. — 
7,  8.  How  (quam)  sweet  slumbers  shall  I  enjoy  (carpo),  how 
devoutly  (rite)  shall  I  pray,  that  the  last  (supremus)  hour  may 
close  my  wintry  days. 

EXERCISE  XIX  {same  continued). 

’Twas  thus  my  hair  they  bade  me  braid : 

They  bade  me  to  the  church  repair : 

“  It  was  my  bridal  morn/’  they  said, 

“  And  my  true  love  would  meet  me  there.” 

But  woe  betide  the  cruel  guile,  5 

That  drown’d  in  blood  the  morning  smile  ! 

And  woe  betide  the  fairy  dream  ! 

I  only  waked  to  sob  and  scream. 

1,  2.  “  Thus,”  they  said,  I  remember,  “  gather  (colligo)  thy 
locks  in  a  knot,  soon  to-enter  (part,  in  -rus,  fern.)  the  temples  of 
the  deity  with  well-omened  foot.— 3,  4.  Thy  (tibi.  Aids  v.)  bridal 
morn  (lux  Hymensea)  is-rising :  why  goest  thou  not  (Aids  vii. 
5)  to-meet-him  (obvius),  to-where  (quo)  thy  true  (bene-fidus. 
Aids  n.  2)  lover  has  long  been  expecting  thee. — Diu,  dudum,  &c. 
take  the  verb  in  the  present  tense.  E.  g.  “  I  have  long  been 
ill,”  jamdudum  segroto. — 5,  6.  But  woe  betide  (male  pereat) 
the  dawn,  which,  after  blood  had  been  shed  (abl.  abs.),  using 
(perf.  part.)  cruel  guile  (plural,  Poet.  Orn.  a),  made-me-forget 
(dedoceo)  my  smiles. — N.B.  “  risus  ”  belongs  to  line  5. — 7,  8.  For 
as  soon  as  (simul  ac)  the  joys  of  the  fairy  (fictus)  vision  (visum) 
vanished  (pereo),  There  was  nothing  but  sobbing,  nothing  but 
wailing. 

Observe  the  use  of  “  dedoceo  ”  in  line  6 ;  and  the  repetition  in 
line  8.  For  “  amans,”  subst.  Cf.  Virg.  M.  i.  352 ;  iv.  429. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


15 


EXERCISE  XX.  (Bums). 

Behold  the  hour,  the  boat  arrive ! 

Thou  goest,  thou  darling  of  my  heart. 

Sever'd  from  thee  can  I  survive  ? 

But  fate  has  will'd,  and  we  must  part. 

I'll  often  greet  this  surging  swell,  a 

Yon  distant  isle  will  often  hail : 

“  E'en  here  I  took  the  last  farewell, 

“  There  latest  mark'd  her  vanish'd  sail." 

1, 2.  The  time  is-at-hand :  thou  leavest  thy  country,  my  darling 
(rerum  carissima) :  Behold  the  ship  soon  to-depart  (part,  in  -rus) 
enters  the  harbour. — 3,  4.  Can  I  live  severed  from  thy  embrace  ? 
We  are  parted  (solvor),  and  the  fates  refuse  me  as  a  companion 
to  thee. — 5,  6.  Nevertheless  the  wave  which  swells,  the  isle  which 
lifts  itself  afar,  each  is  oft  to-be-hailed  (part,  in  -dus)  by  my  voice. 
See  Exercise  XIV.  Stanza  n.  4  note. — 7,  8.  There  (ilia  parte) 
I  said  (diximus,  Poet.  Orn.  a)  the  last  farewell,  there  (illic) 
Her  distant  sails  vanished  from  (fugio)  my  sight  (pi.). 

Observe  the  expression,  “  carissima  rerum.”  Also  observe  how 
the  order  of  the  English  in  lines  1,  2,  is  slightly  varied  without 
affecting  the  sense. 

EXERCISE  XXI.  (same  continued). 

Along  the  solitary  shore, 

While  flitting  sea-fowls  round  me  cry, 

Across  the  rolling,  dashing  roar, 

I'll  westward  turn  my  wistful  eye. 

“  Happy,  thou  Indian  grove,"  I'll  say,  5 

“  Where  now  my  Nancy's  path  may  be 

“  While  through  thy  sweets  she  loves  to  stray, 
“  Oh,  tell  me,  does  she  muse  on  me  ? " 

1,  2.  Oft  shall  I  lonely  roam  (spatior)  along  the  lonely  strand, 
where  the  flitting  sea-fowl  cries  (gemo)  on  this  side  and  that, 


1 6 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


(inde  vel  inde)  — 3,  4.  Oft  o’er  the  waves  that-rise-and-fall 
(alternns)  with  threatening  (part,  minitor)  roar,  my  eyes  fixed 
shall  seek-again-and-again  (repeto)  the  Western  regions1. — 
5,  6.  And  0  thou,  whithersoever  my  Nancy  may  wander,  I’ll 
say, — happy,  happy  grove  of  Indians. 

Note. — The  “quocunque”  must  be  separated  by  the  figure  called 
Tmesis,  thus,  “  quo  mea  cunque  and  the  intensive  force  of  the 
second  “  happy  ”  must  be  expressed  by  “  ter-que  quater-que.” 

7,  8.  Tell  me,  when  straying  (devius)  she  traverses  [thy] 
pleasant  retreats,  does  she  mindful  think  of  (respicio)  her  absent 
husband  P 


EXERCISE  XXII.  {Burns). 

Now  blooms  the  lily  by  the  bank. 

The  primrose  down  the  brae; 

The  hawthorn ’s  budding  in  the  glen. 

And  milk-white  is  the  slae : 

The  meanest  hind  in  fair  Scotland  5 

May  rove  their  sweets  amang ; 

But  I,  the  queen  of  Scotland, 

Maun  lie  in  prison  strang  ! 

1,  2.  The  lilies  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  now  bloom  on  the  green  margin 
of  the  bank;  the  primrose  now  springs  (Exercise  XIY.  Stanza 
ii.  2)  on  the  sloping  (pronus)  heights. — 3,  4.  The  thorn  begins 
to  put  forth  its  buds  (germen)  through  the  vale,  and  the  sloe 
is-bright  with  milk-white  (lacticolor)  array  (cultus). — 5,  6.  The 
lowest  hind  (upilio)  whom  Scotland  (Scotica  tellus)  has  brought 
forth,  can  go  at  will  (quo  libet)  amid  these  treasures  of  the 
country. — 7,  8.  Lo  I,  whom  the  Scotch  land  owns  (fateor)  as 
queen,  linger  forsooth  (Aids  vn.  7)  confined  (pressus)  in  a  strong 
prison. 


1  For  the  use  of  “  alternus  ”  in  line  3,  compare  Propertius, 
El.  iii.  3,  7,  Scilicet  altema  quoniam  jactamur  in  unda :  and 
for  “  repeto  ”  in  line  4,  compare  Horace,  C.  i.  9.  20,  Composite 
repetantur  bora. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


17 


EXERCISE  XXIII.  ( same  continued). 

My  son  !  my  son !  may  kinder  stars 
Upon  thy  fortune  shine  ! 

And  may  those  pleasures  gild  thy  reign 
That  ne'er  wad  blink  on  mine. 

God  keep  thee  frae  thy  mother's  faes,  5 

Or  turn  their  hearts  to  thee : 

And  where  thou  meet'st  thy  mother's  friend. 
Remember  him  for  me. 

1,  2.  But  mayst  thou,  my  son,  live,  I  pray,  [under]  a  kinder 
(magis  sequus)  star,  and  may  thy  lot  befall  (venio)  better  than 
my  lot. — 3,  4.  And  may  [that  Peace]  which  never  looked-down-on 
my  [years]  with  niggardly  (malignus)  light,  may  Peace  [I  say] 
all-gold  (aureus)  ever  smile  on  (rideo,  with  acc.)  thy  years. — 
5,  6.  And  would  that  God  would  keep  far  aloof  (longe  arceo)  thy 
mother’s  (adj.)  foes  ;  or  teach  them  at  least  to-do-no-harm  to 
thee.  Poet.  Orn.  y. — 7,  8.  And  do  thou,  if  ever  (olim)  any  one 
shall  have  befriended  (bene  facio,  with  dat.)  me  in-my-sorrow 
(miser),  mindfully  (adj.)  love  him,  my  son,  for  the  sake  of  (ob) 
thy  mother. 


EXERCISE  XXIV. 

Ride  a  cock-horse 
To  Banbury  Cross, 

To  see  a  fine  lady 
Upon  a  white  horse. 

With  rings  on  her  fingers,  5 

And  bells  on  her  toes, 

She  shall  have  music 
Wherever  she  goes. 

1,  2.  Go, — my  (noster)  knees  shall  serve  instead  (prsestare 
vicem)  of  a  hack  (caballus)  for  thee, — to-where  (quo)  a  marble- 
statue  (marmor,  or  statua)  adorns  the  Banbury  (Banburiensis) 
market-place. — Observe  that  “genua”  is  to  be  scanned  “  genv  a.” 

C 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


18 


See  Virgil,  iEn.  v.  432.  Similarly  “  tenuia  ”  is  scanned  “  tenvia.” 
— N.B.  The  first  line,  with  the  exception  of  the  first  word,  is  to 
be  placed  in  a  parenthesis. — 3,  4.  There  a  lady,  who  has  (cui)  a 
steed  than  which  snow  [is]  not  more  spotless  (purus),  sits  magni¬ 
ficent  (conspiciendus)  with  a  royal  robe. — 5, 6.  Ten  (bis  quinque) 
sounding  bells  (aes,  pi.)  hang  from  her  toes  (pedum  digiti) : 
an  abundance  of  rings  (sardonyx)  adorns  either  hand. — 7,  8.  So, 
whithersoever  she  roving  (devius)  shall  wend  her  course  (plural) > 
she  shall  hear  only  (non  nisi,  Aids  n.  1)  pleasant  sounds. 

Observe  “  sum,”  with  the  dative,  often  =  “  habeo.”  In  line 
3  the  est  is  to  be  omitted.  In  5,  6  observe  the  transposition 
of  the  English.  This  may  often  be  done  without  affecting  the 
sense. 


EXERCISE  XXV.  ( Tannahill ). 

Keen  blaws  the  wind  o’er  the  braes  o’  Gleniffer ; 

The  auld  castle  turrets  are  cover’d  wi’  snaw : 

How  changed  frae  the  time  when  I  met  wi’  my  lover 
Amang  the  broom  bushes  by  Stanley  green  shaw  ! 
The  wild  flow’rs  o’  Simmer  were  spread  a’  sae  bonnie. 
The  mavis  sang  sweet  frae  the  green  birken  tree :  6 
But  far  to  the  camp  they  hae  march’d  my  dear 
J  ohnnie ; 

And  now  it  is  Winter  wi’  nature  and  me. 

1,  2.  Now  cold  blow  the  blasts  o’er  my  native  braes  (saltus) : 
the  snows  have  o’erspread  (incumbo)  the  aged  towers. — 3, 4.  How 
different  a  season  (tempus)  once  joined  my  lover  to  me,  where  the 
grove  and  the  bushy  (virgis  densa)  broom  are-green. — 5,  6.  Bonny 
(nitidissimus)  Summer  had  scattered  her  wild  (incultus)  flowers : 
and  the  bird  was  singing  sweetly  (dulce,  neut.  adj.  used  adver¬ 
bially)  amid  the  birches. — 7,  8.  But  they  have  hurried  my  (noster) 
boy  far-away  into  the  battles  :  Winter  has  come  to  the  fields, 
and  it  (ilia)  has  come  to  me. 

Observe  that  there  is  no  attempt  made  to  translate  “  Stanley,” 
while  “  Gleniffer  ”  is  adequately  represented  by  “  patrius.” 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


19 


EXERCISE  XXVI.  {same  continued). 

Then  ilk  thing  around  us  was  blithsome  and  cheery. 
Then  ilk  thing  around  us  was  bonnie  and  braw  : 
Now  nae thing  is  heard  but  the  wind  whistling  dreary. 
And  naething  is  seen  but  the  wide-spreading  snaw. 
The  trees  are  a'  bare,  and  the  birds  mute  and  dowie ; 
They  shake  the  cauld  drift  frae  their  wings  as  they 
flee,  G 

And  chirp  out  their  plaints,  seeming  wae  for  my 
Johnnie, — 

'Tis  Winter  wi'  them,  and  'tis  Winter  wi'  me. 

1,  2.  Then  all  things  were  smiling  most  happy  for  us  ;  Love 
made  all  things  brighter  than  usual  (Aids  1.  e). — 3,  4.  Nought 
now  reaches  (pervenio)  my  ears  save  (nisi)  the  drearily- whistling 
(triste  fremens.  Exercise  XXV.  6)  North  wind  ;  Nought  save 
the  drifted  (fusus)  snow  spreads-wide  for-me-to-gaze-at  (quodpro- 
spiciam). — 5,  6.  The  grove  is  stript-of  (careo)  leaves — (singular. 
Poet.  Orn.  a)  :  the  sad  birds  are  hushed :  they  shake  the  snow 
off  (decutio)  their  passing  wing. — 7,  8.  Each  one  (nullus  non — 
Aids  11.  1.  fern.)  has  seemed  to  utter  its  plaints  with  me  :  Alike 
(pariter)  we  weep  that  wintry  days  are-here  (adsum). 

EXERCISE  XXVII.  ( same  continued). 

Yon  cauld  sleety  cloud  skiffs  alang  the  bleak  moun¬ 
tain, 

And  shakes  the  dark  firs  on  the  stey  rocky  brae; 
While  down  the  deep  glen  bawls  the  snaw-flooded 
fountain, 

That  murmur'd  sae  sweet  to  my  laddie  and  me. 
'Tis  no  its  loud  roar  on  the  wintry  wind  swelling  5 
'Tis  no  the  cauld  blast  brings  the  tears  i'  my  e'e : 
For  0,  gin  I  saw  but  my  bonnie  Scotch  callan, 

The  dark  days  o'  Winter  were  Simmer  to  me  1 

a  2 


20 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


1,  2.  The  cloud  with  cold  hail  now  scours  (verro)  the  bleak 
heights ;  and  the  dark  pine-tree  trembles  on  the  precipice 
(praeceps,  n.). — 3,  4.  And  the  stream  which  whispered  (imperf.) 
with  so  sweet  a  murmur,  now  re-echoes  (remugio)  in  the  deep 
(imus)  glen  with  swollen  waters. — 5,  6.  But  not  the  water’s 
loud- roar  (horror),  increased  by  wintry  winds, — not  the  North- 
wind  now  bids  my  tears  to  flow  (eo). — 7,  8.  For  for  me,  if  only 
(dum,  with  subj.)  it-be-allowed  to  see  (Poet.  Orn.  y)  my  laddie 
restored  (receptus),  Even  (vel)  black  Winter  will  assume  (traho, 
Poet.  Orn.  8)  Summer’s  (adj.)  beauty. 

EXERCISE  XXVIII.  (C.  Rossetti). 

Summer  is  gone  with  all  its  roses, 

Its  sun,  and  perfumes,  and  sweet  flowers, 

Its  warm  air  and  refreshing  showers ; 

And  even  Autumn  closes. 

Yea,  Autumn's  chilly  self  is  going, 

And  Winter  comes,  which  is  yet  colder : 

Each  day  the  hoar-frost  waxes  bolder, 

And  the  last  buds  cease  blowing. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Summer  has  passed  alike  (pariter)  with  its 
sun  and  its  perfumes ;  Everywhere  the  flower  has  fallen,  the 
roses  have  perished. — 3.  Now  the  Zephyr  has  lulled  (pono ;  cf. 
Virgil,  Ain.  x.  103.  Look  the  word  out) :  the  refreshing  (genita- 
hilis)  shower  ceases. — 4.  Autumn  himself  is  now  closing  (lego) 
his  last  days. 

Stanza  n.  1.  Repeat  the  Pentameter  with  the  exception  of 
the  word  Autumn  (Poet. Orn.  £).  “Chilly  self  is  going,” gelidus- 
que  recedit. — 2.  And  Winter  comes-on  colder  and  colder. — 3,  4. 
Every  day  (quotquot  eunt  soles),  the  cold  presses  on  (insto) 
bolder;  And  the  last  bud  (gemma)  grieves,  having  lost  its 
bloom  (rubor,  abl.  abs.). 

This  Exercise  should  be  noticed,  as  showing  what  a  little 
ingenuity  will  do  in  the  way  of  expansion.  Observe,  too,  the 
repetition  of  the  comparative  adj.  in  Stanza  n.  2.  It  is  very 
pretty  in  Elegiac  verse. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


21 


EXERCISE  XXIX.  {Burns). 

Flow  gently,  sweet  Afton,  among  thy  green  braes ; 

Flow  gently,  Fll  sing  thee  a  song  in  thy  praise : 
My  Mary’s  asleep  by  thy  murmuring  stream  : 

Flow  gently,  sweet  Afton,  disturb  not  her  dream. 

Thou  stock-dove,  whose  echo  resounds  through  the 
glen. 

Ye  wild- whistling  black-birds  in  yon  thorny  den, 
Thou  green-crested  lapwing,  thy  screaming  forbear: 
I  charge  you,  disturb  not  my  slumbering  fair. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Mayst  thou  flow  (eo)  gently  (adj.)  among  thy 
green  braes  (saltus),  O  Aftona  ;  Mayst  thou  flow  gently,  0  river 
to-be-sung  by  my  (noster)  lyre. — 3,  4.  My  (noster)  Tyndaris 
is-asleep  near  thy  whispering  waves  ;  do  thou  forbear  to  disturb 
the  dreams  of  my  mistress.  (Aids  i.  c.) 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Cease  thy  plaints,  0  dove,  in  (sub)  the  deep 
glen  (ima  vallis) ;  do  thou,  0  blackbird,  forbear  to  chirp  (crepo) 
in  the  thick  brambles. — 3,  4.  Hush  (desine),  thou  green-crested 
heron.  Hush  :  nor  (neu)  disturb  my  mistress’  dreams. — “  Green- 
crested,”  spectabilis  viridi  crista. 

EXERCISE  XXX.  {same  continued ). 

How  lofty,  sweet  Afton,  thy  neighbouring  hills. 

Far  mark’d  with  the  courses  of  clear-winding  rills : 
There  daily  I  wander,  as  noon  rises  high, 

My  flocks  and  my  Mary’s  sweet  cot  in  my  eye. 

How  pleasant  thy  banks  and  green  valleys  below, 
Where  wild  in  the  woodlands  the  primroses  blow: 
There,  oft  as  mild  Evening  weeps  over  the  lea, 

The  sweet-scented  birk  shades  my  Mary  and  me. 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  How  thy  (tibi)  neighbouring  hills  rise  on- 
every-side,  Whence  many  a  (plurimus)  stream  wanders  with  clear 


22 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


waters. — 3,  4.  Hither  wandering  (devins),  when  the  sun  holds 
the  mid  sky  in  his  course,  I  oft  seek  with  my  flock  my  Tyndaris* 
threshold  (plural). 

Stanza  n.  1, 2.  [How]  sweetly  (see  Exercise  XXV,  6)  thy  banks, 
how  sweetly  [thy]  vales  smile  (renideo),  Where  the  marigold 
adorns  the  grove,  without  a  cultivator  (nullo  colente,  abl.  abs.). 
— 3,  4.  Here,  as-often-as  mild  Evening  has  wept  o’er  (roro,  fut. 
perf.)  the  fields,  the  birch-tree  covers  us  with  sweet-scented 
(suave-olens)  shade. 

EXERCISE  XXXI.  (same  continued). 

Thy  crystal  stream,  Afton,  how  lovely  it  glides. 

And  winds  by  the  cot  where  my  Mary  resides : 
How  wanton  thy  waters  her  snowy  feet  lave, 

As  gathering  sweet  flowerets  she  stems  thy  clear 
wave. 

Flow  gently,  sweet  Aft  on,  among  thy  green  braes ; 

Flow  gently,  sweet  river,  the  theme  of  my  lays  : 
My  Mary's  asleep  by  thy  murmuring  stream  : 

Flow  gently,  sweet  Afton,  disturb  not  her  dream. 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  How  do  thy  crystal  (imitantia  crystallos) 
streams  glide  around  the  tiny  cot  (lares)  which  she  inhabits. — 
3,  4.  And  as  often  as  she  gathers  flowers  amid  thy  clear 
(vitreus)  waves.  How  (ut)  does  the  wanton  water  bathe  her 
snowy  feet ! 

Stanza  ii.  1.  Flow  softly  (i  leniter),  sweet  Afton,  &c.— 2. 
Flow  softly,  ennobled  by  my  lyre. — 3,  4.  See  Exercise  XXIX. 
Stanza  i.  3,  4. 

Observe  the  turning  of  “  crystal this  will  help  you  often  in 
such  expressions  as  “silver,”  “coral,”  &c.,  &c.,  used  adjectivally. 

EXERCISE  XXXII.  (Hogg). 

0  what  will  a'  the  lads  do 
When  Maggie  gangs  away  ? 

There's  nae  a  heart  in  a'  the  glen 
That  disna  dread  the  day. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


23 


Young  Jock  lias  ta'en  the  hill  for't, —  5 

A  waefu'  wight  is  he  : 

Poor  Harry's  ta'en  the  bed  for't. 

An'  laid  him  doon  to  die  : 

An'  Sandy's  gane  unto  the  kirk, 

An'  learning  fast  to  pray.  10 

1,  2.  What  will  the  lads  do  ?  Who  will  console  them  when 
our  Maggie  shall  leave  her  father’s  (adj .)  house  (lares)  P — 3,  4. 
Of  all  that  inhabit  the  glen  (quot  colimus  vallem),  who  does  not 
in  his  (sibi,  Aids  v.)  heart  dread  regrets  (dolor)  to-come  (part, 
in  -rus),  when  that  day  occurs-to-him  (subeo)  ? — 5,  6.  For-tbis 
(hinc)  Menalcas  has  made  for  (petiit  cursu)  the  highest  moun¬ 
tain  tops,  nor  does  any  hope  cheer  (levo)  the  lad’s  sad  flight. — 
7,  8.  For-this,  Daphnis,  poor  fellow  (caput  insanabile),  has 
taken-to  (peto)  his  bed,  And  while  he  lies,  says  piteously  (querulo 
ore),  “  Come,  0  Death.” — 9,  10.  In  like  manner  (nec  minus) 
Damon  has  fled  to  the  sanctuary  (penetralia)  of  the  temple,  and 
begins  to  learn-by-heart  (Poet.  Orn.  y)  unwonted  prayers. 

Observe  the  construction  of  line  3. — Daphnis,  Damon,  and 
Menalcas  are  common  names  in  Pastoral  poetry. 

EXERCISE  XXXIII.  {same  continued). 

The  wailing  in  our  native  glen 
That  day  will  quaver  high  : 

'Twill  draw  the  red-breast  frae  the  wood. 

The  lav' rock  frae  the  sky  : 

The  Fairies,  frae  their  beds  o'  dew,  5 

Will  rise  an'  join  the  lay  : 

And  hey  !  what  a  day  'twill  be, 

When  Maggie  gangs  away  ! 

1,  2.  That  day  will  evoke  (cieo)  thro’  our  native  glen  wailings, 
with  which  the  quavering  (tremebundus)  voice  will  strike  the 
highest  heaven. — 3,  4.  The  red-breast  will  hear,  drawn  (exeltus) 
from  the  heart  of  the  woods  (media  silva) ;  and  the  lark  at  the 
same  time  will  leave  the  regions  of  the  sky  (setheria  plaga). — 5,  6. 


24 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


The  Dryads  will  rise,  and  leaving  their  beds  and  the  dew  (abl. 
abs.),  will  swell  (augeo)  the  sad  strains,  a  sad  company. — 7,  8.  Ah 
me !  what  solace  (plural,  Poet.  Orn.  a),  will  beguile  that  dawn, 
when  our  Maggie  shall  leave  her  father’s  house  P 

There  is  no  word  to  translate  “fairies,”  generally. — “  Beds  and 
dew  ”  for  ‘  dewy  beds,’  an  instance  of  Hendiadys :  so  in  Virgil, 
“pateris  libamus  et  auro,”  for  “  aureis  pateris.” — N.B.  The 
participle  is  to  agree  with  “  rore  ”  as  being  the  nearer  subject. 
Madvig,  Lat.  Gr.  §  214. 

EXERCISE  XXXIV.  ( Chevy  Chase). 

Next  day  did  many  widdowes  come. 

Their  husbands  to  bewayle  ; 

They  washt  their  wounds  in  brinish  teares, 
But  all  wold  not  prevayle. 

Theyr  bodyes,  bathed  in  purple  gore. 

They  bare  with  them  away  : 

They  kist  them  dead  a  thousand  times 
Ere  they  were  cladd  in  clay. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  The  next  day  dawned  (Poet.  Orn.  k)  :  many 
widows  flocked  together  (Poet.  Orn.  t);  a  sad  company,  to  bewail 
over  (part,  in  -rus)  their  slain  husbands. — 3,  4.  Ah!  how  often 
they  bathed  their  wounds  with  briny  tears;  yet  nought  avail 
their  tears,  alas  !  nought  their  loving  offices  (pia  facta). 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  The  corpses,  bathed  (perfusus)  in  purple 
blood,  they  bore  back  with  them,  each  to  her  lonely  (vacuus) 
home. — 3,  4.  They  showered  (itero)  a  thousand  kisses  on  their 
dead  ones,  ere  (priusquam)  they  had  given  up  their  limbs  to-be- 
covered  by  the  damp  ground. 

Observe  the  use  of  “  mille,”  for  an  indefinite  number. 

EXERCISE  XXXV. 

There  was  an  old  woman  who  lived  in  a  shoe ; 

She  had  so  many  children  she  didn't  know  what 
to  do : 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


25 


She  gave  them  some  broth  without  any  bread. 

Then  whipp'd  them  all  soundly,  and  sent  them 
to  bed. 

1,  2.  There  lived  a  certain  old  woman,  whom  her  large  family 
(prolis  copia)  made  distracted:  a  shoe  served-her-for  (instar 
erat,  with  gen.)  a  house. — 3,  4.  She  gave  her  boys  broth  without 
bread :  then,  having  plied  (usus)  her  whip,  “  Go/’  she  said,  “  run 
each  of  you  to  his  own  bed.” — Cf.  Exercise  II.  Stanza  1.  2. 

EXERCISE  XXXVI.  (Gay). 

What  whispers  must  the  beauty  bear  ! 

What  hourly  nonsense  haunts  her  ear  ! 

Where'er  her  eyes  dispense  their  charms, 
Impertinence  around  her  swarms. 

Did  not  the  tender  nonsense  strike,  5 

Contempt  and  scorn  might  look  dislike ; 

Forbidding  airs  might  thin  the  place : 

The  slightest  flap  a  fly  can  chase. 

1,  2.  How  many  trifles  does  she  submit  to,  how  many  whis¬ 
pers  (murmur)  of  the  silly  tongue  is-she-wont-to-hear  (Poet. 
Orn.  /3) — the  girl  wooed  (colo)  by  hourly  (assiduus)  suitors. — 
3,  4.  Whatever  she  does,  whithersoever  she  turns  her  sparkling 
eyes,  An  impertinent  (importunus)  crowd  is-at-her-side  (sub¬ 
sum)  and  harasses  her. — 5,  6.  But  if  (sin)  the  tender  nonsense 
(nugoe)  touched  her  (pres,  subj.)  with  no  charm,  the  contracted 
brow  and  mute  modesty  would  forbid  these  things. — 7,  8.  The 
suitor  would  flee  (terga  verto),  repulsed  by  the  nymph’s  reserve 
(gravitas).  A  fly  takes  wing  (carpo  fugam)  with  the  very  least 
(vel  minimus)  blow. 

Observe  in  line  4  the  turning  of  “  Impertinence.”  InVerse, 
as  well  as  in  Prose,  you  will  often  have  to  use  the  concrete  for 
the  abstract.  E.  g.  in  Macaulay,  “  In  his  high  place  he  had  so 
borne  himself,  that  all  feared  him,  that  most  had  loved  him,  and 
that  hatred  itself  (inimici  ipsi)  could  deny  him  no  title  to  glory, 
except  virtue.” 


26 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  XXXVII.  (same  continued). 

But  who  can  chase  the  numerous  breed  ? 

Chase  one,  another  will  succeed. 

Who  knows  a  fool,  must  know  his  brother ; 

One  fop  will  recommend  another  : 

And  with  this  plague  she's  rightly  cursed,  5 

Because  she  listen'd  to  the  first. 

1,  2.  Yet  who  can-compel  (subj.)  the  countless  race  to  depart? 
[If]  one  shall  have  fled,  another  will  succeed  to  its  place. — 
3,  4.  He  who  knows  a  fool,  will  also  know  (Exercise  XII.  note, 
and  Poet.  Om.  6)  his  brother.  What  fop  (ineptus)  has  a  com¬ 
panion  whom  he  does  not  recommend  (laudo)  ?• — 5,  6.  So  what¬ 
ever  girl  (line  6)  too  credulous  (Aids  ii.  2,  note)  lends  her  ears 
to  the  first  [suitor],  pays  this  penalty  with  just  (meritus)  plague. 

Observe  in  line  2  the  ellipse  of  “  si.”  Cf.  Terence,  Phormio, 
ii.  1.  35,  “  Unum  cognoris,  omnes  noris and  Juvenal,  Sat.  iii. 
78,  “In  ccelum,  jusseris,  ibit.” — Also  observe  how  an  affirmation 
(or  a  negation)  may  be  interrogatively  expressed,  as  in  line  4. 

EXERCISE  XXXVIII.  (same  continued). 

As  Doris,  at  her  toilet's  duty, 

Sat  meditating  on  her  beauty. 

She  now  was  pensive,  now  was  gay, 

And  loll'd  the  sultry  hours  away. 

1,  2.  One  day  (quondam)  by  chance  Doris  was  arranging 
her  tresses  in  order,  while  she  reckons  up  (lego)  her  charms  in 
the  mirror. — 3,  4.  She  sits,  now  with  somewhat-heavy  (gravior) 
countenance,  now  with  relaxed  brow,  and  lolling  (semisupinus) 
whiles  away  the  summer  day. 

Observe  the  force  of  the  comparative  in  line  3. 

EXERCISE  XXXIX.  (same  continued). 

As  thus  in  indolence  she  lies, 

A  giddy  Wasp  around  her  flies ; 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


27 


He  now  advances,  now  retires, 

Now  to  her  neck  and  cheek  aspires. 

Her  fan  in  vain  defends  her  charms ;  5 

Swift  he  returns,  again  alarms ; 

For  by  repulse  he  bolder  grew, 

Perch'd  on  her  lip,  and  sipp'd  the  dew. 

N.B. — Vespa”  is  feminine.  Do  not  be  misled  by  the  English. 

1,  2.  While  thus  she  lies  at-her-ease  (lentus),  an  impudent 
( protervus )  Wasp  (line  2)  cuts  the  air  round  her  in  a  circle, 
as-it-wheels  (pres.  part,  flecto)  its  wanton  flight. — 3,  4.  It  now 
checks,  now  presses-on  (urgeo)  its  course ;  now  fixes  kisses  on 
her  neck,  and  aspiring- further  (non  satiandus),  on  her  rosy 
cheeks. — 5,  6.  In  vain  do  the  strokes  of  her  fan  protect  her  face  : 
It  goes,  returns,  and  always  causes  (do)  fears  by-threatening-to- 
return  (rediturus). — 7,  8.  Grown-bolder  (petulantior),  I  ween 
(Aids  vn.  7),  from  the  very  (ipse)  repulse,  it  (ilia)  perched-itself 
and-sipped  (insidiata  bibit)  the  dews  of  her  lips. — “  ilia  ”  in  line  7. 


EXERCISE  XL.  (same  continued). 

She  frowns,  she  frets,  “  Good  gods  ! "  she  cries, 

“  Protect  me  from  these  teazing  flies. 

“  Of  all  the  plagues  that  Heav'n  hath  sent, 

“  A  Wasp  is  most  impertinent !" 

1,  2.  Frowning  (contracts  fronte,  abl.  abs.)  the  angry  maiden 
cries  (fremo),  “  Ye  gods  !  keep  off  the  flies,  a  hated  race.”  See 
Exercise  Y.  1. — 3,  4.  Of  all  the  plagues  they  have  (quotquot), 
the  gods  and  goddesses  have  sent  no  (non  ullus,  Aids  11.  1)  evil 
more  tiresome  (importunus)  than  a  wasp.  In  3,  4,  a  slight 
transposition  of  words  will  be  necessary. 

Observe  in  line  3  the  use  of  “  quotquot,”  as  in  Exercises  XIII. 
and  XXXII.  Also  the  concrete  for  the  abstract  in  the  turning 
of  the  word  “  Heaven.”  See  Exercise  XXXVI.,  note. 


28 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  XLI.  (T.  Moore). 

The  minstrel  boy  to  the  wars  is  gone, 

In  the  ranks  of  death  you'll  find  him ; 

His  father's  sword  he  has  girded  on. 

And  his  wild  harp  slung  behind  him. 

“  Land  of  song,"  said  the  warrior-bard, 

“  Though  all  the  world  betrays  thee, 

,fOne  sword  at  least  thy  rights  shall  guard, 

“  One  faithful  harp  shall  praise  thee." 

1,  2.  The  young  minstrel  is  preparing  to  go  into  the  thick  of 
(mediusj  the  enemy:  he  will  be  conspicuous  (part,  in  -dus)  amid 
the  carnage  (csedes,  pi.). — 3,  4.  To  his  side  he  has  girded  the 
sword  that  his  father  wore  (gestamina  patris) ;  and  his  wild 
(fervidus)  harp  lies  slung  (aptus,  part.)  from  his  shoulder. — 
5,  6.  “  Land  of-song  ”  (Musis  inclytus),  says  the  warrior  bard, 
“  though  (licet)  others  betray  thee,  a  faithless  crowd : — 7,  8.  Yet 
still  (at  tamen)  one  sword  shall  maintain  (servo — Poet.  Orn.  5) 
thy  rights  ;  one  lyre  shall  sing  thy  praises,  and  that  a  faithful 
one”  (nec  male  fidus,  Aids  n.  2). 

Observe  in  line  3  the  Apposition  :  and  on  line  6,  see  Exercise 
V.  Stanza  i.  1,  note. 

EXERCISE  XLII.  {same  continued). 

The  Minstrel  fell !  but  the  foeman's  chain 
Could  not  bring  his  proud  soul  under : 

The  harp  he  loved  ne'er  spoke  again, 

For  he  tore  its  chords  asunder, 

And  said  :  “  No  chain  shall  sully  thee,  5 

“  Thou  soul  of  love  and  bravery ! 

“  Thy  songs  were  made  for  the  brave  and  free; 

“  They  shall  never  sound  in  slavery  ! " 

1,2.  The  minstrel  (fidicen)  falls  himself:  but  the  foeman's 
(adj.)  fetters  are  powerless  (non  valeo)  to  subdue  (Poet.  Orn.  7) 
his  breast  (pi.)  that-knows-not-how  to  yield  (vinci).  Some  of 
the  words  will  have  to  be  transposed  here. — 3, 4.  And  the  strains 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


29 


of  the  harp,  which  he  always  loved,  were  hushed  :  for  he  broke  and 
tore-asunder  (Poet.  Orn.X.  b.)  the  broken  strings. — 5,6.  “Nochain 
shall  ever  sully  (violo)  thy  honours,”  said  he,  “  thou  source  alike 
of  bravery  (virtus)  and  of  love. — 7,  8.  The  brave  man  for  him¬ 
self,  the  free  man  for  himself  claims  those  strains  (carmen),  not 
to-be-produced  (referendus)  by  a  servile  hand !” — Repeat  “those.” 

Observe,  in  line  6,  that  “soul”  is  not  literally  translated. 
Also,  how,  in  line  7,  the  men  are  put  for  the  abstract  qualities. 

EXERCISE  XLIII.  ( Sir  W.  Scott). 

Soldier,  rest !  thy  warfare  o'er. 

Sleep  the  sleep  that  knows  not  breaking ; 

Dream  of  battled  fields  no  more, 

Days  of  danger,  nights  of  waking. 

In  our  isle's  enchanted  hall  5 

Hands  unseen  thy  couch  are  strewing  : 

Fairy  strains  of  music  fall, 

Every  sense  in  slumber  dewing. 

1,  2.  Soldier,  take  thy  rest,  the  contest  being-o’er  (positus) : 
lie  down  o’erpowered  (Voc.,  Part  11.  Ex.  XXY.  2),  with  unbroken 
(imperturbatus)  sleep. — 3,  4.  Do  not  (Aids  1.  c)  in  thy  slum¬ 
bers  (per  somnos)  picture  (fingo)  to  thyself  battles  of  Mars, 
watchings  by-night,  and  days  not  without  danger  ( nec  sine 
fraude). — 5,  6.  A  (nescioquis)  right-hand  unseen  (clam)  is  strew¬ 
ing  thy  couch  in  the  hall,  where  [our]  enchanted  (daedalus)  home 
rises  from  the  midst  of  the  waters. — 7,  8.  Meanwhile  a  drowsy 
(somnifer)  dew  steals -o’er  each  sense,  whilst  fairy  (magicus) 
murmurs  fall  on  every  side  (ex  omni  parte). 

Observe  in  line  6  how  “island”  is  expressed.  “Insula”  is 
very  seldom  available,  and  this  phrase,  or  a  similar  one,  will  be 
found  useful  to  remember. 

EXERCISE  XLIV.  (same  continued). 

Soldier,  rest !  thy  warfare  o'er. 

Dream  of  fighting-fields  no  more ; 

Sleep  the  sleep  that  knows  not  breaking. 

Morn  of  toil,  nor  night  of  waking. 


30  EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


No  rude  sound  shall  reach,  thine  ear,  5 

Armour's  clang,  or  war- steed  champing ; 

Trump  nor  pibroch  summon  here 

Mustering  clan,  or  squadron  tramping. 

1.  See  Exercise  XLIII.  line  1. — 2.  Cf.  Exercise  XLIII.  line  3; 
and  see  Aids  i.  c. — 3,  4.  Take,  come,  take  the  rest  which  knows- 
not  how  to  he  broken  (violo)  :  far  be  (sit  procul)  the  sleepless 
night,  the  toilsome  day. — 5,  6.  Here  the  clang  of  arms  shall  not 
reach  (penetro — Poet.  Orn.  b)  thy  (tibi)  ears  :  here  the  charger 
(sonipes)  shall  not  chafe  while  he  champs  (premo)  the  bits 
(lupus1)  in  his  mouth. — 7,  8.  No  (Aids  n.  1)  pibroch  (buccina) 
shall  summon  the  assembling  peoples  ;  the  prancing  squadron 
(ala)  shall  not  give-the-signal  (cano)  on  the  hoarse  trumpet. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  verb  in  line  3  (Poet.  Orn.  f  2). 

EXERCISE  XLV.  {same  continued). 

Yet  the  lark's  shrill  fife  may  come, 

At  the  daybreak,  from  the  fallow ; 

And  the  bittern  sound  his  drum, 

Booming  from  the  sedgy  shallow. 

Ruder  sounds  shall  none  be  near ;  5 

Guards  nor  warders  challenge  here  : 

Here's  no  war-steed's  neigh  and  champing, 
Shouting  clans,  or  squadrons  stamping. 

1,  2.  (These  lines  must  be  almost  entirely  transposed.)  But 
still,  perchance,  under  the  morning  (Eous)  sun  the  fallow  field 
may-bring  (referat)  to  thee  the  lark’s  shrill  song. — 3,  4.  And 
the  heron  may-croak  (crepo)  its  booming  drum-notes  (gravis 
tinnitus)  with  hoarse  beak,  where  it  chants  the  signal  amid  the 
marshy  waters. — 5,  6.  Every  sound  is  soft  (nil  non  lene  sonat. 
Aids  n.  1)  :  [there  are]  no  warders  on  the  threshold.  The  guard 
asks  not,  “Whither  now,  and  whence,  stranger?” — 7,  8.  The 
horse  neighs  not  here,  nor  champs  (mando)  the  bit  (pi.) :  the 
cohort’s  shout  is-absent ;  no  hoof  tramples  the  plains. 

Observe  that  the  actual  words  of  the  challenge  are  given  in  line  6. 


1  Cf.  Ov.  Tr  ,iv  6.  4.  Et  placido  duros  accipit  ore  lupoa. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


3i 


EXERCISE  XLVI.  (Watts). 

O  God,  our  help  in  ages  past, 

Our  hope  for  years  to  come, 

Our  shelter  from  life's  stormy  blast, 

And  our  Eternal  home. 

Beneath  the  shadow  of  Thy  throne 
Thy  saints  have  dwelt  secure  : 

Sufficient  is  Thine  arm  alone, 

And  our  defence  is  sure. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Our  protection  long  ago  (olim)  through  years 
gone  by ;  our  only  hope,  0  God,  of  time  to-come  (part,  in  -rus). — 
3,  4.  We  seek  Thee  as  our  harbour,  when-tossed  by  life’s  stormy- 
blast  (turbo) ;  Thou  [art]  our  home  indestructible  (non  periturus) 
by  eternity  (seterna  dies). 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Where  Thy  seat  o’ershadows  the  earth,  under 
that  seat  may  (liceat)  the  pious  always  enjoy  peace,  as  hereto¬ 
fore. — 3,  4.  If  only  (modo,  with  suhj.)  Thou  he  at- hand,  what 
may  not  Thy  right  hand  [do]  ?  Thou  [art]  our  defence  (castra) 
inviolable  (non  violandus)  by  the  hostile  hand. 

EXERCISE  XLVI I.  (same  continued). 

Before  the  hills  in  order  stood, 

Or  earth  received  her  frame, 

From  everlasting  Thou  art  God, 

To  endless  years  the  same. 

A  thousand  ages  in  Thy  sight 
Are  like  an  evening  gone ; 

Short  as  the  watch  that  ends  the  night. 
Before  the  rising  sun. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Not-yet  were  the  hills  standing  each  in  (ex) 
his  own  order ;  not-yet  had  the  earth  been  brought  (redactus) 
into  her  own  shape. — 3,  4.  Yet  Thou,  God  immortal,  art  from 


32 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


the  first  age ;  Thou  remainest  the  same  without  end  (fine  carens) 
for  ever  (in  omne  tempus). 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  In  Thy  sight  (Eth.  Dat.  Aids  v.)  a  thousand 
ages  pass  with  swift  flight,  just  as  (haud  secus  ac)  an  evening 
is-wont  to  pass  (Poet.  Orn.  y). — 3,  4.  And  just  as  (qualis)  flies 
the  hour  bordering  on  (confinis)  departing  (iturus)  night,  before 
that  (ante — quam)  the  rising  sun  has  sent  his  steeds  beneath 
the  yoke  (pi.). 

EXERCISE  XLVIII.  {same  continued). 

Time,  like  an  ever-rolling  stream. 

Bears  all  its  sons  away  : 

They  fly  forgotten,  as  a  dream 
Dies  at  the  opening  day. 

O  God,  onr  help  in  ages  past, 

Our  hope  for  years  to  come  : 

Be  Thou  our  guide,  while  life  shall  last, 

And  our  Eternal  home. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Even  as  (veluti)  a  river  rolls-down  with  cease¬ 
less  (assiduus,  Virg.  iEn.  v.  866)  waves  ;  Time  hurries-away 
both  himself  and  his  children  (suos)  headlong,  (in  praeceps). — 
3,  4.  They  fly  unknown, — as  (qualis)  a  phantom  vanishes, 
when  the  opening  (primus),  and  yet  not  risen,  day  gives  its 
light. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  See  Exercise  XLYI.  1,  2. — 3,  4.  Always  be- 
present  as  our  guardian,  while  life  shall  remain  :  Be  (sis)  our 
eternal  home.  See  Exercise  XLYI.  Stanza  i.  4. 

Observe  Stanza  i.  4.  This  will  be  found  a  useful  line  to 
remember. 

EXERCISE  XLIX.  (T.  Moore). 

There's  a  bower  of  roses  by  Bendemeer's  stream. 

And  the  nightingale  sings  round  it  all  the  day 
long : 

In  the  time  of  my  childhood  'twas  like  a  sweet  dream 

To  sit  in  the  roses  and  hear  the  bird's  song. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


33 


That  bower  and  its  music  I  never  forget ; 

But  oft,  when  alone  in  the  bloom  of  the  year, 

I  think, — Is  the  nightingale  singing  there  yet  ? 

Are  the  roses  still  bright  by  the  calm  Bendemeer  ? 

Stanza  i.  1, 2.  By  (ad)  the  banks  of  the  Phasis  rose-bowers  (loca 
plena  rosarum)  bloom,  where  the  nightingale  sings  all  the  day 
long  (nullo  non  die). — 3,  4.  Once  amid  the  songs  of  the  bird, 
and  amid  the  rose-gardeps  (rosarium),  sweet  dreams  appeared 
to  me  in-my -childhood  (tener). — Remember  that  this  is  a  girl's 
song. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  And  e’en  now  (Aids  in.),  whilst  I  meditate 
alone  at  (sub)  the  bloom  of  the  year  (vernus  annus) ;  the  bower 
(umbra)  and  the  melody  return  into  my  mind. — 3,  4.  Does  the 
nightingale  still  (hodie)  sing  in  its  wonted  coverts  P  has  (est-ne, 
see  Exercise  XXI Y.  3)  the  flower  its  former  (Aids  i.  g) 
bloom  P  I  ask. 

Observe  the  expression  “  nullo  non  die.”  In  Stanza  n.  1,  2, 
observe  the  transposition  of  the  English. 


EXERCISE  L.  ( same  continued). 

No,  the  roses  soon  wither'd  that  hung  o'er  the  wave; 
But  some  blossoms  were  gather'd  while  freshly 
they  shone. 

And  a  dew  was  distill' d  from  the  flowers,  that  gave 
All  the  fragrance  of  Summer,  when  Summer  was 
gone. 


Thus  Memory  draws  from  delight,  ere  it  dies. 

An  essence  that  breathes  of  it  many  a  year ; 

Thus  bright  to  my  soul,  as  'twas  then  to  my  eyes. 

Is  that  bower  on  the  banks  of  the  calm  Bendemeer. 


Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Alas  !  the  wave  is-strewn  with  fading  leaves  ; 
hut  of  these  A  quantity  was  gathered,  while  the  roses  shone- 
fresh. — 3,  4.  And  the  pleasing  odours  which  the  crushed  bud 
(calyx)  distilled,  bring-back  Summer,  though  (licet,  Aids  vii.  3) 
it  is  gone  (actus). 


D 


34 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Thus  a  degree  of  pleasure  (aliquid  lseti), 
snatched  in  (inter)  the  midst  of  delights,  is-wont  to  live  for-aye 
in  the  mindful  heart. — 3,  4.  And,  as  it  was  bright  (rideo)  to  my 
eyes  near  the  waters  of  the  calm  Phasis,  so  the  former  (priscus) 
charm  of  the  spot  is-bright  to  my  soul. 

Observe  that  “essence”  is  not  translated;  the  sense  is  given 
in  “  aliquid  lseti.” — The  genitive  is  often  used  after  neuter  adjec¬ 
tives,  or  pronouns,  expressing  quantity,  as  “  multum,”  “  tan- 
tum,”  “  nihil,”  &c. 

EXERCISE  LI. 

The  sun  upon  the  lake  is  low. 

The  wild  birds  hush  their  song ; 

The  hills  have  Evening’s  deepest  glow; — 

Yet  Leonard  tarries  long. 

Now  all  whom  varied  toil  and  care  5 

From  home  and  love  divide, 

In  the  calm  sunset  may  repair, 

Each  to  the  loved  one’s  side. 

1,  2.  Behold  the  sinking  (pronus,  comparative)  sun  is-low 
(incuho)  upon  the  surface  of  the  lake’s  waters ;  The  wild  (silves- 
tris)  choirs  of  birds  are-hushed. — 3,  4.  The  shades  of  Evening, 
deeper  (major)  than  usual,  tinge  the  heights ;  Protesilaus  tarries 
long — (duco  moras  longas).  See  Aids  vi.  b. — 5,  6.  All  ye  whom 
(si  quos)  the  succession  (series)  of  cares,  and  varied  toils,  compel 
to  go  far  (longius)  from  your  dear  home ; — 7,  8.  While  mild 
Phoebus  tempers  his  setting  tires,  repair  to  (tendo  in)  embraces, 
each  with  his  mate  (par).  See  Exercise  II.  Stanza  i.  2. 

Observe  the  elegant  use  of  the  comparatives  “  pronior  ”  and 
“longius.”  Also  observe  how  the  superlative  “deepest”  is 
expressed. 

EXERCISE  LII.  (same  continued). 

Now  to  tbeir  mates  the  wild  swans  row. 

By  day  they  swam  apart ; 

And  to  the  thicket  wanders  slow 
The  hind  beside  the  hart. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


35 


The  woodlark  at  his  partners  side  5 

Twitters  his  closing  song ; 

All  meet  whom  care  and  day  divide ; — 

But  Leonard  tarries  long ! 

1,  2.  The  lines  must  be  inverted. — Transl.  “Behold,  the  swan 
(2nd  line)  which  swam  the  whole  day  (acc.  duration  of  time)  in 
lonely  waters,  Everywhere  seeks  his  mate  with-the-oarage-of- 
his-feet”  (remigium,  poetically  applied  to  the  sailing  motion 
of  birds). — 3,  4.  And  whilst  the  stag  repairs  to  (cursu  repeto) 
the  forest  (adj.)  lairs,  The  hind  comes  on,  the  sharer  and  com¬ 
panion  (parsque,  &c.  Aids  in.)  of  his  slow  progress  (via). — 
5,  6.  Meanwhile,  where  his  consort  has  perched  (sedem  pono)  close 
by  (proximus),  The  twittering  (garrulus)  lark  closes  his  last 
strains.- — 7.  Whom  does  not  the  day  now-ended  (actus)  restore 
(do  reducem,  Aids  i.  a)  free  from  care  (curis  solutis,  abl.  abs. 
Cf.  Hor.  C.  i.  xxii.  11.  curis  vagor  expeditis)  ? — 8.  Why  does 
Leonard  tarry  long  p  See  Exercise  LI.  4. 

Observe  in  line  2  the  singular  for  the  plural  “  swans.”  See 
Poet.  Orn.  a.  For  the  Interrogative  form  of  line  7,  see  Exercise 
XXXVII.  4,  note ;  and  Exercise  XL VI.  7. 

EXERCISE  LI II.  {Burns). 

Bright  ran  thy  line,  0  Galloway, 

Through  many  a  far-famed  sire  : — 

So  ran  the  far-famed  Roman  Way, — 

So  ended — in  a  mire  ! 

1,  2.  0  Ponticus,  through  the  far-famed  names  of  many  sires, 
The  line  long  bright  has  run  to  (deducta  est  in)  thee. — 3,  4.  So 
ran  the  road,  far-famed  for  Roman  engineers  (faber) :  so  it 
ended  in  stagnant  mud. 

The  8th  Satire  of  Juvenal,  the  subject  of  which  is  “Virtue  is 
the  only  true  Nobility,”  is  addressed  to  one  Ponticus.  Hence 
the  parallel  to  Galloway. 


36 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LIV.  {Lylye). 

Cupid  and  my  Campaspe  play'd 
At  cards  for  kisses :  Cupid  paid. 

He  stakes  his  quiver,  bow,  and  arrows. 

His  mother's  doves  and  team  of  sparrows ; 

Loses  them  too :  then  down  he  throws  5 

The  coral  of  his  lip,  the  rose 
Growing  on  his  cheek,  but  none  knows  how : 
With  these,  the  crystal  of  his  brow ; 

And  then,  the  dimple  on  his  chin : 

All  these  did  my  Campaspe  win.  10 

At  last  he  set  her  both  his  eyes ; 

She  won,  and  Cupid  blind  did  rise. 

0  Love !  has  she  done  this  to  thee  ? 

What  will,  alas  !  become  of  me  ? 

1,  2.  Love  and  my  Cynthia  were  once  playing  with  dice ; 
vanquished  Love  paid  the  kisses  he-owed  (past  part,  debeo). — 
3,  4.  His  arrows,  and  wagered  (depositus)  bow,  and  Venus’ 
doves,  and  the  team  of  sparrows  (bijugas  aves),  she  victorious 
carries-off  (reporto).— 5,  6.  Soon  the  Paphian  boy  stakes  (jacto) 
his  lips  that  rival  the  coral  (See  Exercise  XXXI.  Stanza  i.  1, 
note).  And  the  rose  which  has  grown  from  his  cheeks,  we  know 
not  whence1  (incertum  est  unde  sit  orta).  The  word  “  rose”  will 
be  in  the  nominative  by  attraction  ;  as  in  Ovid,  “  Sic  tibi  dent 
nymphse  qua levet  unda  sitim.” — 7,  8.  Transpose  thus: — Forth¬ 
with  he  also  stakes  his  twin  dimples  (lacuna),  the  ornament  of 
his  chin,  and  the  colour  which  shines  in  his  fair  face.  “  Crystal  ” 
=  “  fairness.”  Use  attraction ,  as  above. — 9,  10.  At  length  my 
Cynthia  carries  off  his  wagered  eyes :  they  rise  (surgitur)  ;  and 
Love  wanders  blind  (orbus  luce). — 11, 12.  But  if  (sin)  she  has 
bereft  (viduo,  fut.-perf.)  thee  of  thy  eyes,  Cupid,  Tell  me,  what 
(qualis)  destinies  await  unhappy  me  P 
This  Exercise  illustrates  Caution  c.,  and  Aids  ix. ;  i.e.  the 


1  Cf.  Ovid,  Her.  vii.  10.  “  Quasque  ubi  sint  nescis,  Itala  regna 
eequi.”  Virgil,  G.  i.  24,25.  Madvig,  Lat.  Gr.  §  439.  1. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


37 


lines  in  the  translation  are  not  kept  strictly  parallel  with  the 
original,  hut  are  regulated  by  the  sense  ;  the  expression  “  loses 
them  too,”  is  implied  in  the  word  “  infelix the  English  is 
expanded  in  several  instances;  while  the  line,  “All  these  did  my 
Campaspe  win,”  is  fused  with  the  9th  and  part  of  the  10th  line. 
To  have  translated  it  more  fully  would  have  involved  a  useless 
tautology. 


EXERCISE  LV.  {Sir  R.  Steele). 

Haste,  my  reindeer,  let  us  nimbly  go 

Our  amorous  journey  through  this  dreary  waste; 
Haste,  my  reindeer !  still,  still  thou  art  too  slow ; 
Impetuous  love  demands  the  lightning’s  haste. 

Around  us  far  the  rushy  moors  are  spread ; 

Soon  will  the  sun  withdraw  his  cheerful  ray  : 
Darkling  and  tired  we  shall  the  marshes  tread. 

No  lay  unsung  to  cheat  the  tedious  way. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Hasten,  my  (mihi)  reindeer  (dama) :  let  us  fly 
o’er  the  inhospitable  wilds  (tesqua) ;  let  us  speed  our  course 
(corripio  iter),  whither  love  (Venus)  invites  us. — 3,  4.  Hasten, 
my  reindeer :  thou  art  too  slow  (moror. — See  Aids  in.).  Im¬ 
petuous  (acer)  love  demands  the  lightning’s  (adj.)  speed. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  Whithersoever  we  look,  the  pastures  grow- 
dark  with  bulrushes :  Soon  (citius — See  Exercise  LI.,  note)  will 
the  Sun  withdraw  (condo,  Poet.  Orn.  d)  his  genial  ray. — 3,  4. 
Under  the  dark  (piceus)  night  the  marshes  must  be  traversed 
by  [us]  weary ;  and  no  songs  shall  fail-to-beguile  ( nec  nullus 
fallo)  the  long  way. 

Observe  the  turning  of  “  our  amorous  journey.” 

EXERCISE  LVI.  {same  continued ). 

The  watery  length  of  these  unjoy ous  moors 
Does  all  the  meadows’  flowery  pride  excel  $ 
Through  these  I  fly  to  her  my  soul  adores : 

Ye  flowery  meadows,  empty  pride,  farewell. 


38 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


Each  moment  from  the  charmer  Fm  confined 

My  breast  is  tortured  with  impatient  fires ; 

Fly,  my  reindeer;  fly  swifter  than  the  wind,  5 

Thy  tardy  feet  wing  with  my  fierce  desires. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  These  wilds,  places  gloomy  with  wide  swamps 
(stagnum),  Excel  all  the  flowery  pride  (decor)  the  meadows  have 
(Aids  1.  h). — “  excel,”  in  line  1. — 3,  4.  By  this  way  (hac)  I 
hasten  (plural,  Poet.  Orn.  a)  [my]  rapid  course  to  my  darling 
(amores)  :  farewell  (valeas),  flower  and  empty  pride  of  the 
meadows. 

Stanza  11.  1,  2.  Whilst  tedious  (longus)  delay  forbids  me  to 
visit  the  absent  maid,  my  breast  (plural)  is-pained  (doleo) 
with  impatient  (part,  reluctor)  fire. — 3,  4.  Fly,  my  reindeer ; 
fly,  swifter  than  the  East- winds ;  so  (Aids  vn.  8)  let  my  flame 
urge  on  thy  sluggish  feet. 

Observe  the  turning  of  “her  my  soul  adores.” — “delicise,” 
“voluptas,”  “lux,”  “vita,”  &c.,  are  similarly  used. — Also  observe 
the  j East  wind  used  by  Synecdoche  for  any  wind.  Cf.  Exercise 
IY.  18,  note. 

EXE RC I SE  LVI I .  ( same  continued). 

Our  pleasing  toil  will  then  be  soon  overpaid. 

And  thou,  in  wonder  lost,  shalt  view  my  fair. 
Admire  each  feature  of  the  lovely  maid. 

Her  artless  charms,  her  bloom,  her  sprightly  air. 

1,  2.  Soon  shalt  thou  joyously  (adj.)  wonder  at  the  loved 
maiden;  soon  shalt  thou  have  (fero)  pleasure  (gaudium,  pi.), 
the  great  rewards  of  [our]  toil. — 3,  4.  Soon  shalt  thou  gaze- 
upon  her  form  and  snow-white  complexion  (color),  and  the 
grace  which  shines  with  chaste  artlessness  (simplicitas).  See 
Exercise  LIY.  6,  8,  note. 

Observe  the  apposition  in  line  2. 

EXERCISE  LVI  1 1.  ( Longfellow ). 

Beside  the  ungather’d  rice  he  lay. 

His  sickle  in  his  hand; 


39 


* EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


His  breast  was  bare,  bis  matted  hair 
Was  buried  in  tbe  sand. 

Again,  in  tbe  mist  and  shadow  of  sleep,  5 
He  saw  bis  native  land. 

1,  2.  The  slave  rested  stretched  beside  (ad)  the  ungathered 
(intonsus)  rice :  and  his  sickle,  just  as  it  was,  lies  pointing- 
upward  (resupinus)  in  his  right-hand. — 3,  4.  His  bare  breast 
(pi.)  lies-exposed  (pateo)  :  and  his  hair  streaming  all-disordered 
(fusus  sine  ordine)  is-soiled  (sordeo)  half-buried  in  the  sandy 
ground. — 5,  6.  Again  through  the  darkness  under  the  dim 
phantom  (dubius  imago)  of  sleep,  he  jsees  the  sweet  fields  of 
his  fatherland. 

Observe  the  use  of  the  Historic  present. 

EXERCISE  LIX.  (same  continued). 

Wide  through  tbe  landscape  of  bis  dreams 
Tbe  lordly  Niger  flow'd  : 

Beneath  tbe  palm-trees  on  tbe  plains 
Once  more  a  king  be  strode ; 

And  beard  tbe  tinkling  caravans  5 

Descend  tbe  mountain  road. 

He  could  see  (cernere  erat)  in  (per)  his  dreams  the  wide  land¬ 
scape  (species  rerum),  where  the  lordly  (maximus)  Niger  was- 
flowing  (eo)  with  brimming  (effusus)  waters. — 3,  4.  Again 
he-strode  (incedo,  imperf.)  a  king  through  his  ancestral  (avitus) 
plains,  where  many  a  (plurimus)  palm  shaded  (imperf.  tego)  the 
familiar  (notus)  road. — 5,  6.  And  the  waggons,  whilst  they 
descend  from  the  sloping  (pronus)  path  of  the  mountain,  tinkled 
(Aids  I.  a)  in  long  line  (ordine  continuatus). 

Observe  the  expression  “  species  rerum.”  It  will  often  serve  to 
translate  “view,”  “landscape,”  “nature,”  &c. — Also  observe 
how  the  word  “  caravans  ”  is  expanded. 


40 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LX.  ( same  continued) . 

He  saw  once  more  his  dark-eyed  queen 
Among  her  children  stand  ; 

They  clasp’d  his  neck,  they  kiss’d  his  cheeks, 
They  held  him  by  the  hand. — 

A  tear  burst  from  the  sleeper’s  lids  5 

And  fell  into  the  sand. 

1,  2.  His  royal  wife  smiles  on  him  (subrideo)  with  dark-blue 
Icseruleus)  eyes,  Visible  (conspiciendus)  amongst  her  offspring. — 
3,  4.  Now  they  lightly-touch  his  lips  (oscula  libo),  now  (modo 
they  entwine  his  neck  (pi.)  with  their  arms,  now  they  are  eager 
(certo)  to  link  (consero.  Poet.  Orn.  y)  his  hands  in  theirs.  The 
word  “  manus  ”  is  to  be  used  twice. — 5,  6.  His  closed  eyelids 
quiver  with  the  starting  (subitus)  moisture  (adspergo),  and  a 
dropped  tear  falls  in  the  midst  of  the  dust. 


EXERCISE  LXI.  {same  continued). 

And  then  at  furious  speed  he  rode 
Along  the  Niger’s  bank; 

His  bridle-reins  were  golden  chains. 

And  with  a  martial  clank. 

At  each  bound  he  could  feel  his  scabbard  of 
steel  5 

Smiting  his  stallion’s  flank. 

1,  2.  Forthwith  he  seemed  to  ride  at  furious  speed  (immissis 
habenis,  abl.  abs.) :  Along  (per)  the  Niger’s  banks  he  sped  his 
headlong  course. — Express  the  “  headlong  ”  by  the  verb. — 3,  4. 
Golden  (auro  factus)  chains  serve  for  (See  Exercise  XXIV.  1) 
reins  ;  And  his  Martial  weapons  clank  (crepo)  with  military 
(castrensis)  sound. — 5,  6.  And  whilst  he  bounds  away  (abit 
exsultans),  he  feels  with  what  a  blow  his  iron  scabbard  strikes 
(subj.)  the  flanks  (costa)  of  his  high-mettled  (ardens)  steed. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


41 


EXERCISE  LXII.  {same  continued). 

Before  him,  like  a  blood-red  flag, 

The  bright  flamingoes  flew; 

From  morn  till  night  he  follow’d  their  flight 
O’er  plains  where  the  tamarind  grew, 

Till  he  saw  the  roofs  of  the  Caffre  huts,  5 

And  the  ocean  rise  in  view. 

1,  2.  Just  as  (haud  secus  ac)  the  purple  of  a  red  banner 
waves,  Before  his  eyes  fly  the  ibises,  a  bright  band. — 3,  4.  He 
follows  their  course  o’er  the  plains,  places  planted  with  plane-trees. 
As  day  dawns  (abl.  abs.)  he  presses  on  their  flight,  [and]  as  it 
wanes  (cado).  Observe  the  apposition  in  line  3  ;  and  repeat  the 
“  lux  ”  in  line  4. — 5,  6.  At  length  he  views  (prospecto)  the  roofs  of 
Moorish  cottages  ;  and  the  wave  of  the  boundless  sea  stretches 
out  (pandor)  afar. 

With  line  2  compare  Exercise  Y.  1,  note. 

EXERCISE  LXII I.  {same  continued). 

At  night  he  heard  the  lion  roar, 

And  the  hyena  scream. 

And  the  river-horse,  as  he  crush’d  the  reeds 
Beside  some  hidden  stream  : 

And  it  pass’d  like  a  glorious  roll  of  drums,  5 
Through  the  triumph  of  his  dream. 

j  t 

1,  2.  He  heard  the  lions  prowling-by-night  (nocturnus)  with 
awful  roar  (vox)  ;  and  various  wild  beasts  screamed  (confremo) 
around  him  (Poet.  Orn.  a). — 3,  4.  A  crash  is  made,  as  the  river- 
horse  (bellua)  breaks-through  the  trampled  (stratus)  bulrushes, 
Where  the  hidden  river  steals-along  (serpo)  with  silent  waters. — 
5,  6.  And  in  his  slumbers  there  came  an  Echo  and  mingled  dins 
(tumultus),  Just  as  (qualis,  agreeing  with  the  noun)  the  course 
of  some  passing  triumph  (pompa)  sounds. 

Observe  the  use  of  “nocturnus.”  See  Aids  iv.  a.  In  line  3  there 
is  an  instance  of  Prolepsis ,  by  which  a  thing  is  represented  as 


42 


EXERCISES  IN’  LA  TIN  VERSE 


already  done,  though  it  is  really  a  consequence  of  the  action 
of  the  verb.  Compare  Virgil,  iEn.  iii.  237,  “Scuta  latentia 
condunt i.  e.  “  condunt  scuta  (coo-re  dvai)  latentia.”  Cf.  Hood 
Dream  of  Eugene  Aram. 

“  Anon  I  cleansed  my  bloody  hands, 

And  wash'd  my  forehead  cool.” 

EXERCISE  LX IV.  ( same  continued). 

The  forests,  with  their  myriad  tongues, 

Shouted  of  Liberty ; 

And  the  blast  of  the  desert  cried  aloud, 

With  a  voice  so  wild  and  free, 

That  he  started  in  his  sleep,  and  smiled  5 

At  their  tempestuous  glee. 

1,  2.  “  Thou  shalt  be  free,”  shout  the  woods  with  many  a 
(non  unus)  murmur ;  a  thousand  murmurs  re-echo  (gemino) 
together,  “  thou  shalt  be  free  !  ”  See  Aids  n.  1. — 3,  4.  The  deserts 
(avia,  n.  pi.)  on  every  side  resound  with  accordant  (non  alius, 
Aids  ii.  1),  shrieks ;  and  the  wild  (bacchor,  part.)  blasts  (Notus, 
see  Exercise  LVI.  note)  rave  through  the  lonely  places. — 5, 6.  He 
shuddered  in  his  slumbers  :  and,  whilst  the  rollicking  (protervus) 
tempests  sport,  a  smile  is-settled  (sedeo)  on  his  face  (Aids  v.). 

Observe  the  turning  of  “  Liberty  and  the  expansion  of  the 
English. — Also,  how  the  sense  is  in  every  case  made  to  end 
with  the  Pentameter.  See  Caution  c. 

EXERCISE  LXV.  ( same  continued). 

He  did  not  feel  the  driver's  whip, 

Nor  the  burning  beat  of  day ; 

For  death  had  illumined  the  land  of  sleep, 

And  his  lifeless  body  lay 

A  worn-out  fetter,  that  the  soul  5 

Had  broken  and  thrown  away! 

1,  2.  In  vain  does  the  driver  (custos)  threaten  the  lashes  of 
his  whip  (scutica)  ;  the  scorching  day  hurts  him  not  (nil)  with 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


43 


all  its  fire. — 3,  4.  Libitina  had  at  length  shone-upon  (illucesco) 
the  shores  of  Lethe  (adj.).  He  himself  lies  a  lifeless  (inanis) 
body  on  the  dry  ground. — 5,  6.  For*  his  soul  (anima),  having 
burst  the  link  (compago,  abl.  abs.)  of  its  worn-out  (effetus) 
chain,  had  taken  its  flight  to  heaven  (carpo  setheream  viam)  when 
set  at  liberty.  Aids  i.  b. 

EXERCISE  LXVI.  ( Tannahill ). 

The  midges  dance  aboon  the  burn. 

The  dews  begin  to  fa*. 

The  pairtricks  down  the  rushy  holm 
Set  up  their  e'ening  ca\ 

Now  loud  and  clear  the  blackbird's  sang  5 
Rings  through  the  briery  shaw. 

While  flitting  gay  the  swallows  play 
Around  the  castle  wa'. 

1,  2.  Now  the  gnats  dance  (circumsilio)  on  the  brink  of  the 
brook ;  the  surface  of  the  ground  grows- wet  with  the  fresh- 
fallen  dew  (recens  lapsus).  Observe  that  “  recens  ”  is  used  ad¬ 
verbially ,  as  in  Virgil,  G.  iii.  156. — 3,  4.  Now  the  fallows 
resound  with  the  evening  partridge  (Aids  IV.  a),  Whilst  it  calls 
its  mate  among  the  rushy  fields. — 5,  6.  Here  the  blackbird  has 
redoubled  its  song  with  clear-sounding  throat,  [a  song]  with 
which  the  grove  and  the  thick  brambles  1  have  rung-again  (con- 
sono). — 7,  8.  Here  the  swallow  plays,  tenant  (cultrix)  of  the 
embattled  (turritus)  wall;  and  gaily  (liber,  adj.)  pursues  her 
course  (urgeo  iter)  with  ceaseless  circuits. 

EXERCISE  LXVII.  (same  continued'). 

Beneath  the  golden  gloamin'  sky. 

The  mavis  mends  her  lay ; 

The  redbreast  pours  his  sweetest  strains 
To  charm  the  lingering  day : 

1  Hendiadys.  See  App.  p.  140. 


44 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


While  weary  yeldrins  seem  to  wail  5 

Their  little  nestlings  torn, 

The  merry  wren,  frae  den  to  den, 

Gaes  jinking  through  the  thorn. 

1,  2.  Meanwhile,  at  eventide  (sub  vespere)  the  thrush  mends 
(reparo)  its  lays,  When  the  departing  (moriturus)  light  is  shining 
in  the  gilded  sky  (polus). — 3,  4.  And  the  red-breast  (line  4)  be¬ 
guiles  the  lingering  day  with  all  its  sweetness. — 5,  6.  Next  (inde), 
where  the  wailing  yeldrin  mourns  with  weary  (languidulus) 
mouth  her  callow  (tener)  offspring  and  torn  nest  (penates). 
Transpose  these  lines. — 7,  8.  The  goldfinch,  rejoicing  to  play 
through  the  midst  of  the  thickets,  Roving  (devius)  goes  up  and 
down  (itque  reditque.  Aids  in.)  the  leafy  paths. 

Observe  the  Hendiadys  in  line  5.  Compare  Exercise 
XXXIY.  note. 

EXERCISE  LXVIII.  {same  continued). 

The  roses  fanld  their  silken  leaves. 

The  fox-glove  shuts  its  bell; 

The  honey- suckle  and  the  birk 

Spread  fragrance  through  the  dell. 

Let  others  crowd  the  giddy  court  6 

Of  mirth  and  revelry; 

The  simple  joys  that  Nature  yields 
Are  dearer  far  to  me. 

1,  2.  The  closed  fox-glove  hath  shut  (contraho)  its  pendent 
buds,  And  the  roses  have  folded  (corapono)  their  downy  leaves  ; 
— 3,  4.  The  honeysuckle  sheds  its  perfumes  throughout  the 
vale  (valle  tota),  Nor  is  the  pleasing  birch’s  fragrance  (aura,  pi.) 
wanting.  (Aids  vi.). — 5,  6.  Let  others  seek  the  empty  joys  of 
the  regal  palace  (tectum),  And  enter  the  crowded  (celeber) 
banquets,  a  giddy  (jocosus)  throng. — 7,  8.  Though  (licet)  they 
are  simple  (arte  careo),  nevertheless,  simple  as  they  are  (part.), 
to  my  heart  The  joys  of  nature  [are]  more  to  be  prized  (pluris 
habendus — pluris,  gen.  of  value)- 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


45 


EXERCISE  LXIX. 

A  steed,  a  steed,  of  matchless  speed, 

A  sword  of  metal  keen  : 

All  else  to  noble  hearts  is  dross, 

All  else  on  earth  is  mean. 

The  neighing  of  the  war-horse  proud,  5 

The  rolling  of  the  drum, 

The  clangour  of  the  trumpet  loud, 

Be  sounds  from  heaven  that  come. 

And  oh  !  the  thundering  press  of  knights, 
When  as  their  war-cries  swell,  10 

May  toll  from  heaven  an  angel  bright, 

Or  rouse  a  fiend  from  hell ! 

1,  2.  Be  ours  (sit.  Exercise  XXIV.,  note)  a  steed  (ungula.  See 
Exercise  V.  note)  of  matchless  speed  (prsestans  cursu.  Turn 
according  to  Aids  i.  f) : — And  arms  not  blunted  by  corroding 
(mordax)  rust. — 3,  4.  Nought  else  do  we  desire  :  to  the  noble  all 
else  (csetera,  n.  pi.)  is-vile  (sordeo) :  All  else  has  naught  by  which 
the  brave  may  be  charmed  (capio). — 5,  6.  Therefore  when  the 
spirited  war-horse  (sonipes)  has  neighed  loud  (fremo  hinnitibus), 
and  the  beaten  drums  (tympanum)  wake  deep-sounding  echoes, 
(gravis  mugitus) : —  7,  8.  Whilst  the  clarion  resounds  with  loud 
clangour  through  the  air,  We  thence  perceive  (Poet.  Orn.  (3)  a 
heaven-sent  (non  nisi  divinus)  melody. — 9, 10.  Again,  Aids  vii. 
10),  when  the  knights  have  thundered  with  closed  (coactus) 
squadrons,  and  the  swelling  cry  (vox  geminata)  of  fighting  men 
arises, — 11,  12.  Perhaps  an  angel  (cselicola)  may  come  drawn- 
down  from  the  heavenly  regions,  or  a  shade  may  abandon  the 
Stygian  abodes. 

Observe  “cselicola,”  “umbra,”  for  “angel,”  “fiend.” — Angelas 
and  dcemon  belong  to  Ecclesiastical,  not  Classical  Latin. 

EXERCISE  LXX.  {same  continued). 

Then  mount,  tben  mount,  brave  gallants  all, 
And  don  your  helms  amain  : 

Death's  couriers.  Fame  and  Honour,  call 
Us  to  the  field  again. 


46 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


No  shrewish  tears  shall  fill  our  eye  5 

When  the  sword-hilFs  in  our  hand  : 
Heart-whole  weTl  part,  and  no  whit  sigh 
For  the  fairest  in  the  land. 

Let  piping  swain,  and  craven  wight,  # 

Thus  weep  and  puling  cry  :  10 

Our  business  is  like  men  to  fight. 

And  like  to  heroes  die. 

1.  Come  (eja),  mount  your  steeds  cheerily  (animis,  Virgil, 
iEn.  xi.  438),  my  brave  gallants  (generosa  juventus. — Remem¬ 
ber  that  “juventus”  is  a  noun  of  number). — 2.  Don  (sumo)  amain 
(certatim)  each  his  helmet.  See  Exercise  II.  2,  note. — 3,  4.  Lo 
Honour  (Pudor),  as  well  as  (Exercise  IX.  3)  Glory,  again  calls  us 
to  warfare  (Mars),  each  of  them  the  messenger  of  Death.  See 
Exercise  XIV.  Stanza  n.  3,  4. — 5,  6.  For  none  shall  his  eyes 
swell  with  womanish  weeping,  when  the  hilt  has  to  be  grasped 
(erit  corripiendus)  in  his  right  hand. — 7,  8.  But  heart-whole 
(vacuus)  we  will  go ;  nor  will  we  ever  sigh,  if  any  (si  qua)  girl 
excel  the  bands  of  virgins  (adj.). — 9, 10.  So  let  the  unwarlike  boy, 
so  let  the  shepherd  on  his  rustic  reed,  vie  in  lamenting  (perf.  inf.) 
with  tearful  measures. — 11,  12.  It  remains  for  us,  my  comrades, 
to  fight  like  (more,  with  gen.)  men :  It  remains  [for  us]  to  die 
like  (more  modo-que)  heroes. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  “  restat.”  Poet.  Orn.  ( ;  and  the 
pleonasm  in  “  more  modoque .” 

EXERCISE  LXXI.  (Burns). 

How  pleasant  the  banks  of  the  clear-winding  Devon 
Witb  green- spreading  bushes  and  flowers  bloom¬ 
ing  fair ! 

But  the  bonniest  flower  on  the  banks  of  the  Devon 
Was  once  a  sweet  bud  on  the  braes  of  the  Ayr. 

Mild  be  the  Sun  on  this  sweet -blushing  flower. 

In  the  gay  rosy  morn  as  it  bathes  in  the  dew ; 
And  gentle  the  fall  of  the  soft  vernal  shower. 

That  steals  on  the  evening  each  leaf  to  renew. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


47 


Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Amid  how  pleasant  banks,  clear  Devona, 
Thou-windest  (serpo),  where  the  flower  blooms  for  thee,  the 
wood  is-green  (Poet.  Orn.  a). — 3,  4.  Yet  the  Ayr  (Ara)  brought- 
forth  on  its  slopes  once  upon  a  time  the  hud  (gemma)  which 
alone  (unus)  outshines  thy  flowers. — These  lines  must  he 
transposed.  “  Tamen  ”  belongs  to  line  3. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  May  the  Sun  kindly  (almus)  behold  this 
sweetly-blushing  bud  (calyx),  When  the  dewy  dawn  goes-forth 
with  purple  steeds. — 3,  4.  And  ye,  0  vernal  showers,  descend 
gently, — renewed  by  which  (queis)  in  the  silent  evening  the 
leaf  shines-fresh  (niteo). 


EXERCISE  LXXII.  {same  continued). 

0  spare  the  dear  blossom,  ye  Orient  breezes. 

With  chill  hoary  wing  as  ye  usher  the  dawn ! 

And  far  be  thou  distant,  thou  reptile,  that  seizes 
The  verdure  and  pride  of  the  garden  and  lawn  ! 

Let  Bourbon  exult  in  his  gay  gilded  lilies. 

And  England  triumphant  display  her  proud  rose ; 

A  fairer  than  either  adorns  the  green  valleys. 
Where  Devon,  sweet  Devon,  meandering  flows. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Spare,  I  pray,  the  tender  flower,  thou  breeze, 
which  chill  with  hoary  (pruinosus)  wing  art-present  as  the  h  ar 
binger  (nuntia)  of  dawn. — “Aura”  belongs  to  line  2. — 3,  4.  And 
far  he-thou,  O  adder,  which  ravagest  with  destructive  (rapax) 
tooth,  all  the  pride  (honor)  that  the  gardens  have,  all  that  the 
field  [has].  See  Aids  i.  h.  % 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Let  the  Bourbon  (Borbonicus)  kings  boast 
(jacto)  their  golden  lilies ;  exulting  (lsetus)  England  (Anglia), 
display  thy  triumphal  roses. — 3,  4.  A  fairer  flow’ret  than  these, 
methinks,  (mihi,  Ethic  Eat.  Aids  v.)  adorns  the  green  wood¬ 
lands  (saltus),  Here  where  sweet  Dev<5na  meanders  (ago 
maeandros). 


48 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LXXIII.  (Sir  W.  Scott). 

They  dug  his  grave  e’en  where  he  lay, 

But  every  mark  is  gone  : 

Time’s  wasting  hand  has  done  away 
The  simple  cross  of  Sybil  Gray, 

And  broke  her  font  of  stone  :  5 

But  yet  out  from  the  little  hill 
Oozes  the  slender  springlet  still : 

Oft  halts  the  stranger  there  ; 

For  thence  may  best  his  curious  eye 
The  memorable  field  descry  ;  10 

And  shepherd  boys  repair 
To  seek  the  water-flag  and  rush, 

And  rest  them  by  the  hazel-bush. 

And  plait  their  garlands  fair  : 

Nor  deem  they  sit  upon  the  grave  15 

That  holds  the  bones  of  Marmion  brave. 

1,  2.  They  laid  the  chief,  where  he  fell,  in  the  hollowed 
ground.  Dost  thou  seek  for  traces  (signum)  of  the  spot  ?  none 
remain  left. — 3 — 5.  Destructive  time  (damnosa  dies)  has  done 
away  (deleo)  the  memorials  of  Sibylla ;  and  the  fragments  of 
the  sacred  marble  lie  here-and-there  (rarus). — 6 — 8.  But  e’en 
now  (See  Exercise  XLIX.  Stanza  li.  1)  the  slender  spring  oozes 
(stillo)  from  the  little  mound, — at  which  (quo)  the  wayfarer  is 
often  wont  (amo,  Aids  iv.  c.)  to  halt  (gressus  sisto). — 9,  10. 
Whence  with  roving  eye  he  may  better  admire  the  plains,  and 
fields  long  (per  longos  dies)  to  be  commemorated  (part,  in  -dus). — 
11,  12.  Moreover  (nec  minus)  the  shepherd  boys  (pubes  pastoria) 
here  gather  bulrushes,  and  the  lotos  which  floats  sprung  from 
the  midst  of  the  waters ;  see  Exercise  LIY.  6. — 13,  14.  And 
whilst  it  delights  them  to  stretch  their  limbs  under  the  hazel’s 
shade,  Each  one  hastily-plaits  (propero)  fair  garlands  for  his 
locks  ; — 15,  16.  Nor  do  the  boys  remember  (venit  in  men  tern, 
impers.  with  dat.)  in-what  spot  (sedes)  they  are  lingering  (subj.) : 
How  (ut)  the  soil  covers  the  bones  of  the  fearless  chief. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


49 


Observe  that  “cross  ”  and  “  font”  are  not  literally  translated, 
because  it  would  be  impossible  to  express  them  exactly  in  Clas¬ 
sical  Latin.  Also  observe  bow  the  English  is  adapted  to  the 
Elegiac  distich,  and  not  rendered  strictly  line  for  line.  (Caution 
c).  Observe  too  how  “  water-lily,”  in  line  12,  is  expanded. 

EXERCISE  LXXIV.  (Strang ford’s  Camoens). 

Should  I  but  live  a  little  more. 

Nor  die  beneath  thy  cold  disdain. 

These  eyes  shall  see  thy  triumphs  o'er, 

Shall  see  the  close  of  Beauty's  reign. 

For  Time's  transmuting  hand  shall  turn 
Thy  locks  of  gold  to  silvery  wires  : 

Those  starry  lamps  shall  cease  to  burn 
As  now,  with  more  than  heavenly  fires  : 

Thy  ripen'd  cheek  no  longer  wear 
The  ruddy  blooms  of  rising  Dawn ; 

And  every  tiny  dimple  there 

In  wrinkled  lines  be  roughly  drawn ! 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  If  only  the  fates  shall  lengthen  (produco)  the 
threads  of  my  life,  And  I  shall  not  (ni-que)  fall  a  mournful 
victim  of  thy  disdain. — 3,  4.  I  myself  shall  see  thee  celebrate 
no  triumphs ;  Yenus  will  at  length  cease  to  wield  the  sceptre 
(Poet.  Orn.  a). 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  For  Time  with  his  touch  will  change  (Poet. 
Orn.  8)  the  gold  of  thy  head  for  silver,  and  will  harden  (rigidam 
do.  Aids  i.  a)  its  softness.  Be  careful  how  you  use  “muto”  in 
line  1. — 3,  4.  The  lamps  (lychnus)  that-shine  with  starry  light 
shall  cease  (desuesco)  To  outshine  (praeradio),  as  now,  the 
brightness  (jubar)  of  heaven  (adj.). 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  Transpose  the  lines.  No  longer  (non  jam) 
shall  thy  cheeks  be  seen  to  blush  softly  (n.  adj.,  used  adverbially) 
with  light  that-rivals  (aequo,  part.)  the  gleaming  beauties  of  the 
day-star. — “  non  jam,”  in  line  1. — 3, 4.  Where’er  (slcubi)  a  smile 
forms  (do)  tiny  dimples  (lacuna)  in  thy  face  (Aids  v.),  soon 
wrinkles  will  come  to  furrow  (quae  arent)  thy  body. 

K 


5o 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LXXV.  ( same  continued). 

And  oli !  what  showers  of  fruitless  woe 
Shall  fall  upon  that  fatal  day ! 

How  wilt  thou  weep  the  frequent  “No  !” 

How  mourn  occasion  past  away ! 

Those  vain  regrets  and  useless  sighs 
Shall  in  my  heart  no  pity  move  : 

Fll  deem  them  but  a  sacrifice 

Hue  to  the  shade  of  buried  Love  ! 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Oh,  how  sad  marks  of  unavailing  (nihil 
valiturus)  grief,  wilt  thou  often  shed  (es  datura)  tears  on  that 
day. — “  Signa,”  acc.  in  apposition  to  “  lacrimas.” — 3,  4.  And 
thou  wilt  mourn  that  thou  hast  despised  the  vows  of  so  many 
suitors  ;  and  thou  wilt  weep  the  bygone  (elapsus)  days  which 
are-lost. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Nought  shall  thy  regret  (desiderium),  nought 
shall  thy  sighs  touch  me:  they  shall  not  he  able  to  rouse  (moveo) 
sorrow  in  my  heart. — 3,  4.  They  (n.  pi.)  shall  be  poured  forth 
over  the  tomb  of  our  love  ;  thou  shalt  give  them  as  sacrifices 
(inferise)  to  its  Manes. 

Observe  how  “  the  frequent  No,”  is  turned.  Similar  instances 
will  be  constantly  met  with. 

EXERCISE  LXXVI.  (J.  Scott). 

Tbe  sun  far  Southward  bends  bis  annual  way ; 

The  bleak  North-east  wind  lays  the  forest  bare ; 
The  fruit  un gather’d  quits  the  naked  spray, 

And  dreary  Winter  reigns  o’er  earth  and  air. 

No  mark  of  vegetable  life  is  seen. 

No  bird  to  bird  repeats  his  tuneful  call, 

Save  the  dark  leaves  of  some  rude  evergreen. 

Save  the  lone  red-breast  on  the  moss-grown  wall. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


5i 


Stanza  1.  1,  2.  The  annual  sun  seeks  afar  in  his  course  the 
Southern  shores ;  the  blasts  of  the  East- wind  now  rob  the  grove 
of  its  foliage  (frons,  sing.). — 3,  4.  The  fruits  ungathered  (sponte 
su&)  drop  from  the  bare  tree ;  gloomy  Winter  reigns  o’er  (teneo) 
the  fields  and  sky  alike. 

Stanza  11.  1,  2.  All  the  ground  is-lifeless  (torpeo,  perf.)  :  in 
vain  will  you  seek  for  herbage  (Poet.  Orn.  d) :  bird  sings  not  to 
bird  with  answering  (alternus)  song. — 3,  4.  Only  on  the  moss- 
grown  citadel  the  red-breast  sings  solitary  (secum),  and  the 
hardy  (vivax)  laurel  thrives  with  dark  leaf. 

Observe  in  Stanza  1.  3  the  turning  of  ungathered ;  and  how 
the  English  is  broken  up  in  Stanza  11.  1. 

EXERCISE  LXXVII.  {same  continued). 

Where  are  the  sprightly  prospects  Spring  supplied, 
The  may-flower' d  hedges  scenting  every  breeze  ? 
The  white  flocks  scattering  o'er  the  mountain's  side, 
The  wood-lark's  warbling  on  the  blooming  trees  ? 

Where  is  brown  Autumn's  evening  mild  and  still. 
What  time  the  ripen'd  corn  fresh  fragrance  yields. 
What  time  the  village  peoples  all  the  hill. 

And  loud  shouts  echo  o'er  the  harvest  fields  ? 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Where  now  is  the  glory  (honos)  of  Spring? 
where  the  sweet  prospect  ?  (rerum  imago.  See  Exercise  LIX. 
note) :  And  the  scented  (non  inodorus,  Aids  11.  1)  breeze  from 
the  white  thorns  ? — 3,  4.  Where  now  wander  the  herds  which 
shone  bright  upon  the  hill-tops,  And  the  lark  which  sings 
through  the  shady  grove  ? 

Stanza  11.  1,  2.  The  mild  evening  is-gone  (absum),  and  the 
stillness  (otia)  of  brown  autumn,  when  the  ripe  corn-field  is 
fragrant  with  fresh  (novus)  perfume. — 3,  4.  What  time  (tempore 
quo)  the  village  throngs  the  slopes  (declive)  of  the  hill,  and  the 
clear  voice  resounds  far  and  wide  over  the  mown  (tonsus)  fields. 
Observe  in  Stanza  1.  1  how  the  English  is  broken  up. 


52 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LXXVIII.  (. Hemans ). 

They  grew  in  beauty  side  by  side. 

They  fill'd  one  home  with  glee : 

Tlieir  graves  are  sever'd  far  and  wide. 

By  mount,  and  stream,  and  sea. 

The  same  fond  mother  bent  at  night 
O'er  each  fair  sleeping  brow ; 

She  had  each  folded  flower  in  sight — 

Where  are  those  dreamers  now  ? 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  That  band  grew  up  most  lovely  with  one 
training  (cultus) ;  one  house  resounded  with  their  joyous 
laughter  (pi.  Poet.  Orn.  a). — 3,  4.  Their  limbs  now  lie  buried 
in  a  separate  (nonunus)  tomb;  mountain,  sea,  [and]  river,  have 
their  parted  ashes. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  One  mother  bent  (se  flecto)  at  night  over  her 
loved  ones  ;  she  gave  kisses  to  their  sleeping  (sopitus)  brows ; 
— 3,  4.  Before  her  eyes  each  flower  closed  its  tender  bud  (calyx) : 
0  where  sleeps  now  the  bud  closed  as  before? 

'  Observe  the  turning  of  Stanza  n.  line  4.  It  would  be 
useless  to  attempt  a  literal  translation. 

EXERCISE  LXXIX.  (same  continued). 

One  'midst  the  forests  of  the  West 
By  a  dark  stream  is  laid : 

The  Indian  knows  his  place  of  rest. 

Far  in  the  cedar  shade. 

The  sea,  the  blue  lone  sea,  hath  one; — 

He  lies  where  pearls  lie  deep  : 

He  was  the  loved  of  all, — yet  none 
O'er  his  low  bed  may  weep. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  One  (alter)  lies  amid  Western  forests,  by  a 
river  which  rolls  its  dark  (ferruginous)  waters  to  the  sea ; — 3,  4. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


53 


The  Indian  tribe  (gens)  that-knows-the-secret  (conscius)  points 
out  (Poet.  Orn.  /3)  the  quiet  spot  (sedes)  :  and  the  dark  cedar 
o’er-shadows  the  hallowed  ground. 

Stanza  ii.T,  2.  The  sea  holds  another  (ille)  sunk  in  the  blue 
waves,  where  many  a  pearl  shines  amid  the  depths  (latebrse). — 
3,  4.  He  had  been  a  youth  most  dear  beyond  (ante)  all  others ; 
but  no  tear  bedews  his  hidden  resting-place  (cubile). 

EXERCISE  LXXX.  (same  continued). 

One  sleeps  where  Southern  vines  are  drest, 
Above  the  noble  slain  : 

He  wrapp'd  his  colours  round  his  breast 
On  a  blood-red  field  of  Spain. 

And  one — o'er  her  the  myrtle  showers 
Its  leaves,  by  soft  winds  fann'dj 

She  faded  'midst  Italian  flowers. 

The  last  of  that  bright  band ! 

> 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  A  third  (hie)  is-laid  a  hero,  and  amid  heroes, 
towards  the  South  (ad  Austros),  where  the  vine  is-green  dressed 
(putatus)  by  the  curved  pruning-knife  (falx). — 3,  4.  He  fell,  a 
soldier  having  his  breast  folded  (implicitus  pectora)  with  his 
colours  (vexillum),  and  dyed  the  Spanish  ground  with  his 
crimson  blood. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  A  fourth  (ilia)  lies-dead :  o’er  her  bones  the 
myrtle  scatters  a  garland,  as  the  breeze  gently  fans  its  tender 
leaves  : — 3,  4.  She  wasted  away  gradually  amid  Italian  gardens, 
the  last  hope  and  ornament  (spes-que  decus-que)  of  the  merry 
band. 

Observe  the  construction  of  “implicitus  pectora.”  Also  observe 
the  double  “ — que  ”  in  Stanza  n.  4.  See  Aids  in. 

EXERCISE  LXXXI.  (same  continued ). 

And  parted  tbus  they  rest,  wlio  play'd 
Beneath  the  same  green  tree ; 

Whose  voices  mingled  as  they  pray'd 
Around  one  parent  knee. 


54 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


They  that  with  smiles  lit  up  the  hall. 

And  cheer'd  with  song  the  hearth : — 

Alas  !  for  Love,  if  thou  wert  all — 

And  nought  beyond,  0  Earth  ! 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Thus  now  (hodie),  though-accustomed  to  play- 
together  under  the  green  shade,  the  once  united  band  lies 
parted  (dissociatus). — 3,  4.  [The  band]  which  formerly  with  bent 
knee  before  a  mother’s  feet,  repeated  (reddo)  mingled  prayers 
with  infant  (tener)  mouth. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  A  parted  band, — although  with  smiles  (line 
2)  it  had  cheered  (hilaro)  the  hall,  and  joyous  with  song  [had 
cheered]  the  paternal  hearth. — 3,  4.  Alas  me !  if  love  is  mortal, 
what  will  it  avail  to  have  loved  ?  if  Earth  has  nought  besides  to 
give  (quod  addat). 

Observe  in  Stanza  ii.  1  the  repetition  from  Stanza  i.  2. 

EXERCISE  LXXXII.  (Cowper). 

The  poplars  are  fell'd ;  farewell  to  the  shade 
And  the  whispering  sound  of  the  cool  colonnade ; 
The  winds  play  no  longer  and  sing  in  their  leaves. 
Nor  Ouse  on  his  bosom  their  image  receives. 

Twelve  years  have  elapsed  since  I  last  took  a  view 
Of  my  favourite  field,  and  the  bank  where  they  grew; 
And  now  in  the  grass  behold  they  are  laid, 

And  the  tree  is  my  seat  that  once  lent  me  a  shade. 

The  blackbird  has  fled  to  another  retreat, 

Where  the  hazels  afford  him  a  screen  from  the  heat ; 
And  the  scene  where  his  melody  charm'd  me  before 
Resounds  with  his  sweet-flowing  ditty  no  more. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  The  leafy  bowers  (umbraculum)  of  the  poplar 
(adj.)  wood  have  fallen  :  the  murmurs  are-hushed  through  the 
cool  grove. — 3,  4.  The  Zephyr’s  sport  is-gone  (absum)  :  the 
leaves  have  laid-aside  their  whispers,  and  tTsa  gives  not  back 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


55 


(nec  refert)  the  view  which  it  did  before  (See  Exercise  LIX. 
note). 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Since  (ut)  I  (pi.)  beheld  the  wooded  ridge 
(nemoris  dorsum)  and  beloved  fields  two  lustres  have  been  added 
to 1  two  years. — 3,  4.  Behold,  the  grass  is  now  strewn  with  the 
felled  timber  (dejecta  arbor),  and  [the  tree]  which  was  formerly 
my  shade  gives  me  a  seat. 

Stanza  ill.  1,  2.  Now  far  from  hence  the  fugitive  blackbirds 
seek  new  retreats  (tecta),  where  the  hazel  wood  (silva  colurna) 
screens  (levo)  the  sun’s  rays. — 3,  4.  The  sweet  ditties  (querela) 
which  formerly  pleased  me  are  silent  (perf.) ;  nor  does  their 
liquid  melody  resound  now,  as  it  did  before. 

Observe  the  use  of  “ut  =  ex  quo”  (tempore) — “  from  the  time 
when,”  “  ever  since,”  in  Stanza  n. — Also  observe  the  method  of 
expressing  a  number  of  years  by  lustres.  A  lustrum,  a  period 
of  five  years. 

EXERCISE  LXXXIII.  (same  continued). 

My  fugitive  years  are  all  hasting  away, 

And  I  must  ere  long  lie  as  lowly  as  they. 

With  a  turf  on  my  breast  and  a  stone  at  my  head. 
Ere  another  such  grove  shall  arise  in  its  stead. 

The  change  both  my  heart  and  my  fancy  employs  : 

I  reflect  on  the  frailty  of  man  and  his  joys : 
Short-lived  as  we  are,  yet  our  pleasures,  we  see, 
Have  a  still  shorter  date,  and  die  sooner  than  we. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  But  Time  (iEtas)  passes  with  swift,  too  swift  a 
foot ;  I  myself  shall  fall  as  (modo  quo)  the  trunks  have  fallen. — 
3, 4.  I  shall  have  my  breast  (pi.)  covered  with  turf  (pi.),  my 
head  with  a  stone,  before  that  (ante — q  am)  another-such  (par) 
wood  shall  arise  (orta  erit)  in  the  accustomed  place. — “  breast  ” — 
“  heady  to  be  in  the  accusative  with  “  recondar,”  middle  con¬ 
struction.  Compare  Exercise  LXXX.  Stanza  I.  3. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  These  changes  have  taught  me  ever  in  (sub) 
mindful  breast  to  reflect  (volvo),  how  (uti)  our  joys  hasten  to 
die. — 3,  4.  Life  indeed  is  short ;  still  pleasure  more  short-lived 


1  Use  prep,  with  “  duo,”  acc.  pi.,  for  which  cf.  Yirg.  iEn.  xi.  285 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


56 


perishes  before  (ante — quam)  they  perish  who  have  enjoyed  it 
(rapio). — “Ante”  belongs  to  line  3. 

EXERCISE  LXXXIV.  (Herrick). 

Gather  ye  rosebuds  while  ye  may. 

Old  Time  is  still  a  flying  : 

And  this  same  flower  that  smiles  to-day 
To-morrow  will  be  dying. 

The  glorious  lamp  of  Heaven,  the  Sun, 

The  higher  he's  a  getting, 

The  sooner  will  his  race  be  run. 

The  nearer  he's  to  setting. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Gather,  while  ye  may  (dum  fas  est),  gather 
rosebuds  (rosei  flores),  quickly  :  whilst  I  speak,  the  hour  is  flying 
not-to-be-recalled  again. — 3,  4.  And  the  rose  which  to-day  blows 
(sese  pando)  in  happy  gardens,  to-morrow  a-dying  (moribundus) 
will  droop  its  tender  head. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  The  higher  (quo  sublimius)  Phoebus  with  his 
lamp  scales  (occupo)  the  citadels  of  heaven,  and  urges  more 
aloft  (altius)  his  bright  steeds. — “  Occupo,”  in  line  2. — 3,  4.  The 
sooner  (hoc  citius)  he  will  hasten  to  reach  the  well-known  goal, 
sooner  will  he  depart  sunk  in  the  Hesperian  waters. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  verb  in  Stanza  1.  1.  See  Poet. 
Orn.  C  2. 


EXERCISE  LXXXV.  ( same  continued). 

Tbat  age  is  best  which  is  the  first. 
When  youth  and  blood  are  warmer ; 
But  being  spent,  the  worse  and  worst 
Times  still  succeed  the  former. 

Then  be  not  coy,  but  use  your  time ; 

And,  while  ye  may,  go  marry  : 

For  having  lost  but  once  your  prime. 
Ye  may  for  ever  tarry. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


57 


Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Best  are  those  times  of  life  which  flourish 
first,  when  the  veins  swell  with  hotter  blood. — 3,  4.  But  years 
fly  away,  and  former  excellence  (virtus)  does  not  remain  ;  and  a 
worse  and  worse  period  (dies)  comes  on.  Cf.  Exercise  XXVIII. 
6,  note. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Be  therefore  complaisant1  (facilis),  enjoy  the 
time  granted  you ;  Marry,  whilst  you  may,  each  of  you  her 
swain  (juvenis).  See  Exercise  II.  Stanza  I.  2. — 3,  4.  For  as 
soon  as  your  prime  (Veneris  matura  setas)  has  fled  away  (fut. 
perf.),  the  hour  will  ever  be  bringing  for  you  fresh  delays. 

EXERCISE  LXXXVI.  {Sir  W.  Scot!). 

Why  sitfc'st  thou  by  that  ruin'd  hall, 

Thou  aged  carle,  so  stern  and  grey  ? 

Dost  thou  its  former  pride  recall. 

Or  ponder  how  it  pass'd  away  ? 

“Know'st  thou  not  me?" — the  deep  Voice 
cried — 

“  So  long  enjoy'd,  so  oft  misused — 

“  Alternate,  in  thy  fickle  pride, 

“Desired,  neglected,  and  accused?" 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Why  does  it  delight  thee  to  sit  (Poet.  Orn.  y) 
here  amid  the  fallen  columns,  thou  grim  old  man,  remarkable 
for  thy  hoary  locks  ? — 3,  4.  Is  it  thy  pleasure  (an-ne  placet)  to 
recall  the  former  fame  of  the  mansion?  or  dost  thou  reflect 
(reputo)  in  what  manner  its  glory  has  passed  away  (sit 
resolutus)  ? 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  “I  [am]  he,  if  thou  know’st  it  not,” — with 
awful  voice  in-turn  he  said,  **  whom  having  often  enjoyed  thou 
so  often  wastest.” — 3,  4.  “  Who  am-called  alternately  (alternis) 
accused,  according  as  (quo)  empty  pride  leads  thee,  who  [am 
called]  an  object-of-desire  or  an-object-of-ridicule.” — “  vocor,”  in 
line  4. — “  alternis,”  i.  e.  vicibus,  imderstood. 


1  Cf.  Virg.  Eel.  iii.  9,  “  faciles  Nymphae  risere.” 


53 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  LXXXVII.  {same  continued). 

“  Before  my  breath,  like  blazing  flax, 

“  Man  and  bis  marvels  pass  away ; 

“  And  changing  empires  wane  and  wax, 

“  Are  founded,  flourish,  and  decay. 

“  Redeem  mine  hours — the  space  is  brief — 

“  While  in  my  glass  the  sand-grains  shiver ; 

“  And  measureless  thy  joy  or  grief, 

“  When  Time  and  thou  shalt  part  for  ever  !  ” 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  When  I  breathe  (abl.  abs.)  men  and  men’s 
labours  pass-away,  just  as  when  (qualis  ubi)  tow  perishes  burnt 
by  the  flames. — 3,  4.  Empires  wax  (augeor),  liable-to  (obnoxius) 
varying  destinies,  or  decrease,  or  stand,  or  fall,  with  equal 
alternation  (Aids  ill.). 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  Thou  must  use  thy  time  :  a  short  hour  is 
left  (superstes)  for  thee,  whilst  the  light  sand  trembles  in  its 
glassy  prison. — 3,  4.  Thy  lot  will  be  fixed  (stabit)  for  eternity — 
if  only  (modo)  Time  shall  pass  away  (fugerit) : — Whether  hours 
of  happiness  (beta  tempora),  or  grief,  await  thee. 

EXERCISE  LXXXVIII.  (T.  Campbell). 

Earl  March  look’d  on  his  dying  child. 

And,  smit  with  grief  to  view  her, 

“  The  youth,”  he  cried,  “  whom  I  exiled, 

“  Shall  be  restored  to  woo  her.” 

She’s  at  the  window  many  an  hour  5 

His  coming  to  discover  : 

And  he  look’d  up  to  Ellen’s  bower. 

And  she  look’d  on  her  lover  : 

But,  ah !  so  pale,  he  knew  her  not, 

Though  her  smile  on  him  was  dwelling : —  io 
“  And  am  I  then  forgot — forgot  ?” 

It  broke  the  heart  of  Ellen. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


59 


In  vain  he  weeps,  in  vain  he  sighs ; 

Her  cheek  is  cold  as  ashes ; 

Nor  Lovers  own  kiss  shall  wake  those  eyes,  15 
Nor  lift  their  silken  lashes. 

1,  2.  The  chief  had  seen  the  maiden  languishing  with  an 
untimely  death  ;  and  grief  touched  the  father's  (adj.)  heart. 
Poet.  Orn.  a. — 3,  4.  “  The  boy  who  once  fled  an  exile  from  his 
native  shore,  him  I  will  bring  back,”  he  cries,  “  and  restore  as 
her  suitor.” — 5,  6.  The  hours  pass  by ;  and  she  quits  not  her 
window,  to  see,  if  perchance,  she,  a  lover,  can  descry  (si  forte 
cernat)  her  lover’s  coming. — 7,  8.  Again  the  youth  is  there : 
again  he  looks-up-to  the  accustomed  chamber  (pi.),  and  she 
looks-down-on  her  returned  (redux)  lover. — 9,  10.  She-looks- 
down-on-him;  but  paleness  had  robbed  Ellen  of  her  beauty 
(deformem  fecerat) ;  and  the  youth  knows  her  not ,  although  she 
smiles. — 11, 12.  “Alas,  me!”  she  cries,  heart-broken  (exanimatus) 
by  her  extreme  sorrow,  “  Can  he  be  forgetful,  forgetful  of  me  ?” 
13,  14.  Nought  avail  the  youth  his  tears,  nought  now  his  sighs  ; 
the  maiden’s  cheeks  grew-cold  (dirigeo),  like  ashes. — 15, 16.  But 
her  tender  eyes  neither1  loving  kisses  again  shall  unseal  (solvo), 
nor  shall  Love  himself  open  them  when  closed. 

With  the  use  of  “  si,”  in  line  6,  compare  Yirg.  iEn.  vi.  78, 

“  Bacchatur  vates,  magnum  si  pectore  jpossit 
Excussisse  deum.” — 

It  is  like  ei  Iras  in  Greek. 

Observe  the  juxtaposition  of  “  amantis  amans and  the  repe¬ 
tition  of  “  despicit,”  in  line  9. 

EXERCISE  LXXXIX.  (Psalm  cxxxvii.) 

1.  By  tke  rivers  of  Babylon,  there  we  sat  down, 
yea,  we  wept  when  we  remembered  Sion. 

2.  We  banged  our  harps  upon  the  willows  in  the 
midst  thereof. 

3.  For  there  they  that  carried  us  away  captive  re- 

1  Cf.  Ov.  Her.  xi.  69,  “precantia  verba”  (i.e.  precantis) :  Her. 
xix.  25;  xx.  33:  A.  A.  i.  371;  iii.  743.  Virgil,  M.  vi.  110. 


6o 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


quired  of  us  a  song ;  and  they  that  wasted  us  required 
of  us  mirth,  saying,  Sing  us  one  of  the  songs  of  Sion. 

4.  How  shall  we  sing  the  Lord’s  song  in  a  strange 
land  ? 

N.B.  In  translating  passages  of  this  kind  considerable  free¬ 
dom  is  allowed.  This  Exercise  and  the  six  following  ones  are 
given  as  specimens  of  expansion,  or  free  translation.  Cf. 
Exercises  CVIII — CXI. 

Verse  1.  (four  lines).  We  wept,  alas !  as-we-sat  (part.)  hard 
by  (subter)  the  houses  of  Babylon  (adj.),  where  many  a  river 
was  flowing  (eo)  with  clear  waters.  ||  We  wept,  when  (ut)  the 
image  of  Sion  came  into  our  mind,  and  the  ne’er  to-be-beheld 
fields  of  our  native  soil. 

Verse  2.  (two  lines).  Our  lute  hung  (imperf.)  voiceless  (mutus) 
upon  (super)  the  green  boughs,  and  the  willows  supported  our 
silent  lyres. 

Verse  3.  (four  lines).  For  (quippe)  he  who  led  us  far  from  our 
fatherland  to  his  dreary  coasts,  bids  us  chant  (verba  referre) 
to-the-music-of  (ad)  our  native  strains.  ||  Aye,  and  (nec  minus) 
the  spoiler  of  rich  Solyma  requires,  forsooth  (Aids  vii.  7),  joyful 
songs  in  the  midst  of  our  misfortunes  (malum). 

Verse  4.  (two  lines).  And  shall  it  he  then  (ergo  erit  ut,  with 
subj.)  that  a  stranger  (hospita)  region  [hear]  divine  songs,  or  a 
heathen  (profanus)  land  hear  sacred  measures  ?  See  Aids  vn. 
2,  and  Poet.  Orn.  e. 

EXERCISE  XC. 

Day,  like  our  souls,  is  fiercely  dark  : — 

What  then  ? — ’tis  day  ! 

We  sleep  no  more  :  tlie  cock  crows — hark ! 

To  arms  !  away  ! 

Come  tliey  from  Scythian  wilds  afar,  5 

Our  blood  to  spill  ? 

Wear  they  the  livery  of  Czar? 

They  do  his  will. 

1,  2.  Day  like  (pariter — pariter)  our  mind  is  oppressed  (laboro) 
with  darkness :  e’en  now  the  dawning,  and  yet  not  risen,  day 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


61 


(prima,  nec  tamen  orta)  is-shining. — 3,  4.  Haste  we  (Aids  vii. 
5)  together  to  arms,  sleep  being  shaken  off.  Hark  how  the 
bird  that  ushers  in  the  light  (lucis  auctor.  See  Propert.  El.  iv. 
3.  32)  is-singing.— 5,  6.  Does  that  hand  draw-near  leaving  the 
steppes  of  Scythia  (campi  Scythici),  forsooth,  that  it  may  dye 
the  ground  with  our  blood  P — 7,  8.  Does  it  wear  (gero)  both 
Caesar’s  livery  (cultus,  pi.)  and  Caesar’s  arms  ? — Each  in  his  own 
rank  does  what  he  commands. 

Observe  line  2.  It  is  a  useful  one  to  remember. 

EXERCISE  XCI.  ( same  continued). 

No  splendour  gilds,  all  sternly  met. 

Our  foot  and  horse  : 

But  dark  and  still  we  inly  glow. 

Condensed  in  ire. 

Strike,  Euss,  and  thou  shalt  know,  5 

Our  gloom  is  fire. 

1,  2.  Splendour  [gilds]  not  our  infantry,  it  gilds  not  our 
horsemen, — hearts  (pectora)  joined  by  faith  that  may  not  be 
forsworn  (non  ejurandus). — 3,  4.  But  still  our  souls  (praecordia) 
glow  with  hidden  flames ;  anger  and  rage  together  closely  bind 
(vinclis  ligo)  our  hearts. — 5,  6.  Strike,  Russians  (Sarmaticus) ; 
ye  shall  learn  this  fact  (illud)  too  late  (serius) ;  a  living  (vividus) 
flame  lies-hid  beneath  a  gloomy  countenance. 

Observe  the  Apposition  in  line  2. 

EXERCISE  XCII.  (. Hemans ). 

A  wail  was  heard  around  the  bed,  the  death-bed 
of  the  young : 

Amidst  her  tears  a  funeral  chant  a  mournful  mother 
sung : 

“  Ianthis,  dost  thou  sleep  ? — thou  sleep'st, — but  this 
is  not  the  rest, 

“  The  breathing  and  the  rosy  calm,  I  pillow'd  on 
my  breast. 


62 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


“  I  lull'd  thee  not  to  this  repose,  Ianthis,  my  sweet 
son, 

“As  in  thy  glowing  childhood's  time  hy  twilight 
I  have  done. 

“  How  is  it  that  I  bear  to  stand  and  look  upon  thee 
now, 

“  And  that  I  die  not,  seeing  death  on  thy  pale 
glorious  brow  ?" 

1,  2.  A  funeral  chant  (carmen  funebre)  was  resounding  by 
(ad)  a  youth’s  couch,  whilst  his  tearful  mother  sings  as  follows 
(talia).  Observe  that  “cano,”  “  loquor,”  &c.,  often  have  “  ore  ” 
or  “voce”  pleonastic. — 3,4.  “  My  son,”  she  said,  “dost  thou 
sleep?  whither  has  fled  the  calm  (pax),  whither  that  (iste) 
breathing,  whither  the  rosy  colour  that  there  was  before?”-— 
“  fugit  ”  in  line  4. — 5,  6.  Not  with  these  slumbers  did  I  soothe 
thy  infant  (puerilis)  limbs,  pillowed  (semisupinus)  at  eve  on  thy 
mother’s  (adj.)  bosom. — 7,  8.  Alas !  how  different  (quantum 
distat)  is  this  repose  from  that  repose,  my  darling  (lux),  Ianthis, 
delight  of  thy  mother ! — 9, 10.  Still  (adhuc)  shines  thy  brow  (line 
10),  as  it  ever  did  (quse  semper  fulsit),  with  its  peculiar  glory ; 
but  the  paleness  of  death  is-settled  (sedeo)  on  thy  face. — 11,  12. 
Why  am  I  unhappy  present  P  how  can  I  stand  by,  gazing  upon 
(contemplatus)  thy  death,  without-having-the-heart  (nec  tamen 
ausa)  to  die  ? 

Observe  the  use  of  “  audeo,5’  like  ToX/idoo  in  Greek. 

EXERCISE  X  C 1 1 1 .  (same  contin  ued ) . 

I  look  upon  thee,  thou  that  wert  of  all  most  fair  and 
brave : 

I  see  thee  wearing  still  too  much  of  beauty  for  the 
grave. 

Though  mournfully  thy  smile  is  fix'd,  and  heavily 
thine  eye 

Hath  shut  upon  the  falcon  glance  that  in  it  loved 
to  lie, — 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


63 


Though  fast  is  bound  that  springing  step,  that  seem’d 
on  breezes  borne, 

When  to  thy  couch  I  came  and  said,  “Wake,  hunter, 
wake ;  ’tis  morn  — 

Yet  art  thou  lovely  still,  my  flower,  untouch’d  by 
slow  decay ; 

And  I,  the  wither’d  stem,  remain — I  would  that 
grief  might  slay ! 

1,  2.  Lo !  before  my  eyes  thou  liest  dead,  than  whom  none 
appeared  (exstitit)  fairer,  than  whom  none  more  brave.  Aids  1.  f. 
N.B.  The  lines  must  be  transposed. — 3,  4.  Lo !  thou  liest 
dead — (Poet.  Orn.  (.  1) ;  and  still  there  is  left  (superstes)  to 
thee,  my  son,  the  beauty  which  deserved  not  (non  debuerat)  to 
have  perished. — 5,  6.  Though  thy  face  (plural)  is-reft-of  its 
smile,  and  torpor  weighs-down  the  eyes  that  once  rivalled 
(imitatus)  the  falcon  with  their  fires ;  “  gravo  ”  in  line  6. — 7,  8. 
And  no  longer  (nec  jam)  go  free  with  springing  (agilis)  course 
the  steps  to  which  (queis)  the  breeze  seemed  to  have  lent  its  own 
wings ; — 9,  10.  As-often-as  I  said  by  thy  couch,  “  My  boy,  shake 
off  thy  slumbers;  come,  rise,  huntsman:  the  dayspring  (orta 
dies)  is  already  shining.” — 11,  12.  Thou  bloomest  lovely  still: 
nor  for  thee  has  begun  to  fade  (decresco),  my  flow’ret,  thy  beauty 
(honor)  consumed  gradually  by  decay  (tabes) : — 13,  14.  I  linger 
a  dry  stem :  and  although  (ut),  worn  out  (enectus)  by  grieving 
I  pray-for  death,  yet  (at)  death  ever  disregards  (fugio)  my 
(Poet.  Orn.  a)  prayers.  “  Ut  precer  ”  belong  to  line  14. 

EXERCISE  XCIV.  ( same  continued). 

Oh !  ever  when  I  met  thy  look,  I  knew  that  this 
would  be ; 

I  knew  too  well  that  length  of  days  was  not  a  gift 
for  thee. 

I  saw  it  in  thy  kindling  cheek,  and  in  thy  bearing 
high,— 

A  voice  came  whispering  to  my  soul,  and  told  me 
thou  must  die  : — ■ 


64 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


That  thou  must  die,  my  fearless  one,  where  swords 
were  flashing  red : 

Why  doth  a  mother  live  to  say — “  My  first-born  and 
my  dead  ?  ” 

They  tell  me  of  thy  youthful  fame,  they  talk  of 
victory  won : 

Speak  thou ,  and  I  will  hear,  my  child  !  Ianthis,  my 
sweet  son  ! 

1,  2.  As  often  as  with  a  mother’s  (adj.)  eye  I  beheld  thy  counte¬ 
nance,  and  kindling  cheeks,  and  commanding  carriage  (conspicui 
gradus). — 3,  4.  My  prescient  mind  felt — my  mind,  alas !  too 
prescient  of  the  truth — that  the  stern  fates  had  denied  length  of 
days  (longos  dies)  to  thee. — 5,  6.  A  voice  oft  warned  me,  address¬ 
ing  (affatus)  me  with  gentle  whisper,  and  in-my-soul  (conscius) 
I  learnt  this  :  thou  wast  about  to  die. — 7,  8.  Thou  wast  about  to 
die,  where  arms  ivere gleaming  (corusco,  imperf.  subj.),  red  (part.) 
with  much  bloodshed,  thyself  a-stranger-to  (nescius,  with  gen.) 
fear.  The  italicized  words  belong  to  line  8. — 9,  10.  Why  do  I, 
an  unfeeling  (impius)  mother,  live  P  how  can  I  say  “  Lo,  the  son 
whom  I  brought  forth  first  lies-dead !” — 11,  12.  But  they  tell  of 
his  youthful  fame,  and  triumphs  won  (actus) ;  they  tell  of  battles 
waged  with  victorious  hand. — 13,  14.  Speak  thou,  and  thy 
voice  as  thou  speakest  shall  be  heeded  (audita  fuerit)  ;  my 
darling,  Ianthis,  the  delight  of  thy  mother.  For  the  construction 
of  “  loquens  ”  in  line  13,  see  Poet.  Orn.  a.  ad  fin. 

Observe  the  Anaphora  in  line  7.  See  Poet  Orn. 

EXERCISE  XCV.  (Wolfe). 

If  I  bad  thought  thou  couldst  have  died, 

I  might  not  weep  for  thee ; 

But  I  forgot,  when  by  thy  side, 

That  thou  couldst  mortal  be  : 

It  never  through  my  mind  had  past,  5 

The  time  would  e’er  be  o’er, 

When  I  on  thee  should  look  my  last. 

And  thou  shouldst  smile  no  more. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


65 


1,  2.  If  thou  hadst  seemed  to  me  powerless-against  (superabilis, 
with  dat.)  black  death,  the  sad  tear  would  ne’er  have  bedewed 
my  cheeks. — 3,  4.  But  I  was  unconcerned  (securus);  and  clinging 
close  to  thee  (tecum  amplexibus  hserens),  I  lived  forgetting 
(oblitus)  that  thou  too  couldst  die. — 5,  6.  Never  (Aids  11.  1) 
did  my  pleasure  soon-to-perish  (periturus)  come  into  my  mind  : 
never  had  the  day  seemed  to  be  so  near  (tarn  prope  abesse ), — 
7,  8.  When  thou  shouldst  depart  smiling  for  the  last  time 
(subridens  ultima)  on  me  as  I  smiled  (part.),  ne’er  again  to  be 
beheld  by  my  eyes. 

EXERCISE  XCVI.  ( Longfellow ). 

I  shot  an  arrow  into  the  air, 

It  fell  to  earth,  I  knew  not  where : 

For,  so  swiftly  it  flew,  the  sight 
Conld  not  follow  in  its  flight. 

I  breathed  a  song  into  the  air ; 

It  fell  to  earth,  I  knew  not  where ; 

For  who  has  sight  so  keen  and  strong 
That  it  can  follow  the  flight  of  song  ? 

Long,  long  after,  in  an  oak 
I  found  the  arrow  still  unbroke : 

And  the  song,  from  beginning  to  end, 

I  found  again  in  the  heart  of  a  friend. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Once  with-all-my-might  (connixus)  I  shot 
(line  2)  an  arrow  (calamus)  into  the  air  of  heaven  (pi.) :  it  fell  in 
some  unknown  place. — 3,  4.  The  fallen  arrow  lies-hid  :  I  cannot 
find  its  hiding-place  ;  with  so  swift  a  flight  it  seemed  to  have 
gone  by. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  I  was  singing,  I  remember  :  the  sweet  sound 
goes-forth  to  (in)  the  sky,  and  the  strain  (vox)  carried-away  falls 
I  know  not  where  (nescio  qua  regione). — 3,  4.  For  who,  keen 
though  he  be,  enjoys  (utor)  such  vigorous  sight  (eyes),  that  he 
can  see  the  path  of  song  ? 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  Long  after  (solibus  exactis),  in  (inter)  the 
midst  of  an  oak’s  branches  (brachia),  the  shaft  was  unbroken 

F 


66 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


(incolumis)  where  it  stuck  before. — 3,  4.  Just  so  (nec  minus),  the 
full  rhythm  (numerorum  copia),  with  the  song  entire  (integer, 
abl.  abs.),  Came-back,  having  been  stored  in  the  heart  of  a  beloved 
friend  (vir). 

Observe  the  Historic  present. 

EXERCISE  XCVII. 

'Tis  not  for  love  of  gold  I  go, 

'Tis  not  for  love  of  fame  : 

Though  Fortune  may  her  smiles  bestow. 

And  I  may  win  a  name. 

And  yet  it  is  for  gold  I  go,  5 

And  yet  it  is  for  Fame, — 

That  they  may  deck  another's  brow. 

And  bless  another's  name  : — 

Ailleen. 

1,  2.  Not  the  lust  of  gold  compels  me  to  go,  Ailleen;  I  make 
not  my  journey,  led  by  love  of  fame. — Look  in  the  list  at  the  end 
for  a  suitable  name. — 3,  4.  Although  kindly  Fortune  smile  with 
serene  countenance,  and  forbid  me  not  to  win  (fero)  the  rewards 
of  well-earned  praise. — 5,  6.  But  yet  (at  —  tamen)  gold  does 
urge  on  my  steps  as  I  go  (see  Poet.  Orn.  a,  ad  fin.) ;  yet  (at)  I 
eagerly  follow  Fame  whither  she  invites  me. — 7,  8.  That  a  new 
charm,  I  ween  (Aids  vn.  7),  may  adorn  (colo)  another’s  brow ; 
that  another’s  name  may-be-exalted  (cresco)  by  my  honour. 

EXERCISE  XCVIII.  ( same  continued). 

For  this — but  this  alone, — I  go 
And  lose  thy  love  awhile, 

And  all  the  soft  and  quiet  bliss 
Of  thy  young  faithful  smile. 

I  go  to  brave  a  world  I  hate,  5 

And  woo  it  o'er  and  o'er ; 

To  tempt  the  seas,  and  try  my  fate 
Upon  a  stranger  shore  : — 


Ailleen. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


67 


1,  2.  Nought  else  I  seek :  thus  am-I-able  (pi.  line  2)  to  loso 
(careo,  Poet.  Orn.  y)  thee  for  a  while,  and  to  go  far-away  (longius 
ire)  from  thy  bosom. — 3,  4.  Thus  to  leave  the  peace  and  quiet 
(otia)  which  we  enjoyed  together,  as  often  as  thou  didst  smile 
(Aids  1.  a),  a  faithful  maiden. — 5,  6.  I  go  (itur,  impers.)  my 
Ailleen ,  bravely  into  a  hated  world,  which  will  have  to  be 
wooed  by  me  from  its  farthest  limit. — 7,  8. 1  follow  my  destinies, 
a  doubtful  exile  on  foreign  strands,  having  dared  to  tempt 
(sollicito)  the  ocean  paths. 

EXERCISE  XCIX.  ( same  continued). 

And  when  the  laurel  is  my  own, 

I  know  a  heart  will  care  : 

And  when  the  gold  is  woo'd  and  won, 

I  know  a  brow  shall  wear. 

And  when,  with  both  return'd  again,  5 

My  native  land  I  see ; 

I  know  a  smile  will  meet  me  there, 

A  hand  will  welcome  me  : — 

Ailleen. 

1,  2.  And  when  its  own  laurel  shall  decorate  (Poet.  Orn.  e) 
my  brow,  I  know  where  (est  ubi)  one  [maiden]  will  not 
despise  my  titles. — 3,  4.  And  when  I  shall  win  (potior)  the 
gold,  having  gained  the  reward  (abl.  abs.)  of  my  toils,  I  know 
where  one  maiden  will  wear  it  (Poet.  Orn.  8)  on  her  temples. — 
5,  6.  And  when  I  revisit  the  native  fields  of  my  fatherland 
(Poet.  Orn.  e),  and  either  gain  (qusestus  uterque)  returns  with 
me  (pars  sit  nostrse  vise). — 7,  8.  I  know  where  I  shall  plant  my 
steps  in  (per)  the  midst  of  smiles,  and  one  (vel  una)  righthand 
will  grasp  mine.  Repeat  the  “  dextra.” 

Observe  the  periphrasis  for  the  future  indicative,  and  the  use 
of  “  est  ubi.”  For  the  use  of  “uterque  ”  in  line  6,  see  Exercise 
XIV.  Stanza  n.  4,  and  note.  Also  observe  the  phrase  “pars 
vise.”  It  may  be  used  of  a  companion. 


68 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  C.  {Carlyle). 

The  boatmen  shout,  “  *Tis  time  to  part ; 

“  No  longer  we  can  stay  !  ” — 

'Twas  then  Matilda  taught  my  heart 
How  much  a  glance  could  say. 

With  trembling  steps  to  me  she  came ;  5 

“  Farewell,”  she  would  have  cried ; 

But  ere  her  lips  the  word  could  frame 
In  half-formed  sounds  it  died. 

1,  2.  “  ’Tis  time,”  (tempus  erat),  cry  the  sailors,  “  time  to 
depart;  the  late  hour  forbids  us  to  remain  further.” — 3,  4.  Then 
first  I  learnt,  with  thee  to  teach  me  (te  magistra,  abl.  abs.), 
Matilda ,  how  much  eyes  taught  to  speak  express  (significo). — 
5,  6.  When  the  maid  approached  trembling,  and  like  one  totter¬ 
ing,  she  thrice  and  again  (terque  quaterque,  Aids  in.)  begins  to 
utter  Farewell. — 7,  8.  But  her  unfinished  (imperfectus)  words 
as  she  spoke  (gen.  part.)  perished  before  that  (prius — quam)  her 
tongue  could  frame  the  half-formed  (medius)  sounds. 

Observe  the  expression  “  tempus  erat  ” — “  it  was  time,  and 
is;”  (f,tis  high  time.”  Compare  Horace,  Odes  I.  xxxvii.  4, 

“  Omare  pulvinar  Deorum 

Tempus  erat  dapibus,  sodales.” 

EXERCISE  CL  (same  contin ued ) . 

Then,  bending  down  with  looks  of  love, 

Her  arms  round  me  she  flung ; 

And,  as  the  gale  hangs  round  the  grove, 

Upon  my  neck  she  hung. 

My  willing  arms  embraced  the  maid,  5 

My  heart  with  raptures  beat : 

While  she  but  wept  the  more,  and  said, 

“  Would  we  had  never  met !” 

1,  2.  Then  (inde),  bending  her  head,  she  smiled  with  fond 
(blandus)  eyes,  and  threw  her  lissom  (lentus)  arms  round  (do — - 
circum,  with  dat.)  my  shoulders. — 3,  4.  And  just  as  the  Zephyr’s 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


69 


gale  hangs -round  (foveo)  the  woods,  with  her  tender  arm  (line 
3),  so  she  hangs  round  my  neck. — 5,  6.  Forthwith  I  embrace 
(pi.)  her  locked  in  (implicitus)  my  joyful  arms ;  and  my  heart 
(pi.)  trembled  with  new  raptures. — 7,  8.  But  she  weeping 
(lacrimatus)  more,  and  with  gentle  whisper  said,  “  Would  that 
destiny  had  not  united  us.” 

EXERCISE  CII.  ( Cunningham ). 

A  wet  sheet,  and  a  flowing  sea, 

A  wind  that  follows  fast, 

And  fills  the  white  and  rustling  sail, 

And  bends  the  gallant  mast : 

And  bends  the  gallant  mast,  my  boys,  5 

While,  like  the  eagle  free, 

Away  the  good  ship  flies,  and  leaves 
Old  England  on  the  lee. 

1,  2.  While  the  waves  dance  over  the  blue  (cserula,  n.  pi.)  of 
the  flowing  (liquidus)  sea ;  while  the  wet  sheets  (vela)  swell 
with  the  Zephyr  that  follows  : — 3,  4.  While  the  white  canvas 
(pi.)  rustles  with  the  rushing  (effusus)  winds,  and  the  top  (apex) 
of  the  tapering  (teres)  mast  is  made  to  quiver  (fit  tremebundus). 
— 5,  6.  While  the  tapering  mast  quivers,  my  comrades,  from  its 
top  (usque  a  vertice),  free,  like  the  eagle  (Exercise  LXX.  11)  the 
ship  speeds-on  its  way. — 7,  8.  The  ship  speeds  on  its  way — 
(Poet.  Orn.  £  1),  and  scuds  over  (supervolo)  the  glassy  waves ; 
and  our  country  lies-hid  left  on  the  lee  (alaeva  parte). 

EXERCISE  CIII.  ( same  continued). 

“  Oh  !  for  a  soft  and  gentle  wind  !  ” 

I  heard  a  fair  one  cry  ; 

But  give  to  me  the  snoring  breeze. 

And  white  waves  heaving  high  : — 

And  white  waves  heaving  high,  my  boys,  5 
The  good  ship  tight  and  free ; — 

The  world  of  waters  is  our  home, 

And  merry  men  are  we. 


7o 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


1,2.  “Ye  gentle  zephyrs,  breathe  with  calm  gale:”  a  fair 
maiden  asks  with  hushed  voice. — 3,  4.  Be  mine  (sit  mihi)  the 
North-wind  which  pipes  (strideo)  with  hoarse  breathing  (spira- 
men) ;  be  mine  heaving  waves  and  a  foamy  sea. — omit  “  mihi  ” 
in  line  4. — 5,  6.  Be  mine  foamy  billows  and  swelling  waves ;  let 
the  ship  be  free,  my  mates  (comes),  and  tight  (bene  texta). — 
7,  8.  Our  home,  I  ween  (Aids  vu.  7),  is  the  boundless  ocean 
(immensi  sequora  ponti) ;  We  are  an  ever  laughter-loving 
(amans,  with  gen.)  and  merry  crowd. — “  our,”  see  Aids  v. 

Observe  the  turning  of  “  the  world  of  waters  ” — a  literal 
rendering  would  be  simply  absurd. 

EXERCISE  CIV.  {same  continued). 

There's  tempest  in  yon  horned  moon, 

And  lightning  in  yon  cloud  : 

And  hark  !  the  music,  mariners, 

The  wind  is  piping  loud  : 

The  wind  is  piping  loud,  my  boys,  5 

The  lightning  flashing  free ; — 

While  the  hollow  oak  our  palace  is, 

Our  heritage  the  sea  ! 

1,  2.  Lo !  the  horned  (bicornis)  Moon  threatens  tempests; 
and  the  teeming  (gravidus)  clouds  bode  (moneo)  bright  flashes. — 
3,  4.  Are  we  deceived  ?  or  do  the  genial  murmurs  resound,  ye 
mariners  P  And  do  the  piping  blasts  roar  (fremo)  with  mighty 
sound  ? — “  Piping,”  see  Exercise  CIII.  3. — 5,  6.  The  piping 
blasts  roar,  and  the  East- wind  whistles  o’er  (insibilo)  the  waves  : 
whilst  the  whole  cloud-rack  (nubila  tota)  gleams  with  the 
flashing  (rapidus)  lightning. — 7,  8.  But  our  palace,  my  mates, 
is  the  hollow  oak  ;  we  are  the  heirs  and  offspring  of  Nereus. 

EXERCISE  CV.  {Sir  W.  Scott). 

He  is  gone  on  the  mountain, 

He  is  lost  to  the  forest. 

Like  a  summer- dried  fountain. 

When  our  need  was  the  sorest. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


71 


The  fount  re-appearing  5 

From  the  rain-drops  shall  borrow. 

But  to  us  comes  no  cheering, 

To  Duncan  no  morrow  ! 

1,  2.  He  is  seen  no  longer  on  his  native  mountains,  as  he  was 
before  ;  we  seek  our  lost  one  (vir)  through  the  whole  grove. — 
3,  4.  As  a  fountain’s  waters  are  dried  by  summer  suns,  our-dear- 
one  (noster)  is  a  sore  loss  (abest  non  bene)  in  our  utmost  need. 
See  Exercise  X.  Stanza  1.  2,  and  Aids  11.  1. — 5,  6.  That  fount 
in-turn  will  receive  (line  6)  waters  from  the  rain  showers,  and 
will  leap-forth  with  new  streams. — 7,  8.  Yet  to  us  comes  no 
comfort  (pi.)  for  our  sorrow,  and  to  thee,  Duncan,  no  morrow 
(crastina  dies). — See  Aids  vi. 

EXERCISE  CVI.  ( same  continued). 

The  hand  of  the  reaper 

Takes  the  ears  that  are  hoary ; 

But  the  voice  of  the  weeper 
Wails  manhood  in  glory. 

The  Autumn  winds  rushing  5 

Waft  the  leaves  that  are  searest ; 

But  our  flow'r  was  in  flushing, 

When  blighting  was  nearest ! 

1,  2.  The  reaper’s  right-hand  gathers  (Poet.  Orn.  /3)  the 
hoary  ears ;  we  weep  for  manhood’s  glory  (virile  decus)  with 
mournful  voice. — 3,  4.  ’Tis  true  (scilicet),  the  blasts  of  Autumn 
with  violent  course  hurry  hither  and  thither  (inde  vel  inde)  the 
yellowing  leaves. — 5,  6.  Yet  that  flow'ret  (line  6)  was  scarcely 
putting  forth  (do)  his  buds  and  first  blush,  when  (ut)  blighting 
(atra  dies)  stood  close  at  hand  (prsesens  adsto). 

Observe  the  vm  of  “  do  ”  with  subst.  =  verb  Aids  J.  a. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  CVII.  {Burns). 

Their  groves  o'  sweet  myrtle  let  foreign  lands 
reckon, 

Where  bright  beaming  summers  exalt  their  per¬ 
fume  ; 

Far  dearer  to  me  yon  lone  glen  o*  green  breckan, 
WF  the  burn  stealing  under  the  lang  yellow 
broom. 

Far  dearer  to  me  are  yon  humble  broom  bowers, 
Where  the  blue-bell  and  gowan  lurk  lowly  unseen : 
For  there  lightly  tripping  amang  the  wild  flowers, 

A  listening  the  linnet,  aft  wanders  my  Jean. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Let  others  reckon  their  shores  fragrant  with 
the  myrtle,  whose  (qneis.  Aids  v.)  perfume  is-increased  (cresco) 
by  the  bright  influence  of  the  sun. — 3,  4.  Sweeter  [to  me]  yon 
fern  is  green  in  the  lonely  glen,  where  the  yellow  broom  conceals 
the  silent  stream. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  Far  more  sweetly  smile  the  spots  crowded 
with  (plenus)  broom,  where  the  daisy  has  its  hiding-place  hard- 
by  (proximus)  the  violet. — 3,  4.  For  as  she  skips  (exsultans) 
wandering  (adj .)  through  the  wild  (incultus)  flowers,  Phyllis  oft 
seeks-again-and-again  (repeto)  thy  strains,  0  linnet  (Aids  vi.). 

EXERCISE  CVIII.  {Rowe). 

As  on  a  Summers  day 
In  the  greenwood  shade  I  lay. 

The  maid  that  I  loved, 

As  her  fancy  moved, 

Came  walking  forth  that  way. 

And  as  she  passed  by, 

With  a  scornful  glance  of  her  eye, 

“  What  a  shame,”  quoth  she, 

“  For  a  swain  it  must  be 
“  Like  a  lazy  loon  for  to  lie  l 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


73 


N.B.  This  is  a  Free  Translation.  See  Exercise  LXXXIX., 
note. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  By  chance  I  was  avoiding  the  heat  under  the 
greenwood  shade  (frondes  arborese) :  my  limbs  I  had  flung  to 
rest  (dederam  levanda,  n.  pi.)  on  the  grassy  couch. — 3,  4.  Be¬ 
hold,  through  the  midst  of  the  wood,  my  darling  (see  Exercise 
XX.  1),  Corinna,  came  (Poet.  Om.  k)  led  by  some  (nescio-quis) 
influence. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  She  passes  by,  and  threatening  with  stern 
(torvus)  eyes  she  exclaims,  “That  repose  of  thine,  Corydon, 
becomes  not  a  shepherd: — 3,  4.  Dost  thou  lie  down?”  said 
she ;  “  let  it  shame  thee  thus  to  waste  thy  time,  0  youth  lazier 
even  (ipse)  than  lazy  drones  !” 

Observe  the  Historic  present. 

EXERCISE  CIX.  {same  continued). 

u  And  dost  thou  nothing  heed 
“  What  Pan  our  god  hath  decreed, 

“  What  a  prize  to-day 
“  Shall  be  given  away 

“  To  the  sweetest  shepherd’s  reed  1 

“  There’s  not  a  single  swain, 

<(  Of  all  this  fruitful  plain, 

“  But  with  hopes  and  fears 
“  Now  busily  prepares 

“  The  bonny  boon  for  to  gain. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  “Is  it  thus  (Aids  vn.  9)  thou  despisest  the 
last  (novissimus)  decrees  of  our  [god]  Pan,  and  the  gifts  in  store 
(paratus)  for  the  rustic  band?” — 3.  “For  to-day  whosoever 
shall  have  (si  cui  fuerit.  Poet.  Orn.  8. — Si  quis — si  qua,  si  quid, 
are  often  used  much  as  quisquis,  &c.)  the  sweetest  reed. — 
4.  This  youth  victorious  shall  carry  off  worthy  rewards.” 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Transpose  the  lines. — “  Hope  and  fear  alike 
draw  all  the  shepherds  (line  2)  that  (Exercise  XL.  3)  the  fer¬ 
tile  plain  has  ready  to  contend.” 

Observe  that  the  word  “  certare  ”  expresses  line  5  of  Stanza  II.» 


74 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


especially  as  “praemia”  occurs  in  the  last  line  of  the  preceding 
Stanza. 


EXERCISE  CX.  {same  continued ). 

“  Shall  another  maiden  shine 
“  In  brighter  array  than  thine  ? 

“Up,  up,  dull  swain, 

“  Tune  thy  pipe  once  again, 

“  And  make  the  garland  mine.5' 

“  Alas  !  my  love/5  I  cried, 

“  What  avails  this  courtly  pride  ? 

“  Since  thy  dear  desert 
“  Is  written  on  my  heart, 

“  What  is  all  the  world  beside  ? 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  “Is  it  thus,  sluggard,  that  1  must  yield 
(cedendum  est)  to  other  maidens?  shall  any  shine  better- 
dressed  (cultior)  than  thy  mistress  ?  ” — 3,  4.  “  Come,  rise  now, 
shepherd,  practise  (meditor)  thy  former  strains,  that  the  festal 
garland  may  entwine  my  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  head.” 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  “Alas  !  my  love  (noster  amor),  what  avails  so 
great  pride,  which  is  better  displayed  (melius  sedet)  in  a  king’s 
face?”  I  cry. — 3,  4.  “And  since  I  have  thy  charms  (honor) 
written  in  my  breast,  there  is  nought  which  I  can  wish  for 
more  in  the  whole  world.” 


EXERCISE  CXI.  {same  continued). 

“  To  me  thou  art  more  gay 
“In  this  homely  russet  gray, 

“  Than  the  nymphs  of  our  green, 

“  So  trim  and  so  sheen, 

“  Or  the  brightest  Queen  of  May. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


75 


“What  though  my  Fortune  frown, 

“And  deny  thee  a  silken  gown; 

“  My  own  dear  maid, 

“  Be  content  with  this  shade, 

“  And  a  shepherd  all  thine  own !  ” 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  **  Mean  [though]  thy  garb  be,  for  me  thou 
walk’st  forth  most  beautiful ;  though  our  neighbours  (fern.)  be 
trim  (niteo),  thou  alone  art-trim  for  me.” — In  concessive  sen¬ 
tences  there  is  often  an  ellipse  of  “  quamvis,”  “  licet,”  &c. — 3, 4. 
“  Though  (licet,  Aids  vii.  3)  the  queen  sits  lovely  on  the  first 
of  May,  she  yields  to  thy  charms  (illecebrse),  dear  maid.” 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  “  Though  (licebit,  Aids  vn.  3)  Fortune  knit 
her  brow  into  frowns  (contraho  frontem  obductam),  and  suf¬ 
fer  thee  not  to  shine  in  a  purple  gown.” — 3,  4.  “  Yet  (at)  let 
it  be  enough  for  thee  to  sit  (Poet.  Orn.  y)  under  the  shade  with 
me,  and  to-be-mistress-of  (jus  habuisse  in,  with  acc.)  thy  shep¬ 
herd.” 

Observe  the  Proleptic  use  of  the  participle  in  Stanza  ii.  1. 
See  Exercise  LXIII.  note. 


EXERCISE  CXII. 

When  ye  Morning  riseth  redde, 

Rise  not  thou,  but  keepe  thy  Bedde. 

When  ye  Dawne  is  dull  and  graye, 

Sleepe  is  still  ye  better  Way. 

Beastes  arise  betimes; — but  then,  5 

They  are  Beastes,  and  We  are  Men. 

1,  2.  When  the  rising  Day-star  displays  his  ruddy  fires,  do 
thou  lie-quiet  all  the  same  (tamen) ;  rise  not  (Aids  i.  c)  from  thy 
couch. — 3,  4.  And  when  returning  Dawn  is  clouded  o’er  (ob- 
scuro)  with  gray  shroud,  What  is  better  than  sleep  ?  let  slumber 
be  thy  care. — 5,  6.  Beasts  rise  in  the  morning ; — be  not  moved 
by  their  example  (Aids  I.  c.).  We  [are]  men;  they  are  beasts,  a 
despised  herd. 


76 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  CXIII.  {same  continued). 

Is  ye  W eather  fayre  and  fine  ? 

It  shall  give  thee  Dreams  divine : 

Doth  it  poure  with  pelting  Rayne  ? 

*Tis  a  Hint  to  doze  agayne. 

Is  it  neither  Drye  nor  Wette  ?  5 

Waite  nntill  ye  Weathers  sette. 

1,  2.  If  only  (raodo)  Jupiter  shall  smile  (Poet.  Orn.  3)  clear 
in  the  summer  sky,  he  will  send  thee  visions  of  angels  to-see 
(part,  in  -dus).  See  Exercise  LXIX. — 3,  4.  Again  (Exercise 
XII.  note),  if  he  shall  descend  pitiless  (ssevus)  with  teeming 
shower,  he  implies  (sibi  vult)  by  this  warning,  “  Seek  (adeo)  Sleep 
again.” — 5,  6.  Is  it  doubtful  (in  ambiguo  est)  whether  he  has 
come  dry  or  (an)  wet:  still  (at)  do  thou  Wait  until  he  come 
with-more-settled-face  (vultu  certior) :  Omit  “utrum”  in  line 
6.  Cf.  Exercise  X.  Stanza  hi.  4. 

Note  the  use  of  Jupiter,  for  the  upper  air ,  weather ,  &c. 

EXERCISE  CXIV.  {same  continued). 

Wouldst  thon  walke  unscavenged  Streetes, 
Catch  from  shaken  Mattes  ye  Sweetes, 

Straye  forlorne  through  chillie  Roomes, 

Stumble  over  casuall  Broomes, 

Scowling  House-Maydes  round  thee  scan  ?  5 

These  befall  ye  earlie  Man. 

1 ,  2.  Dost  thou  wish  to  walk  through  streets  unsightly  with 
filth  P  wouldst  thou  (vin',  for  vis-ne)  receive  in  thy  mouth  the 
mud  of  the  shaken  mat? — 3,  4.  Wouldst  thou  roam  chilly  in 
the  desolate  hall,  stumbling  (offendo  pedem)  here  and  there 
upon  brooms  ?  (scopce,  pi.) — 5,  6.  Dost  thou  wish  maidservants 
around  to  quiz  (scrutaner)  thee  with  sullen  face  ?  These  things 
chance  gives  to  early  (matutinus)  men  to  have. 

Observe  the  old  form  of  the  infinitive,  “  scrutarier :  ”  and 
“  habere,”  Greek  construction,  after  “  dat.”  Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  v. 
247:  ix.  362. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


77 


EXERCISE  CX V.  ( same  continued ). 

Morninge  Sleepe  avoydeth  Broyles, 

Wasteth  not  in  greedy e  Toyles  : 

Doth  not  suffer  Care  nor  Greefe : 

Giveth  aking  Bones  Keleefe. 

Of  all  ye  Crimes  beneath  ye  Sunne,  5 

Say,  “  Which  in  Morninge  Sleepe  was  done  ?  " 

1, 2.  Slumbers  sought  in-the-morning  are-wont-to-avoid  (Poet. 
Orn.  /3)  quarrels :  and  waste  not  (comminuo,  perf.)  the  mind 
with  the  desire  of  gain. — 3,  4.  They  (hi)  are  wont  to  banish 
cares  and  griefs  alike  (Aids  in.  and  Exercise  IX.  3) :  they 
relieve  also  the  bones  of  the  worn-out  body. — 5,  6.  Shouldst 
thou  unfold  all  the  crimes  that  (Exercise  XXXII.  3)  have 
been  committed  (peractus)  in-the-world  (ubicunque),  how  small 
(quotus)  a  part  is- wont  to  happen  in  the  morning  in  sleep  ! 


EXERCISE  CXVI.  {Smollett). 

To  fix  her — 'twere  a  task  as  vain 
To  count  the  April  drops  of  rain. 

To  sow  in  Afric's  barren  soil. 

Or  tempests  hold  within  a  toil. 

I  know  it,  friend ;  she's  light  as  air. 

False  as  the  fowler's  artful  snare ; 

Inconstant  as  the  passing  wind. 

As  Winter's  dreary  frost  unkind. 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Thy  aim  is  vain  (vana  petis) :  not  more  fool¬ 
ishly  dost  thou  count  the  Spring  showers,  than  if  thou  believest 
that  faith  is-in  maidens. — 3,  4.  Just  as  well  (haud  aliter)  wilt 
thou  plough  the  barren  sands  of  Libya,  or  confine  in  a  net  the 
strength  (Poet.  Orn.  a)  of  the  tempests. 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  [Though]  the  breeze  [is]  light,  I  own,  still  she 
is  lighter :  be  the  fowler  skilled-in  (doctus,  with  acc.)  snares,  she 
comes  more  skilled. — 3,  4.  She  has  (Exercise  XXIY.  note) 


78 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


inconstancy  like  the  rapid  winds  ;  and  a  heart  (pi.)  colder  than 
Winter’s  frost. 

Observe  in  Stanza  n.  1  the  ellipse  of  “licet.”  Cf.  Exercise 
CXI.  Stanza  i.  1. 

EXERCISE  CXVII.  {same  continued). 

Blushing  at  such  inglorious  reign, 

I  sometimes  strive  to  break  her  chain ; 

My  reason  summon  to  my  aid. 

Resolve  no  more  to  be  betray'd. 

Ah !  friend,  'tis  but  a  short-lived  trance. 
Dispell'd  by  one  enchanting  glance ; 

She  need  but  look,  and  I  confess 
Those  looks  completely  curse  or  bless. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Oft-times  (ssepius)  I  have  been  ashamed  to 
yield  to  her  dishonourable  sway,  and  I  strive  to  break  my 
mistress’  chains. — 3,  4.  I  determine  by  reason  to  overcome  my 
foolish  passion  (furor),  and  not  to  weep  for  a  troth  so  often 
violated  by  crime. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  But  the  new  dreams,  alas !  fly  from  my  eyes ; 
so  bewitching  (magicus)  a  charm  shines  in  her  peerless  face. — 
3,  4.  If  only  as  she  gazes  she  turns  her  roving  eyes  on  me,  I  am 
carried  e’en  (usque)  to  heaven  or  hell.  See  Exercise  LXIX.  12, 
note. 

EXERCISE  CXVIII.  {Byron). 

The  better  days  of  life  were  ours ; 

The  worst  can  be  but  mine : 

The  sun  that  cheers,  the  storm  that  lowers, 
Shall  never  more  be  thine. 

The  silence  of  that  dreamless  sleep 
I  envy  now  too  much  to  weep ; 

Nor  need  I  to  repine 
That  all  those  charms  have  pass'd  away, 

I  might  have  watch'd  through  long  decay. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


79 


1,  2.  Together  vve  saw  the  hours  (tempora)  of  a  better  life  go 
by ;  for  the  rest  (quod  superest)  I  alone  shall  suffer  the  worst 
(n.  pi.). — 3,  4.  Alike  thou  art  free  from  the  joyous  sun  and  the 
gloomy  storm ;  thou  hast  finished  (tibi  finis  adest,  with  gen.) 
sorrow  and  joy. — 5,  6.  Gained  by  thee  (tibi,  dat.  after  pass, 
part.)  [is]  the  unbroken  silence  (pi.)  of  placid  sleep, — a  repose  to 
be  longed  for  rather  than  wept  for  by  me. — 7,  8.  Nor  boots  it  to 
bewail  with  sighing  thy  perished  charms,  which  I  wigh  t  have 
seen  (potui  cernere)  depart  with  slow  decay. 


EXERCISE  CXIX.  ( same  continued). 

The  flower  in  ripen'd  bloom  unmatched 
Must  fall  the  earliest  prey  : 

Though  by  no  hand  untimely  snatch'd 
The  leaves  must  drop  away : 

And  yet  it  were  a  greater  grief 
To  watch  it  withering,  leaf  by  leaf. 

Than  see  it  pluck'd  to-day  : — 

Since  earthly  eyes  but  ill  can  bear 
To  trace  the  change  to  foul  from  fair. 

1,  2.  The  rose  which  was  blushing  loveliest  with  crimson 
flower,  perishes  untimely  (ante  diem)  carried  off  by  a  sudden 
death. — 3,  4.  Though  (licet,  Aids  vn.  3)  the  hand  forbear  to 
pluck  the  opening  (nascens)  bud,  ere  long  (protinus)  it  will  fall 
with  shed  leaves. — 5,  6.  But  yet  if  its  beauty  (gratia)  were  to 
depart  (pres,  subj.)  gradually  before  our  eyes,  and  all  their 
loveliness  (decus)  should  fall  from  the  leaves  from-day-to-day 
(in  —  diem), — 7,  8.  Ah  !  with  how  much  greater  grief  should 
we  follow  the  flower,  than  if  its  glory  were  snatched  away 
(diripio)  at  once.— 9,  10.  Mortal  eyes,  I  ween  (Aids  vil.  7), 
regret  (doleo,  line  10)  lost  beauty,  and  things  disfigured  [that 
were]  fair  before.  Aids  S.  b. 


8o 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  CXX.  {same  co7itinued). 

I  know  not  if  I  could  have  borne 
To  see  thy  beauties  fade  : 

The  night  that  follow'd  such  a  morn 
Had  worn  a  deeper  shade. 

Thy  day  without  a  cloud  hath  pass' d,  5 

And  thou  wert  lovely  to  the  last, 
Extinguish'd,  not  decay'd, — 

As  stars  that  shoot  along  the  sky 
Shine  brightest  as  they  fall  front  high. 

1,  2.  Scarcely,  methinks  (puto),  should  I  have  been  able  to  see 
thy  drooping  smiles,  whilst  all-that  (tantus)  beauty  in  thy  (tibi) 
face  was  fading  away : — 3,  4.  Even  the  very  night  (line  4),  which 
came  on  next  to  such  a  day  (lux),  would  have  departed  with 
blacker  steeds  (Aids  i.  e). — 5,  6.  But  for  thee  the  day  ever  shone 
joyous  without  a  cloud:  thou  wert  bright  and  fair  (nites  Candida. 
Poet.  Orn.  k)  in  thy  last  moment  (tempus),  as  [thou  wert] 
before.— 7,  8.  Thou  liest  hid  though  undecayed  (incorruptus) : 

just  as  always  the  stars  that  have  fallen  from  the  highest 
heaven  shine  the  brightest  (line  7). 

EXERCISE  CXXI.  (< Cowper ). 

The  rose  bad  been  wash'd,  just  wash'd  in  a  shower. 
Which  Mary  to  Anna  convey'd ; 

The  plentiful  moisture  encumber'd  the  flower, 

And  weigh'd  down  its  beautiful  head. 

The  cup  was  all  fill'd,  and  the  leaves  were  all  wet ; 

And  it  seem'd  to  a  fanciful  view 
To  weep  for  the  buds  it  had  left  with  regret. 

On  the  flourishing  bush  where  it  grew. 

I  hastily  seized  it,  unfit  as  it  was 

For  a  nosegay,  so  dripping  and  drown'd; 

And  swinging  it  rudely,  too  rudely,  alas ! 

I  snapp'd  it — it  fell  to  the  ground  ! 


EXERCISES  IN  LAT/JV  VERSE 


Si 


Stanza  I.  1,  2.  My  Mary  conveyed  to  Anna  the  rose  which 
a  shower  had  just  washed  with  sudden  rain.  Transpose  these 
lines. — B,  4.  The  flower  wearied  with  the  abundant  (nimius) 
weight  of  water  (pi.)  felt  the  burden  ;  and  many  a  drop  weighs 
down  its  lovely  head. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  The  plentiful  moisture  had  fill’d  both  the 
leaves  and  the  cup ;  and  it  (fern.)  was  exhibiting  (do)  the  signs 
which  weepers  are  wont  to  exhibit. — 3,  4.  It  seemed  to  me,  I 
remember,  to  bewail  the  buds  it-had-left,  which  once  blushed 
with  sister  (socius)  leaves. 

Stanza  hi.  1,  2.  Hastily  (haud  mora)  I  seized  it :  not  yet 
was  it  meet  to  have  snatched  it :  it  was  too  wet,  and  unfit  (nec 
satis  apta)  to  be  gathered. — B,  4.  And  whilst  my  rude  (male 
cautus.  Aids  ii.  2)  hand  shakes  the  dripping  leaves,  Alas  me  ! 
the  lately  beautiful  flower  fell  on  the  ground ! 

EXERCISE  CXXII.  (Habington). 

Faire  mistresse  of  the  earth  with  garlands  crown'd, 
Rise,  by  a  lover's  charme,  from  the  parcht  ground. 
And  shew  thy  flowery  wealth  :  that  she,  where  ere 
Her  starres  shall  guide  her,  meete  thy  beauties  there. 
Should  she  to  the  cold  Northern  climates  goe,  5 
Force  thy  affrighted  lilies  there  to  grow, 

Thy  roses  in  those  gelid  fields  t'  appeare ; — 

She  absent,  I  have  all  their  winter  here. 

Or  if  to  th'  torrid  zone  her  way  she  bend, 

Her  the  cool  breathinge  of  Favonius  lend,  io 

Thither  command  the  birds  to  bring  their  quires  : 
That  zone  is  temperate ;  I  have  all  his  fires. 

Attend  her,  courteous  Spring,  though  we  should 
here 

Lose  by  it  all  the  treasures  of  the  yeare. 

1,  2.  Fair  goddess  of  the  earth,  crowned  with  fresh  garlands, 
a  lover  prays  thee,  rise  invoked  from  the  parched  ground. — 
3,  4.  Come  now  (eia  age),  unfold  the  country’s  wealth :  and  to 
my  mistress  display  thy  beauties  (veneres),  whithersoever  the 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


stars  may  guide  lier  steps. — Exercise  XXI.  5,  G,  note. — 5,  6. 
Whether  in  her  course  she  seek  the  colds  of  the  Rhipcean  clime, 
do  thou  bid  the  lilies  blow  with  quivering  flower. — 7,  8.  Make 
the  rose  put  forth  (fac,  with  subj.)  its  buds  o’er  the  cold  plains; 
When  she  is  absent,  a  Northern  winter  besets  (premo)  me. — 
9,  10.  Or  if  she  wend  her  way  to  the  heat  of  the  torrid  zone, 
make  the  breeze  of  the  gentle  Zephyr  fan  her  path. — 11,  12. 
Hither  mayst  thou  bid  the  birds  bring  together  their  tuneful 
choirs ;  there  the  zone  is  mild ;  hither  it  has  brought  its  fires. — 
13,  14.  Mayst  thou  be  my  Mistress’  companion,  genial  Spring, 
although  plenty  of  the  wealth  which  the  year  is  wont  to  givu 
(Poet.  Orn.  /3)  fails  us. — “Wealth”  in  line  14. 

EXERCISE  CXXIII.  (Sir  W.  Scott). 

Harp  of  the  North,  farewell !  the  hills  grow  dark, 
On  purple  peaks  a  deeper  shade  descending ; 

In  twilight  copse  the  glow-worm  lights  her  spark, 
The  deer,  half-seen,  are  to  the  covert  wending. 
Resume  thy  wizard  elm  !  the  fountain  lending,  5 
And  the  wild  breeze,  thy  wilder  minstrelsy ; 

Thy  numbers  sweet  with  Nature's  vespers  blending. 
With  distant  echo  from  the  fold  and  lea. 

And  herd-boy's  evening  pipe,  and  hum  of  housing 
bee 

1,  2.  Farewell,  Scotch  harp !  the  hills  grow  dark ;  and  a 
deeper  (auctus)  shade  broods-o’er  the  purple  peaks. — 3,  4.  The 
woods  twinkle  (corusco)  through  the  darkness  with  the  glow¬ 
worm’s  fire ;  the  hind  seeks  the  thickets  under  the  dim  (dubius) 
light. — 5,  6.  Do  thou  seeking-again  thy  magic  elm,  give  to  the 
fountain  harmonious  (consonus)  murmurs,  give  them  to  the 
sad  Notus,  thyself  more  sad. — 7,  8.  Whilst  evening  voices 
resound  together  on  every  side ;  and  far  o’er  the  fields  the  fold 
echoes  the  melody ; — 9,  10.  What  time  (tempore  quo)  the  shep¬ 
herd  times  his  pipe  though  late,  and  the  bee  hums  gently  at 
the  hives.  (See  Virg.  Eel.  x.  51.) 

Observe,  in  line  1,  “chorda,”  the  part  for  the  whole.  See 
Exercise  V.,  note.  Also  observe  the  repetition  of  the  verb  in 
lines  5,  6. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


83 


EXERCISE  CXXIV.  ( same  continued). 

Yet,  once  again,  farewell,  thou  minstrel  harp  ! 

Yet,  once  again,  forgive  my  feeble  sway ; 

And  little  reck  I  of  the  censure  sharp 
May  idly  cavil  at  an  idle  lay. 

Much  have  I  owed  thy  strains  on  life's  long  way,  5 
Through  secret  woes  the  world  has  never  known. 
When  on  the  weary  night  dawn'd  wearier  day. 

And  bitterer  was  the  grief  devour'd  alone. 

That  I  o'erlive  such  woes,  Enchantress,  is  thine  own  ! 

1,  2.  Yet  once  again  farewell  (valeas),  0  lyre  most  dear  to 
the  bard;  forgive  me  (da  veniam),  that  I  unworthy  have 
touched  thy  strings. — 3,  4.  Nought  reck  I  (moror)  of  the  judg¬ 
ment  of  the  sharp  critic,  If  he  a  trifler  (tenuis)  thinks  my  songs 
trifling. — Scan  “tenvia.”  See  Exercise  XXIY.  1,  note.— 5,  6. 
In  what  (quid)  hath  not  thy  voice  helped  me  through  life’s 
weary  hours  (tcedia),  as  often  as  my  heart  swells  with  hidden 
grief? — 7,  8.  When  sadder  dawn  hath  chased  away  the  sad 
shades  of  night ;  and  the  sorrow  ivhich-I-might-not- share  (non 
sociandus)  was  heavier. — 9,  10.  That  (quod)  I  have  been  able  to 
live  down  (vivendo  vincere.  Cf.  Virgil,  Mn.  xi.  160)  such  cares, 
is  all  thy  gift,  persuasive  Muse. — Cf.  Horace,  C.  iv.  3.  21, 
“  Totum  hoc  muneris  est  tui.” 

For  the  use  of  “moror”  in  line  3,  cf.  Virg.  Ain.  v.  400; 
Propert.  i.  19.  2. 

EXERCISE  CXXV.  ( same  continued). 

Hark!  as  my  lingering  footsteps  slow  retire. 

Some  Spirit  of  the  air  has  waked  thy  string ! 

'Tis  now  a  seraph  bold,  with  touch  of  fire ; 

'Tis  now  the  brush  of  Fairy's  frolic  wing. 
Receding  now,  the  dying  numbers  ring  5 

Fainter  and  fainter  down  the  rugged  dell ; 

And  now  the  mountain  breezes  scarcely  bring 
A  wandering  witch-note  of  the  distant  spell — 
And  now  'tis  silent  all ! — Enchantress,  fare  thee  well! 

G  2 


84 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


1,  2.  Am  I  mistaken?  or,  as  I  wend  my  slow  steps  backward, 
has  some  (nescio-quis)  deity  stirred  the  strings  to  melody 
(canorus.  See  Exercise  LXIII.,  note  on  Prolejpsis). — 3,  4. 
Whether  they  exult  wildly  (temere),  fervid  with  a  Phosbus’ 
(adj.)  touch,  or  quiver  with  the  Dryad’s  passing  wing. — 
5,  6.  And  now,  receding  gradually  amid  the  dells  (anfractus) 
and  rocks,  the  song  dies-away  fainter  and  fainter. — 7,  8.  And 
now,  while  the  spell  (dulcedo)  is  carried  (abl.  abs.)  far  o’er 
the  mountains,  the  fitful  (mobilis)  breeze  has  scarce  brought  the 
uncertain  sounds. — 9,  10.  Ere  long  (nec  mora),  the  lands  lulled- 
to-sleep  are  hushed  (traho  silentia,  n.  pi.) ;  O  Scotch  harp, 
powerful  in  magic  art,  farewell ! 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  Comparative  in  line  6. 

EXERCISE  CXXVI.  {Prior). 

Each  evening  I  behold  the  setting  sun 
With  downward  speed  into  the  ocean  run  : 

Yet  the  same  light  (pass  but  some  fleeting  hours) 
Exerts  his  vigour  and  renews  his  powers  : 

Starts  the  bright  race  again  :  his  constant  flame 
Rises  and  sets,  returning  still  the  same.  6 

I  mark  the  various  fury  of  the  winds  : 

These  neither  seasons  guide,  nor  order  binds  : 
They  now  dilate,  and  now  contract  their  force  : 
Various  their  speed,  but  endless  is  their  course. 

1,  2.  We  have  seen  the  setting  sun  every  (Aids  n.  1)  evening, 
how  (qualis)  he  is  precipitated  into  the  waters  of  the  sea. — 
3,  4.  But  still — [if]  a  short  time  shall  have  passed  (exeo) — with 
increased  strength  He  is  present  again,  vigorous  with  the  same 
(Aids  II.  1)  light ; — 5,  6.  Repeats  his  bright  course  the  same, 
and  the  same  returns,  with  unaltered  (certus)  flame,  whether  he 
rises  or  sets. — 7,  8.  I  have  seen  the  battles  and  various  furies 
of  the  winds,  whom  no  laws,  no  seasons,  subdue. — 9,  10.  Whose 
(queis)  rage  is  at-one-time  contracted,  at  another  dilates  unre¬ 
strained  (libera  gliscit)  :  this  one  is  swifter  than  that,  but  there 
is  no  respite  of  their  flight. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


85 


Observe  the  ellipse  of  “  si  ”  in  line  3.  Cf.  Exereise  XXXYII. 
note. 


EXERCISE  CXXVII.  {same  continued). 

From  his  first  fountain  and  beginning  ooze 

Down  to  the  sea  each  brook  and  torrent  flows : 

Though  sundry  drops  or  leave  or  swell  the  stream, 

The  whole  still  runs  with  equal  pace  the  same. 

Still  other  waves  supply  the  rising  urns,  5 

And  the  eternal  flood  no  want  of  water  mourns. 

1,  2.  Gliding  from  his  first  fountains  and  first  ooze  (origo), 
the  torrent  flows  to  (adeo)  the  sea,  the  brook  flows  to  the  sea. — 
3,  4.  [Whether]  some  drop  be  lost  (nescio  quid  pereat)  to  the 
stream,  or  increase  it,  the  stream  (ipse)  keeps  on  the  even  (imper- 
turbatus)  course,  which  it  did  before. — 5,  6.  The  rising  (undans) 
urns  boil  with  ever  fresh  waves,  and  the  eternal  (vividus)  tide 
mourns  not  its  lost  waters. 

Observe  the  repetition  in  line  2 :  and  for  the  omission  of 
“  sive  ”  in  line  3,  compare  Exercise  X.  Stanza  in.  4. 

EXERCISE  CXXVIII.  (. Aytoun ). 

On  the  holy  mount  of  Ida, 

Where  the  pine  and  cypress  grow. 

Sat  a  young  and  lovely  woman. 

Weeping  ever,  weeping  low. 

Drearily  throughout  the  forest  5 

Did  the  winds  of  Autumn  blow ; 

And  the  clouds  above  were  flying, 

And  Scamander  roll'd  below. 

1,  2.  Where  the  holy  tops  of  Ida’s  mount  rise;  where  the  pine 
forest  is-green  mingled  with  the  cypresses : — 3,  4.  Whilst  a 
nymph  sits  here,  most  lovely  in  the  prime  of  youth,  she  weeps 
alone  (secum)  in  silence  through  the  livelong  days. — 5,  6.  Here 
the  blasts  piping  with  autumnal  uproar  (tumultus)  drearily 
(adj.)  gave  dreary  sounds  throughout  the  grove. — 7,  8.  Here-and- 


86 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


there  (rarus)  the  clouds  above  were  flitting  in  the  changeful 
sky ;  Scamander  was  rolling  his  waters  in  the  vale  below  (im& 
valle).  See  Caution  H. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  adj.  in  line  6. 

EXERCISE  CXXIX.  (. same  continued). 

“  Faithless  Paris  !  cruel  Paris  !  '' 

(Thus  the  poor  deserted  spake) — 

“  Wherefore  thus  so  strangely  leave  me  ? 

“  Why  thy  loving  bride  forsake  ? 

Why  no  tender  word  at  parting —  5 

“  Why  no  kiss,  no  farewell  take  ? 

“  W ould  that  I  could  but  forget  thee  ! 

“  Would  this  throbbing  heart  might  break  !'' 

1,  2.  Alas !  where  is  thy  plighted  troth  P  is  it  thus  thou 
leav’st  me,  cruel  Paris  P — (the  unhappy  nymph  begins  thus  to 
complain  to  herself.) — 3,  4.  Couldst  thou  thus  (Aids  vn.  9) 
abandon  (line  4)  me,  who  deserved  not  such  a  fate  (pi.  Poet. 
Orn.  a),  and  the  couch  of  thy  dear  wife  ?  See  Poet.  Orn.  y. — 
5,  6.  Why  at  parting  (fugiens)  didst  thou  refuse  kisses  and 
loving1  words,  while  thy  tongue  failed  (nec  sustinuit)  to  say 
“  Farewell  ?” — 7,  8.  0  that  (0  si)  my  heart  could  end  its  over¬ 
whelming  (nimius)  pains,  and  that  face  of  thine  (iste)  perish-from 
(excido)  my  mind ! 

EXERCISE  CXXX.  (Sir  W.  Scott). 

0  lady,  twine  no  wreath  for  me, 

Or  twine  it  of  the  cypress-tree. 

Too  lively  glow  the  lilies  light, 

The  varnish'd  holly's  all  too  bright ; 

The  May  flower  and  the  eglantine  5 

May  shade  a  brow  less  sad  than  mine ; 

But,  lady,  weave  no  wreath  for  me, 

Or  weave  it  of  the  cypress-tree. 


1  Cf.  Exercise  LXXXVIII.  15,  foot  note. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


87 


1,  2.  Either  twine  no  wreath  for  me,  Lalage ,  Or  let  it  be 
twined  from  the  leaves  of  the  cypress.  Repeat  “null  us”  in  line  1. 
— 3,  4.  The  lilies  shine  inlaid-with  too  bright  a  lustre  (nimios 
incocta  nitores)  :  and  the  arbute  blushes  painted  with  too-deep 
(nimius)  a  hue. — 5,  6.  Garlands  of  marigolds  may  shade  a 
happier  head  than  mine,  and  the  rose  which  blushes  growing 
wild  (nullo  nata  serente). 

Observe  the  construction  of  “incoctus.”  It  is  an  instance  of 
the  passive  verb  used  in  a  middle  sense.  Cf.  Virg.  Eel.  iii.  106, 
“  Flores  inscripti  nomina  regum;”  and  Hor.  Sat.  i.  6.  74,  “  Lsevo 
suspensi  loculos  tabulamque  lacerto.” 

EXERCISE  CXXXI.  {same  continued). 

Let  dimpled  Mirth  his  temples  twine 
With  tendrils  of  the  laughing  vine. 

The  manly  oak,  the  pensive  yew, 

To  patriot  and  to  sage  be  due  : 

The  myrtle  bough  bids  lovers  live,  5 

But  that  Matilda  will  not  give ; 

Then,  lady,  twine  no  wreath  for  me, 

Or  twine  it  of  the  cypress-tree. 

1,  2.  Let  it  delight  Euphrosyne,  who  displays  in  her  face  the 
ready  (facilis)  dimples,  to  surround  her  temples  with  the  joyous 
vine. — dimple,  “  lacuna.” — 3,  4.  The  manly  oak  graces  him  who 
is  brave  in  behalf  of  his  country  ;  The  yew  due  to  him  (debitus) 
encircles  (amo)  the  sage  (consiliis  aptus). — 5,  6.  Furthermore 
(Aids  VII.  10),  the  myrtle  strengthens  afflicted  lovers,  but  / 
shall  not  have  (sum,  with  dat.)  the  myrtle  from  thee,  0  Lalage 
— 7,  8.  Therefore  forbear  to,  &c.,  &c.  (Aids  1.  c.) 

Observe  Euphrosyne,  Mirth  personified. 

EXERCISE  CXXXI  I.  {same  continued). 

Let  merry  England  proudly  rear 
Her  blended  roses,  bought  so  dear ; 

Let  Albyn  bind  her  bonnet  blue 
With  heath  and  harebell  dipped  in  dewj 


88 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


On  favoured  Erm/s  crest  be  seen 

Tbe  flower  she  loves  of  emerald  green: 

Bui,  lady,  twine  no  wreath  for  me, 

Or  twine  it  of  the  cypress-tree. 

1,  2.  Let  England  exulting  proudly-display  (jacto)  on  high 
both  her  roses  (utramque  rosam), — the  prizes  which  she  won  for 
herself  with  so  much  blood.  Transpose  the  lines. — 8,  4.  And 
let  Caledonia  twine  on  her  blue  bonnet  (apex)  the  heath,  and  the 

dewy  leaves  which  the  hyacinth  gives.  (Aids  vi.) — 5,  6.  Though 
happy  Hibernia  hath  decked  her  crest  with  the  flower  which 
is-brightly-green  (ridet  viridis)  with  emerald  (adj.)  leaf.  See 
Cautions  b.  h. — 7,  8.  As  above. 

Observe  the  apposition  in  lines  1,  2. 

EXERCISE  CXXXIII.  [same  continued). 

Strike  the  wild  harp,  while  maids  prepare 
The  ivy  meet  for  mins  treks  hair ; 

And,  while  his  crown  of  laurel  leaves 
With  bloody  hand  the  victor  weaves. 

Let  the  loud  trump  his  triumph  tell :  5 

But,  when  you  hear  the  passing-bell, 

Then,  lady,  twine  a  wreath  for  me. 

And  twine  it  of  the  cypress -tree. 

1,  2.  Wildly  (raptim)  strike  the  lyre ;  then  (inde)  let  maidens 
hastily-weave  (depropero)  for  minstrel’s  (musaeiis,  adj.)  hah*  the 
ivy  (pi.),  meet  offerings. — 3,  4.  And  when  the  victor  (line  4) 
shall  proceed  (pergo)  to  bind  into  the  garland  he  has-won 
(meritus)  wreaths  of-laurel  (adj.)  with  bloody  hand. — 5,  6.  Then 
let  the  iron  voice  of  the  clarion  proclaim  his  triumph  with  its 
brass.  Do  thou,  when  the  breeze  shall  bring  the  mournful  notes, 
— 7,  8.  Then  wreathe  for  me,  I  pray,  &c.,  &c. 

Observe  the  apposition  in  line  2. 

EXERCISE  CXXXIV.  {same  continued). 

Yes,  twine  for  me  tbe  cypress-bougb, 

But,  0  Matilda,  twine  not  now  : 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


89 


Stay  till  a  few  brief  months  are  past, 

And  I  have  look’d  and  loved  my  last. 

When  villagers  my  shroud  bestrew  5 

With  pansies,  rosemary,  and  rue, — 

Then,  lady,  weave  a  wreath  for  me. 

And  weave  it  of  the  cypress-tree. 

1,  2.  Yes  (immo),  twine  for  me,  &c.,  &c. :  but  weave  it  not 
now  (Aids  1.  c),  0  Lalage,  I  pray. — 3,  4.  Weave  it  not,  I  pray, 
until  a  short  part  of  the  rapid  year  has  flown,  and  light  and  love 
perish  for  me. — 5,  6.  What  time  (tempore  quo)  the  villagers 
(pagus)  have  placed  my  bier  under  violets,  and  rosemary,  and 
rue. — “  Supposuere  ”  in  line  6. 

Observe  the  repetition  in  line  3.  Poet  Orn.  £.  Also  observe 
how  in  line  5  “bestrew  ”  is  expressed  by  the  verb  “  suppono,”  with 
a  very  slight  change  of  idiom. 

EXERCISE  CXXXV.  {W.  C.  Bryant). 

Stay,  rivulet,  nor  haste  to  leave 

The  lovely  vale  that  lies  around  thee ; 

Why  wouldst  thou  be  a  sea  at  eve, 

When  but  a  fount  the  morning  found  thee  ? 

Born  when  the  skies  begun  to  glow. 

Humblest  of  all  the  rocks’  cold  daughters. 

No  blossom  bow’d  its  head  to  show 

Where  stole  thy  still  and  scanty  waters. 

Now  on  thy  stream  the  noon -beams  look. 
Usurping,  as  thou  downward  driftest. 

Its  crystal  from  the  clearest  brook, 

Its  rushing  current  from  the  swiftest. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Stay  (Exercise  Y.  Stanza  11.  2),  rivulet :  why 
art-thou-eager  to  leave  the  vale,  which  in-its-loveliness  (amoenus) 
surrounds  thy  green  banks. — 3,  4.  Just  now  thou  didst  go  forth 
from  a  fount,  when  the  first  dawn  saw  thee ;  why  at  eve  dost 
thou  desire  to  be  a  part  of  the  mighty  sea  P 


90 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


Stanza  n.  1,  2.  When  the  day  was  in  its  earliest  dawn  (turn 
primum  exoriente,  abl.  abs.)  there  was  no  other  humbler  (tenuis) 
nymph  sprung  from  the  cold  rock  (pumex). — 3,  4.  Nor  did  any 
flower  with  bowed  head  (cervix)  mark  Where  thy  wave  was 
winding  stealthily  with  silent  course. 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  Now  the  sun  looks  down  on  thee  from  the 
midst  of  heaven  (axis),  while  thou  rollest  thy  swollen  waters 
with  full  current  (agmen) : — 3,  4.  Brighter  than  the  clearest 
wave  which  glides  along,  And  more  impetuous  (acer)  than  any 
[wave]  rushes  with  rapid  flight. 

Observe  that  “  tenuior  ”  is  scanned  “  tenvior.”  Cf.  Exercise 
XXIY.  1.  In  Stanza  in.  3,  observe  the  attraction  “  quam 
( unda )  quae  unda,”  &c.  See  Appendix.  Table  IY.  B.  8.  b. 

EXERCISE  CXXXVI.  (same  continued). 

Ah  !  what  wild  haste  !  and  all  to  be 
A  river  and  expire  in  ocean : 

Each  fountain's  tribute  hurries  thee 

To  that  vast  grave  with  quicker  motion. 

Far  better  'twere  to  linger  still 

In  this  green  vale,  these  flowers  to  cherish, 

And  die  in  peace,  an  aged  rill, 

Than  thus,  a  youthful  Danube,  perish  ! 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  Ah  me,  whither  hurriest  thou  ?  what  glory  of 
a  mighty  river  (line  2)  is  so-precious  (tantus)  ?  or  why  delights 
it  to  perish  in  Ocean  ? — 3,  4.  The  very  fountains  thrust  thee 
into  vast  oblivion ;  increased  by  the  fountains,  thou  hast 
[cause]  why  thou  shouldst  more  quickly  perish. 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  Why  dost  thou  not  (quin),  lingering  (past 
part.)  happy  with  me  in  the  green  vale,  cherish  the  flowery 
fields  with  tranquil  stream, — 3,  4.  And  rather  waste-away 
(2  pers.  ind.  pass.)  [as]  a  brook  with  long  time,  than  die  a 
river,  o’erwhelmed  with  speedy  end  (funus)  P 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


91 


EXERCISE  CXXXVII.  (C.  Smith). 

Sweet  poet  of  the  woods,  a  long  adieu  ! 

Farewell,  soft  minstrel  of  the  early  year  ! 

Ah,  ' twill  be  long  ere  thou  shalt  sing  anew 

And  pour  thy  music  on  the  night's  dull  ear. 

Whether  on  Spring  thy  wandering  flights  await,  ; 

Or  whether  silent  in  our  groves  you  dwell, 

The  pensive  Muse  shall  own  thee  for  her  mate. 

And  still  protect  the  song  she  loves  so  well. 

1,  2.  Most  pleasing  in  song  amid  the  birds  that  haunt  the 
woods  (silvicola),  farewell,  soft  harbinger  of  the  early  year. — 3, 4. 
When  wilt  thou  sing-anew  (repato,  Poet.  Om.  r)  at  length  thy 
songs  for  us,  and  chaunt  the  strains  which  the  dull-eared  (surda 
aure,  Aids  1.  i.)  night  may  drink  in? — 5,  6.  Whether  thou 
fliest,  awaiting  the  lingering  season  (pi.)  of  Spring,  or  frequent- 
est  our  grove,  a  silent  inhabitant, — 7, 8.  Thee  pensive  Melpomene 
shall  attach  (socio)  to  herself  as  a  friend,  Melpomene,  herself  the 
guardian  of  her  favourite  (suus)  song. 

Observe  Melpomene  used  for  any  Muse  (Cf.  Exercise  LVL, 
note),  and  also  the  repetition  of  the  name.  See  Poet.  Orn.  £. 


EXERCISE  CXXXVIII.  {sa?ne  continued). 

With  cautious  step  the  love-lorn  youth  shall  glide 
Through  the  lone  glade  that  shades  thy  mossy  nest, 
And  shepherd-girls  from  eyes  profane  shall  hide 
The  gentle  bird  that  sings  of  pity  best. 

For  still  thy  voice  shall  soft  affections  move,  5 
And  still  be  dear  to  sorrow  and  to  love. 

1,  2.  Oft  to  thee  shall  come  sad  Amyntas  with  cautious  foot, 
to  where  (quo)  the  lone  (devius)  shade  covers  thy  mossy  nest : — 
3,  4.  And  the  shepherd’s  daughter  shall  keep  aloof  profane  eyes, 
where  the  gentle  bird  shall  mourn  in-harmony-ivith  (consona, 


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n.  pi.)  the  mourner. — 5,  6.  But  thou  shalt  ever  evoke  soft  desire, 
with  welcome  song,  whether  any  one  loves  or  grieves. 

Observe  Amyntas,  a  common  name  for  a  shepherd,  or  country 
youth.  With  line  6  compare  the  note  on  Exercise  XXXVI. 


EXERCISE  CXXXIX.  (C.  Smith). 

Queen  of  the  silver  bow,  by  thy  pale  beam. 

Alone  and  pensive  I  delight  to  stray 
And  watch  thy  shadow  trembling  in  the  stream, 
Or  mark  the  floating  clouds  that  cross  thy  way. 
And,  while  I  gaze,  thy  mild  and  placid  light  5 
Sheds  a  soft  calm  upon  my  troubled  breast ; 

And  oft  I  think,  fair  planet  of  the  night. 

That  in  thy  orb  the  wretched  may  have  rest. 

1,  2.  Thou  who  wearest  from  thy  glittering  shoulders  thy 
bright  bow,  ’tis  my  delight  to  go  alone  (fern.)  under  thy  beams. 
— 3,  4.  ’Tis  my  delight  now  to  behold  thy  form  in  the  shimmer¬ 
ing  (tremulus)  stream,  now  the  clouds  oft  stretched  across 
(prsetentus)  thy  way. — 5,  6.  As  often  as  I  feed  my  eyes  on  these, 
thy  sweet  image  calms  the  struggles  (prselia)  stirred  in  my 
breast. — 7,  8.  And  the-thought-arises  (succurrit),  whether  per¬ 
chance  in  thy  orb  there  is  left  (supersit)  A  fitting  rest  for  the 
sorrowful,  0  Cynthia,  glory  of  the  night ! 

EXERCISE  CXL.  ( same  continued). 

The  sufferers  of  the  earth  perhaps  may  go, 
Released  by  death,  to  thy  benignant  sphere ; 

And  the  sad  children  of  despair  and  woe 
Forget  in  thee  their  cup  of  sorrow  here. 

O  that  I  soon  may  reach  thy  world  serene,  5 
Poor  wearied  pilgrim  in  this  toiling  scene ! 

1,  2.  Perhaps  those  who  on  earth  have  borne  a  thousand 
toils  may  reach  those  spots,  release d  by  death  (vindice  morte, 
abl.  abs.) ; — 3, 4.  There  perhaps  they  may  drink  in  kindly  oblivion 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


93 


of  care,  Whom  unpropitious  deities  suffer  to  hope  for  nothing. — 
5,  6.  O  if  it  were  mine  (si  mihi  sit)  to  win  so  calm  a  region, 
I  who  (fern.)  now  wander  weary  and  sorrowing  on  the  earth. 

Observe  that  no  literal  translation  of  “  sufferers  of  the  earth,’ 
“  sphere,”  “  children  of  despair,”  “  pilgrim,”  &c.,  is  attempted. 
*  Vindex  ”  should  be  looked  out  in  the  Dictionary  of  Antiquities. 


PART  II 


EXERCISE  I.  [Tennyson). 

Now  fades  tlie  last  long  streak  of  snow. 

Now  bourgeons  every  maze  of  quick 
About  tlie  flowering  squares,  and  thick 
By  ashen  roots  the  violets  blow. 

Now  rings  the  woodland  loud  and  long  ; 

The  distance  takes  a  lovelier  hue ; 

And  drown'd  in  yonder  living  blue 
The  lark  becomes  a  sightless  song. 

Now  dance  the  lights  on  lawn  and  lea, 

The  flocks  are  whiter  down  the  vale, 

And  milkier  every  milky  sail 

On  winding  stream  or  distant  sea. 

Stanza  i.  1.  “The  last  long  streak,”  ultima  linea. — 2.  Now 
bursting  (turgidus)  with  new  foliage  the  copses  are  green. — 
3,  4.  The  gardens  smile  with  flowers  arranged  in  order :  the 
ashen  roots  (fraxinus  ima)  cherish,  &c. 

Stanza  n.  1.  “  Loud  and  long,”  procul  audito  clamore. — 
2.  Now  the  distant  fields  are  bright  beyond  their  wont  (Aids  i.  e). 
— 3,  4.  And  the  lark,  where  it  is  sunk  in  azure  spaces,  utters  a 
song  sent  down  from  the  sky,  but  itself  is-unseen. 

Stanza  in.  1.  Now  the  dancing  (vagus)  light  flits  o’er,  &c. — 
2.  The  sheep  more-purely  white  rove  in  the  vale. — 3,  4.  Whiter 
gleam  the  sails  as-they-glide  on  winding  rivers,  whiter  on  the 
distant  sea. 

Observe  the  repetition  of  the  adj.  in  Stanza  in.  3,  4. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


95 


EXERCISE  II.  ( Tennyson ). 

Home  they  brought  her  warrior  dead  : 

She  nor  swoon'd  nor  utter'd  cry  : 

All  her  maidens  watching  said  ; — 

“■  She  must  weep  or  she  will  die." 

Then  they  praised  him,  soft  and  low  ; 

Call'd  him  worthy  to  be  loved, 

Truest  friend,  and  noblest  foe  ; — 

Yet  she  neither  spoke  nor  moved. 

Stanza  i.  1.  His  weeping  comrades  bring  back  the  lifeless 
hero. — 4.  “Her  only  safety  is  in  weeping,  if  she  will  but  weep.” 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Gently  whispering,  they  praised  the  actions 
of  the  dead  chief ;  “  he,”  said  they,  “  was  worthy  of  love.” — 
3.  He  was  truest  friend,  &c. — 4.  Yet  her  limbs  are-without 
(careo)  motion,  her  tongue  [without]  a  whisper. 

EXERCISE  III.  (same  continued). 

Stole  a  maiden  from  her  place. 

Lightly  to  the  warrior  stept, 

Took  the  face-cloth  from  his  face ; — 

Yet  she  neither  moved  nor  wept. 

Rose  a  nurse  of  ninety  years, 

Set  his  child  upon  her  knee — 

Like  summer-tempest  came  her  tears — 

“  Sweet  my  child,  I  live  for  thee." 

Stanza  I.  1,  2.  One,  rising  from  the  girlish  band,  with  stealthy 
step  comes  lightly  to  where  he  lies  : — 3.  She  takes  the  covering 
from  his  face,  for  it  was  concealed  by  a  covering, — Yet  she  sat, 
as  before,  with  tearless  cheeks. — “  tearless,”  siccus. 

Stanza  ii.  1, 2.  Rises  the  aged  nurse  (anus)  who  had  seen  ninety 
(Aids  vin.  d)  years  ;  she  places  on  her  knee  the  boy,  pledge  of 
her  master  (herilis). — 3.  “  Came  her  tears” — solvitur  in  lacri- 


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EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


mas. — 4.  Cf.  Catullus,  ixviii.  160,  “  Lux  mea,  qua  viv&  vivere 
dulce  milii  est.” 


EXERCISE  IV.  ( Tennyson). 

Of  old  sat  Freedom  on  tlie  heights, 

The  thunders  breaking  at  her  feet : 

Above  her  shook  the  starry  lights  : 

She  heard  the  torrents  meet. 

There  in  her  place  she  did  rejoice 
Self-gather*  d,  in  her  prophet-mind ; 

But  fragments  of  her  mighty  voice 
Came  rolling  on  the  wind. 

Then  stept  she  down  through  town  and  field 
To  mingle  with  the  human  race ; 

And  part  by  part  to  men  reveal’d 
The  fulness  of  her  face. 

Stanza  i.  3. — “  The  starry  lights” — radiantia  sideramundi. — 
4.  She  heard  where  the  dashing  waters  are  united. 

Stanza  n.  2.  She  sings  future-events  (n.  pi.)  alone  (secum) 
with  prophetic  mind. — 3,4.  But  scattered  (rarus)  murmurs  of  her 
mighty  voice  roll  on  (volvor),  and  the  blasts  of  the  Notus  bore 
the  broken  sounds.  Cf.  Part  I.,  Exercise  IV.,  note.  Poet.  Orn.  £  2. 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  By-and-by  leaving  her  watch-tower,  through 
fields,  through  cities  She  sallies  forth,  and  visits  in-friendly- 
mood  (amicus)  the  human  race. — 3.  “  Part  by  part,”  velamine 
paulatim  posito. — 4.  How  bright  a  charm  shines  in  her  whole 
countenance. 


EXERCISE  V.  (Tennyson). 

Her  tears  fell  witb  the  dews  at  even  ; 

Her  tears  fell  ere  tbe  dews  were  dried ; 
She  could  not  look  on  tbe  sweet  heaven 
Either  at  morn  or  even-tide. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


91 


Upon  the  middle  of  the  night,  5 

Waking  she  heard  the  night-fowl  crow : 

The  cock  sung  out  an  hour  ere  light ; 

From  the  dark  fen  the  oxen's  low 
Came  to  her :  without  hope  of  change. 

In  sleep  she  seem'd  to  walk  forlorn,  10 

Till  cold  winds  woke  the  gray-eyed  morn 
About  the  lonely  moated  grange. 

2.  She  weeps  ere  the  day  shakes  off  the  dews  (nondum,  with 
abl.  abs.). — 5,  6.  Night  was  completing  her  mid  career ;  at 
once  (simul)  roused  from  sleep  she  hears  the  birds  of  night 
(adj.)  pour  forth  their  song. — 7.  Phoebus  was  not  yet  present ; 
the  cock’s  crow  (vox)  sounds  through  the  shades. — 9,  10.  She 
seemed  in  her  slumbers  to  wander  endlessly  forlorn,  nor  hopes 
she  that  any  pleasing  change  (vices)  can  come. — 12.  Where  the 
cheerless  (inamoenus)  moat  (fossa)  encircles  the  lonely  house. 


EXERCISE  VI.  {Tennyson). 

There  rolls  the  deep,  where  grew  the  tree ; 

0  Earth,  what  changes  hast  thou  seen  ! 

There,  where  the  long  street  roars,  hath  been 
The  stillness  of  the  central  sea. 

The  hills  are  shadows,  and  they  flow 

From  form  to  form,  and  nothing  stands  ; 

They  melt  like  mist,  the  solid  lands, — - 
Like  clouds,  they  shape  themselves  and  go. 

But  in  my  spirit  will  I  dwell. 

And  dream  my  dream,  and  hold  it  true ; 

For,  though  my  lips  may  breathe  adieu, 

I  cannot  think  the  thing  te  Farewell." 

Stanza  i.  2.  What  changes,  and  how  many,  has  it  been  thy 
lot  (datum  ’st)  to  undergo,  O  Earth  ! — 3,  4.  There  where  the 

H- 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


mid  sea  had  lain  still,  hear  the  murmurs  lengthened  out  (con- 
tinuatus)  through  the  long  streets. 

Stanza  II.  1,  2.  The  mountain  itself,  shadow-like  (simillimus 
umbrae)  is  compelled  to  go  into  various  forms  ;  remain  it 
cannot. — “  various,” — nunc  hie — nunc  ille. — 3,  4.  And  firm 
[though]  the  land  he,  it  melts  like  mist,  and  perishes  shaped- 
like  (assimilatus)  empty  clouds. 

Stanza  ill.  1,  2.  Me  the  dreams  of  my  own  mind,  whither  I 
may  (fas)  betake  myself,  shall  soothe, — dreams  though  [they  be], 
yet  true.  Caution  b.  4,  note. — 3,  4.  Though  I  shall  seem  with 
my  mouth  to  breathe  the  bitter  farewell,  my  heart  denies  its 
assent  and  refuses  to  say  it. 

EXERCISE  VII.  ( Tennyson ). 

One  seem’d  all  dark  and  red — a  tract  of  sand. 

And  some  one  pacing  there  alone, 

Who  paced  for  ever  in  a  glimmering  land, 

Lit  with  a  low  large  moon. 

One  show’d  an  iron  coast  and  angry  waves  :  5 

Yon  seem’d  to  hear  them  rise  and  fall, 

And  roar  rock-thwarted  under  bellowing  caves. 
Beneath  the  windy  wall. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  Lo  !  one  who  paces  (spatior)  through  the 
gloom  upon  a  red  strand,  and  has  no  comrade  to  pace  with 
him. — 4.  Where  the  moon  shines  larger  and  close  (proximus) 
to  the  earth. 

Stanza  n.  i.  “  Iron,”  adamantinus. — 3,  4.  Hear’st  thou  how 
the  caverns  thunder  with  rocks  that  break  the  waves,  where  the 
rock  stands  open-to-the-fury-of  (feriendus)  the  winds  ? 

EXERCISE  VIII.  {Moultrie). 

I  loved  my  home,  but  trembled  now 
To  view  my  father’s  alter’d  brow  ; 

I  fear’d  to  meet  my  mother’s  eye. 

And  hear  her  voice  of  agony ; 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


99 


I  fear'd  to  view  my  native  spot,  5 

When  lie  who  loved  it  now  was  not : 

The  pleasures  of  my  home  were  fled ; — 

My  brother  slumber'd  with  the  dead  ! 

1,  2.  My  home  was  dear  to  me,  but  I  would  not  see  my 
father’s  sad  gaze  and  altered  (versus)  countenance. — 3.  “  Meet 
my  mother’s  eye,”  matri  conferre  oculos. — 4.  “Voice  of  agony,” 
Turn,  broken  voice  and  sad  words. — 6.  He  to  whom  these 
spots  had  been  dear  (cordi)  was  no  more  (nullus  erat). — 8.  The 
fact  was,  (Aids  vn.  4)  the  grave  (tristis  humus)  held  my 
brother. 

EXERCISE  IX.  (same  continued). 

I  drew  near  to  my  father's  gate ; 

No  smiling  faces  met  me  now : 

I  enter'd  : — all  was  desolate  ; 

Grief  sat  upon  my  mother's  brow ; 

I  heard  her,  as  she  kiss'd  me,  sigh  ;  5 

A  tear  stood  in  my  father's  eye ; 

My  little  brothers  round  me  press'd, 

In  gay  unthinking,  childhood  blest, — 

Long,  long  that  hour  has  pass'd;  but  when 
Shall  I  forget  its  gloomy  scene  ?  10 

N.B.  The  Historic  present  should  be  used  in  this  Exercise. 

1.  “I  drew  near,”  &c.,  Ventum  erat  ad  portam. — “now,” 
non  jam  velut  ante. — 3.  “All  was  desolate;”  I  see  the  scene 
(loca,  pi.)  desolate  with  deep  sorrow. — 5,  6.  She  kisses  me : 
bitter  sighs  are  intermingled.  Scarce  does  my  father  himself 
restrain  a  tear. — 8.  They  wonder  at  my  sorrow,  a  gay  band. — 
10.  When  will  that  mournful  day  pass  away  (cado)  from  my 
mind? 

EXERCISE  X.  (Shakespeare). 

Since  brass,  nor  stone,  nor  earth,  nor  boundless  sea. 
But  sad  mortality  o'ersways  their  power. 

How  with  this  rage  shall  beauty  hold  a  plea, 

Whose  action  is  no  stronger  than  a  flower  ? 

h  2 


IOO 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


0  how  shall  summer’s  honey  breath  hold  out  5 

Against  the  wreckful  siege  of  battering  days. 

When  rocks  impregnable  are  not  so  stout. 

Nor  gates  of  steel  so  strong,  but  Time  decays  ? 

1.  Nought  avail  stone,  nought  brass,  &c.  &c. — 2.  Mortality 
(ruina)  tramples  every  thing  under  her  sad  foot.  See  note  on 
Exercise  XVII. — 4.  Which  Time  (dies)  carries  hither  and 
thither  (fertque  rapitque)  like  a  flower. — 5, 6.  How  shall  honeyed 
Summer  be  able  to  fight  against  fierce  generations,  or  be  able  to 
endure  (patiens,  with  gen.)  a  siege  P — 7,  8.  For  the  rock — 
impregnable  [though]  it  be — is  worn  away  by  time :  by  Time 
the  gate  crumbles  away  (ruo),  [though]  it  be  barred  with  iron. 

EXERCISE  XI.  ( same  cotitinned). 

0  fearful  meditation  !  where,  alack  ! 

Shall  Time’s  best  jewel  from  Time’s  chest  be  hid  ? 
Or  what  strong  hand  can  hold  his  swift  foot  back  ? 
Or  who  his  spoil  of  beauty  can  forbid  ? 

0  !  none,  unless  this  miracle  have  might,  5 

That  in  black  ink  my  love  may  still  shine  bright. 

1,  2.  Ah  !  what  hiding-places  will  be  able  to  baffle  Time, 
that  his  own  chest  conceal  not  {quin  contegat)  what  is  his 
peculiar  charm  (decus)  P — 4.  Or  who  will  compel  him  to  abandon 
his  ill-gotten  wealth ? — 5,  6.  None  is  at  hand:  this* perchance 
has  weight,  that  (quod)  the  fame  of  my  mistress  will  always  be 
ennobled  (insignis)  in  verse. 

EXERCISE  XII.  ( Shakespeare ). 

When  I  have  seen  by  Time’s  fell  hand  defaced, 

The  rich  proud  cost  of  outworn  buried  age : 

When  some-time  lofty  towers  I  see  down-razed. 

And  brass  eternal  slave  to  mortal  rage  : 

When  I  have  seen  the  hungry  ocean  gain  5 

Advantage  on  the  kingdom  of  the  shore, 

And  the  firm  soil  win  of  the  watery  main, 

Increasing  store  with  loss  and  loss  with  store 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


IOl 


When  I  have  seen  such  interchange  of  state. 

Or  state  itself  confounded  to  decay  ;  10 

Ruin  hath  taught  me  thus  to  ruminate, 

That  Time  will  come  and  take  my  love  away. 

This  thought  is  as  a  death,  which  cannot  choose 

But  weep  to  have  that  which  it  fears  to  lose. 

1,  2.  When  I  have  seen  cast  down  by  the  hand  of  Time  the 
memorials  of  men  who  have  perished  in  the  course  of  ages 
(longo  die). — 4.  And  brass  (pi.)  lies  overpowered  by  mortal  rage. 
— 5,  6.  When  the  ocean  wave  triumphs  far  and  wide,  after  the 
shore  has  been  conquered,  and  rushes  over  its  new  realms  with 
greedy  course. — 8.  And  grows  and  is  diminished  (detero)  with 
equal  alternation. — 9,  10.  When  fickle  fortune  has  given  sove¬ 
reignty  (sceptra)  now  to  this  man,  now  to  that,  and  sovereignty 
itself  gradually  decays  and  falls. — 11,  12.  These  changes  (rerum 
vices)  have  taught  me  thus  to  reflect :  Time  will  come  ;  my  love 
will  go  away. — 13,  14.  Thus  by  living  I  die,  I  whom  at  the 
moment  of  death  (sub  ipsa  morte)  it-grieves  (piget)  not  to  want 
(Poet.  Orn.  y)  what  I  fear  to  lose. 


EXERCISE  XIII.  (Keble). 

When  the  soft  dews  of  kindly  sleep 
My  wearied  eyelids  gently  steep, 

Be  my  last  thought,  How  sweet  to  rest 
For  ever  on  my  Saviour’s  breast ! 

Abide  with  me  from  morn  till  eve,  5 

For  without  Thee  I  cannot  live  : 

Abide  with  me  when  night  is  nigh, 

For  without  Thee  I  dare  not  die. 

1.  My  wearied  eyelids.  See  Poet.  Orn.  a.  Use  part,  of 
“langueo.” — 3.  Of.  Part  I.  Exercise  XCY. — 5.  How  sweet, 
“quanta  voluptas,” — to  rest.  Poet.  Orn.  y. — 5.  Some  expansion 
of  the  words  “till  eve”  will  be  necessary. — 8.  For  (nempe) 
without  Thee  I  am  afraid  to  die. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  XIV.  (Burns). 

My  Chloris,  mark  how  green  the  groves. 

The  primrose  banks  how  fair; 

The  balmy  gales  awake  the  flowers, 

And  wave  thy  flaxen  hair. 

The  laverock  shuns  the  palace  gay. 

And  o’er  the  cottage  sings  : 

For  Nature  smiles  as  sweet,  I  ween. 

To  shepherds  as  to  kings. 

Stanza  i.  2.  With  what  bud  (germen)  the  marigold  decks  its 
banks. — 3.  Awake — “  Somnum  excutio.” — 4.  And  suffer  the*-, 
to  let-flow  (explico)  thy  yellow  hair.  (Poet.  Orn.  y.) 

Stanza  II.  1.  Palace  gay,  “  lacunar  inauratum.  ’ — 2.  Cottage, 
“sordida  tecta.”  Poet.  Orn.  a. — 3,  4.  Nature,  I  ween,  smiles 
e’en  on  hardy  husbandmen,  and  favours  not  Augustus  more  than 
thee ,  O  Thyrsis.  Aids  vi. 

Observe  in  line  4  that  Augustus  and  Thyrsis  are  used  as 
representatives  of  their  respective  classes.  See  Part  I  Exercise 
CXXXVII.  note. 

EXERCISE  XV.  (same  continued). 

Let  minstrels  sweep  the  skilfu’  string 
In  lordly  lighted  ha* : 

The  shepherd  stops  his  simple  reed. 

Blithe  in  the  birken  shaw. 

The  princely  revel  may  survey 
Our  rustic  dance  wP  scorn; — 

But  are  their  hearts  as  light  as  ours. 

Beneath  the  milk-white  thorn  ? 

Stanza  i.  1.  Let  the  minstrel  sweep  the  strings  with  skilful 
thumb. — 3.  Stop,  “  carmen  modulor  avena.” 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  Let  the  princely  throng  (pubes)  learn  to  move 


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103 


with  measured  steps  (dare  compositos  motus),  and  despise  the 
rustic  dances,  our  joys.— 3,  4.  Yet  does  such  pleasure  [thrill] 

wealthy  loot,  as  thrills  (moveo)  our  breasts 

under  this  thorn  ? 


EXERCISE  XVI.  {Bums). 

Fate  gave  the  word ;  the  arrow  sped 
And  pierced  my  darling’s  heart ; 

And  with  him  all  the  joys  are  fled 
Life  can  to  me  impart. 

By  cruel  hands  the  sapling  drops, 

In  dust  dishonour’d  laid : — 

So  fell  the  pride  of  all  my  hopes. 

My  age’s  future  shade  ! 

Stanza  1.  2.  And  pierced  the  beloved  breast  of  my  boy. — 3,  4. 
He  is  dead;  and  with  him  joys  are  fled  for  me ;  nor  have  I  any 
motive  for  living  longer  (cur  in  vita  morer). 

Stanza  11.  1.  Just  as  the  tree  (oak,  or  beech)  &c.,  &c. — 3,  4. 
Thus  fell  the  pride  and  safeguard  of  my  fortunes  (cf.  Part  I. 
Exercise  X.),  who  ought  to  have  been  my  protector  in-my-age 
(adj.). — Be  careful  in  the  Pentanleter  to  use  the  right  tense  of 
“  debeo.”  For  “  sen  ex,”  fem.,  see  Tibull.  i.  6.  82. 

EXERCISE  XVII.  {same  continued ). 

The  mother -linnet  in  the  brake 
Bewails  her  ravish’d  young ; 

So  I  for  my  lost  darling’s  sake 
Lament  the  live-day-long. 

Death,  oft  I’ve  fear’d  thy  fatal  blow. 

Now,  fond,  I  bare  my  breast ; 

Oh !  do  thou  kindly  lay  me  low. 

With  him  I  love,  at  rest ! 


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EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


Stanza  i.  1.  “In  the  brake  ”  {  ^  j  umbra— 2.  Cf.  Part  I. 

Exercise  LXVII.  5,  6.-3,  4.  Lo  I  bereft  of  my  boy,  complain  ; 
and  the  day  sees  me  complaining  when  the  sun  is  risen  and 
when  he  sets. 

Stanza  n.  2.  Now  of  my  own  accord  I  give  my  breast,  O 
Death. — 4.  If  only  one  rest  shall  unite  (fut.  perf.)  me  to  my  boy. 

EXERCISE  XVIII.  (Hood). 

The  swallow  with  Summer 
Will  wing  o'er  the  seas ; 

The  wind  that  I  sigh  to 
Will  visit  thy  trees  ; 

The  ship  that  it  hastens  5 

Thy  ports  shall  contain ; 

But  me — I  must  never 
See  England  again  ! 

1.  “  With  Summer  ” — when  Summer  shall  at  length  return. — 
3,  4.  And  the  breeze  which  lately  caught  my  sighs  as  I  sighed 
(Poet.  Orn.  a)  shall  by  and  by  rustle  through  the  boughs  of  thy 
grove. — 5,  6.  The  ship,  whose  prosperous  course  the  same 
breeze  had  hastened  on,  the  well-known  coast  shall  hide  in  its 
harbour. — 7,  8.  See  Aids  vi.  Cf.  Part  I.  Exercise  XCV.  8. 

EXERCISE  XIX.  (same  contin tied) . 

When  the  white  cloud  reclines 
On  the  verge  of  the  sea, 

I  fancy  the  white  cliffs. 

And  dream  upon  thee  : 

But  the  cloud  spreads  its  wings  5 

To  the  blue  heaven,  and  flies : — 

We  never  shall  meet,  love, 

Except  in  the  skies  ! 

2.  Which  scarcely  (vix  bene)  touches  the  verge  (extrema 
aqua)  of  the  sea. — 3,  4.  I  seem  to  myself  to  see,  &c. ; — And  I 


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105 


fancy  in  my  sleep  that  thou  nast  returned  once  more. — 6.  My 
eyes  cannot  follow  it  as  it  flies  (cedo). — 7,  8.  Alas  !  only  (Aids 
11.  1)  in  the  skies  at  last  will  any  time  (dies)  restore  thee  to  me, 
my  love. — Expand  “  skies.” 

EXERCISE  XX.  {Gay). 

Beauty  with  early  bloom  supplies 
The  maiden's  cheek,  and  points  her  eyes. 

The  vain  coquette  each  suit  disdains, 

And  glories  in  her  lover's  pains. 

With  age  she  fades,  each  lover  flies ; —  5 

Contemn'd,  forlorn,  she  pines  and  dies  ! 

lj  2.  Pyrrha  has  her  face  o’erspread  with  lovely  (cupidineus) 
youthful-bloom  (juventa).  A  charm  is  in  her  form,  and  a 
lustre  in  her  eyes.  See  Part  I.  Exercise  CXXX.  note. — 3.  Cf. 
Part.  I.  Exercise  LXXY.  Stanza  1.  3. — 4.  Exulting  in  (laetus) 
the  pain  of  her  unhappy  suitor. — 5,  6.  At  length  grown-ugly 
(deformis)  she  mourns  that  her  lovers  depart,  and  she  dies 
pining  with  despised  maidenhood. 

EXERCISE  XXI.  {Gay). 

As,  in  the  sunshine  of  the  morn, 

A  butterfly  but  newly  born 
Sat  proudly  perking  on  a  rose, 

With  pert  conceit  his  bosom  glows  : 

His  wings  all  glorious  to  behold,  5 

Bedropt  with  azure,  jet,  and  gold, 

Wide  he  displays :  the  spangled  dew 
Reflects  his  eyes  and  various  hue. 

1,  2.  Transpose  these  two  lines. — 3,  4.  Sits  upon  a  rose-hud 
(flos  roseus),  and  tosses  his  head  on  high  ;  and  his  swelling 
breast  exults  with  conceit  (amor  sui). — 5,  6.  Gold  had  spotted 
his  (Aids  v.)  jetty  (ferrugineus)  wings;  and  many  a  streak 
marks  them  with  azure  (caeruleus  color). — 7,  8.  Spangled  dew, 
“  ros  spursis  guttis  ” — various  hue,  “  versicolor  decus/' 


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EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  TERSE 


EXERCISE  XXII.  (Anon.). 

Leaf  of  Havannah,  'neath  whose  scented  folds 
As  sparkles  still  the  bright  Promethean  ray, 
Expiring  with  a  kiss  thy  spirit  holds, 

For  Earth  too  pure,  to  Heaven  its  incensed  way. 
So  mayst  thou,  George,  to  beauty's  soft  control 
Glow  ever,  as  thou  liv'st, — then  sweetly  die ; 
While  lips  that  love  thee  catch  thy  gasping  soul. 

And  give  thee  spotless  to  the  longing  sky ! 

1,  2.  Most  fragrant  leaf,  born  ’neath  a  Western  sky,  whilst 
thy  fold  (spira)  sparkles  with,  &c. — 3,  4.  Unable-to-endure 
earthly  impurity  (sordes),  in  kisses  (per  murmura)  with  incensed 
course  thy  fleeting  spirit  seeks  the  stars. — 5.  Soft  control 
(dulcedo). — 6.  Glow  (fervere). — 7,  8.  While  friends  with  fond 
(pius)  mouth  catch  thy  sighs. — Spotless  “  sine  labe.” 

EXERCISE  XXIII.  (Shelley). 

The  colour  from  the  flower  is  gone, 

Which  like  thy  sweet  eyes  smiled  on  me: 

The  odour  from  the  flower  is  flown. 

Which  breathed  of  thee,  and  only  thee. 

A  wither'd,  lifeless,  vacant  form, 

It  lies  on  my  abandon'd  breast. 

And  mocks  the  heart  which  yet  is  warm 
With  cold  and  silent  rest. 

I  weep — my  tears  revive  it  not : 

I  sigh — it  breathes  no  more  on  me : 

Its  mute  and  uncomplaining  lot 
Is  such  as  mine  should  be  ! 

Stanza  i.  2.  Itself  too  smiled  sweetly  (adj.)  on  me. — 3,  4.  Gone 
from  the  flower  is  the  odour,  so  destiny  (atra  dies)  wills  it, — 
which  used  ever  to  breatlie-of  thee,  thee  only.  Transpose. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


107 


Stanza  11.  1.  Now  a  form  without  (carens)  sap  and  life,  with¬ 
out  feeling  (sine  mente). — 2.  “  It,”  flos  ille. — 3,  4.  And  then 
(inde)  there  comes  ovei  my  breast,  which  yet  is  warm  with 
faithful  fire,  a  cold  and  deep  rest  in  mockery  of  it  (illius 
exemplo). 

Stanza  ill.  3,  4.  It  says  nought  as  it  dies,  and  utters  (utor) 
no  lamentations ;  why  do  I  speak,  or  utter  lamentations  as  I 
die? 

EXERCISE  XXIV.  {Wordsworth). 

Where  art  thou,  my  beloved  son, 

Where  art  thou,  worse  to  me  than  dead  ? 

Oh,  find  me,  prosperous  or  undone ; 

Or,  if  the  grave  be  now  thy  bed, 

Why  am  I  ignorant  of  the  same,  5 

That  I  may  rest ;  and  neither  blame 
Nor  sorrow  may  attend  thy  name  ? 

2.  Not  to  be  equally  bewailed  by  me,  if  thy  death  were  certain 
(abl.  abs.). — 3.  Expand  this  into  two  lines. — “  Prosperous,” 
whether  kindly  fates  smile,  &c. — 4.  “  Or  if  the  grave,”  &c.,  Yet 
if  the  urn  hides  now  thy  ashes,  why  has  not  herald  Fame 
brought  the  tidings  (vox)  to  me  P — 6,  7.  So,  with  thee  in  safety, 
I  might  (pres,  subj.)  lead  a  life  of  peace;  and  neither  blame 
nor  (-ve)  grief  should  sully  thy  name. 

Observe  “-ve”  for  “nec,”  after  the  preceding  “  nec.”  Cf. 
Ov.  Her.  vii.  82, 

“  Omnia  mentiris  ;  nec  enim  tua  fallere  lingua 
Incipit  a  nobis,  prima-ve  plector  ego.” 

EXERCISE  XXV.  {same  continued). 

Perhaps  some  dungeon  hears  thee  groan. 
Maim'd,  mangled,  by  inhuman  men  : 

Or  thou  upon  a  desert  thrown 
Inheritest  the  lion's  den  : 

Or  hast  been  summon'd  to  the  deep. 

Thou,  thou  and  all  thy  mates,  to  keep 
An  incommunicable  sleep. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


1.  Perhaps  thy  wailings  may  re-echo  in  some  dungeon  (career). 
— 2.  The  participles  may  be  in  the  Vocative ,  by  attraction.  Cf. 
Yirg.  iEn.  ii.  283. — 4.  A  cavern  holds  thee  a  companion  to 
savage  beasts. — 5 — 7.  To  make  two  lines. — “Incommunicable” 
— tacitus,  or  non  sociandus. — Do  not  attempt  to  render  closely 
the  expression  “  summoned  to  the  deep.” 

EXERCISE  XXVI.  ( same  continued ). 

I  look  for  ghosts ;  but  none  will  force 
Their  way  to  me  :  'tis  falsely  said 
That  there  was  ever  intercourse 
Between  the  living  and  the  dead  : 

For,  surely,  then  I  should  have  sight  5 

Of  him  I  wait  for  day  and  night, 

With  love  and  longings  infinite. 

1.  Make  two  lines  of  the  words  as  far  as  “  way  to  me.” — 
I  look  for  ghosts,  if  there  is  any  passage  for  the  Manes :  yet  no 
looked-for  shade  comes  for  me. — 2.  “  ’Tis  falsely  said” — “and 
the  dead,”  to  make  two  lines. — “Ancient  poets  have  falsely 
sung,”  &c. — “  have  intercourse  with,”  posse  referre  gradus  ad. — 
5 — 7.  Two  lines. — “Wait  for  with  love  and  longings  infinite,” 
desiderium  nec  periturus  amor  fatigat. 

EXERCISE  XXVII.  ( Tannahill ). 

While  the  grey-pinioned  lark  early  mounts  to  the 
skies. 

And  cheerily  hails  the  sweet  dawn, 

And  the  sun  newly  risen  sheds  the  mist  from  his  eyes. 
And  smiles  over  mountain  and  lawn : 

Delighted  I  stray  by  the  fairy  wood  side,  5 

Where  the  dew-drops  the  crow-flowers  adorn ; 
And  Nature,  array'd  in  her  Midsummer's  pride, 
Sweetly  smiles  to  the  smile  of  the  morn. 

2.  Hails,  “  posco.” — 3.  Newly  risen,  “  recens  ortus.” — 4. 
Smiles  upon,  “  foveo  laetitia.” — 5.  ’Tis  my  delight  to  stray  by  the 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


109 


woodside  (ad  silvam),  the  Nymphs’  retreat. — “  Crowflowers,” 
lilia. — 7.  “  Midsummer’s  pride,”  aestivus  cultus. — “  Nature,” 
terra. — 8.  Unfolds  her  smiles  to  the  smiling  Dawn. 


EXERCISE  XXVIII.  ( same  continued). 

Ye  dark  waving  plantings,  ye  green  shady  bowers, 
Your  charms  ever  varying  I  view  : 

My  souPs  dearest  transports,  my  happiest  hours, 
Have  owed  half  their  pleasure  to  you. 

Sweet  Ferguslie,  hail !  thou'rt  the  dear  sacred  grove  5 
Where  first  my  young  Muse  spread  her  wing ; 
Here  Nature  first  waked  me  to  rapture  and  love, 
And  taught  me  her  beauties  to  sing. 

2.  How  I  marvel  that  a  various  charm  is  ever  present  to 
you. — 3,  4.  If  any  day  has  risen  more  happily  than  usual 
(solito)  to  my  soul,  ye  [were]  an  inseparable  (non  alienus)  part 
of  my  joy. — 5.  “Ferguslie,”  silva. — 6.  “young,”  for  me  a  boy. — 
8.  “  To  sing,”  non  tacuisse  (Poet.  Orn.  y). 


EXERCISE  XXIX.  ( Tannahill ). 

But  lately  was  clad  wfl  snaw, 

Sae  darksome,  dull,  and  dreary : 

Now  laverocks  sing  to  hail  the  Spring, 

And  Nature  all  is  cheery. 

Come,  let  us  leave  the  town,  my  love,  5 

And  seek  our  country  dwelling, 

Where  waving  woods,  and  spreading  flowers, 
On  every  side  are  smiling. 

2.  The  days  seemed  to  pass  slowly  (comparative)  ’mid  dark¬ 
ness. — 3.  See  Poet.  Orn.  a. — 4.  The  laughing  fields  attest  their 
joy. — 5.  Aids  vn.  5. — 6.  Country  dwelling,  “  rustica  tecta 
casae.” — 7.  Where  woods  wave,  &c. — 8.  And  the  ground  on 
evory  side  (ex  omni  parte),  &c.,  &c. 


no 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  XXX  ( sa?ne  continued). 

We'll  tread  again  the  daisied  green. 

Where  first  your  beauty  moved  me  : 

We'll  trace  again  the  woodland  scene, 

Where  first  ye  own'd  ye  loved  me : 

We  soon  will  view  the  roses  blaw  5 

In  a'  the  charms  of  fancy ; 

For  doubly  dear  these  pleasures  a'. 

When  shared  with  thee,  my  Nancy. 

1.  Daisied,  “  bellide  distinctus/’ — 2.  “  Me,”  my  heart. — 4. 
Where  thy  voice  first  uttered  the  word  (istud)  I  love. — 5. 
Poet.  Orn.  a. — Blaw,  “  pando  honores.” — 6.  Such  as  it  is  pleasant 
to  picture  in  fancy  (sollerti  mente  fingere). — 7.  Doubly,  “  plus 
solito.” — 8.  If  only  Nancy  share  (consors  sum,  with  gen.)  my 
joy  (Aids  vi.). 

EXERCISE  XXXI.  (j Longfellow ). 

There  is  no  flock,  however  watch'd  and  tended, 

But  one  dead  lamb  is  there  ! 

There  is  no  fireside,  howsoe'er  defended, 

But  has  one  vacant  chair ! 

The  air  is  full  of  farewells  to  the  dying, 

And  mournings  for  the  dead : 

The  heart  of  Rachel,  for  her  children  crying. 

Will  not  be  comforted  ! 

Let  us  be  patient ;  these  severe  afflictions 
Not  from  the  ground  arise  : 

But  oftentimes  celestial  benedictions 
Assume  this  dark  disguise. 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  There  is  no  flock  but  (quod  non)  misses  one 
lamb,  although  it  change  its  pastures  under  a  watchful  master. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


III 


Stanza  n.  1,  2.  Everywhere  are  bewailed  the  dying  (moritnra 
cohors)  and  the  dead;  And  the  ceaseless  farewell  loads  the 
air. — Farewell,  “  ave  atque  vale,”  thrice  repeated  over  the  tomb. — 
3,  4.  Take  the  words  “  for  her  children  crying  ”  to  make  the 
Pentameter — “  Whilst  childless  she  bewails/’  &c.,  &c. 

Stanza  m.  3,  4.  Joy  comes  sometimes  in  a  sable  robe,  and 
clouds  conceal  a  propitious  God. 

EXERCISE  XXXII.  {Southey). 

Sweet  to  tlie  morning  traveller 
The  song  amid  the  sky, 

When  twinkling  in  the  dewy  light 
The  sky-lark  soars  on  high. 

And  cheering  to  the  traveller. 

The  gales  that  round  him  play, 

When  faint  and  heavily  he  drags 
Along  his  noon-tide  way. 

Stanza  i.  2.  Sweetly  sounds  the  song  ceaselessly  poured  forth 
(vox  iterata)  in  the  mid  sky. — 3.  “  Twinkling,”  at  one  time 
vanishing,  at  another  glimmering  (corusco),  &c.,  &c. 

Stanza  ii.  1,  2.  How  oft  is  he  refreshed  with  the  breath  of 
the  pleasing  gale  which  flits  around  his  path  as  he  journeys  on 
(part.  gen.). — 3,  4.  When  his  strength  droops,  and  overpowered 
by  excessive  wandering  he  chides  the  long  weariness  of  his 
*loon- tide  (cestivus)  journey. 

EXERCISE  XXXIII.  {same  continued). 

And  when  beneath  the  unclouded  sun. 

Full  wearily  toils  he. 

The  flowing  water  makes  to  him 
A  soothing  melody. 

And  when  the  evening  light  decays. 

And  all  is  calm  around. 

There  is  sweet  music  to  his  ear 
In  the  distant  sheep -belFs  sound. 


1 12 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


But,  oh. !  of  all  delightful  sounds 
Of  evening  or  of  morn, 

The  sweetest  is  the  voice  of  love 
That  welcomes  his  return. 

Stanza  I.  2.  He  scarce  drags  his  limbs  along  with  tired  foot. — 
3.  If  any  stream  murmurs,  &c. — 4.  His  inmost  heart  feels,  &c. 

Stanza  ii.  3,  4.  The  tinkling  thrills  his  ears  with  sweet 
music,  where  the  flock  afar  wakes  melodies  with  brazen-bell  (aes). 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  But  though,  as  the  light  of  day  comes,  or 
as  it  departs,  many  things  delight  his  journey  with  their  music 
(canor) ; — 3,  4.  Transpose  tlie  greater  part  of  the  two  lines. — A 
superlative  is  often  strengthened  by  unus.  Cf.  Virg.  JEn.  ii. 
426,  “Justissimus  unus  Qui  fuit.” — Cf.  Cic.  Phil.  ii.  3,  5. 
Shakespeare,  Henry  VIII.  Act  ii.  S.  4,  “  Reckoned  one  the 
wisest — “  the  voice  of  love.”  When  he  fond  hears  the  voice 
(pi.)  of  his  fond  wife. 

EXERCISE  XXXIV.  {A.  Hume). 

Eliza  was  a  bonnie  lass,  an*  0  sbe  lo'ed  me  weel. 
Such  love  as  never  tongue  can  tell,  but  only  hearts 
can  feel : 

But  I  was  poor,  her  father  dour, — he  wadna'  look 
on  me : — 

0  Poverty !  0  Poverty  !  that  Love  should  bow  to 
thee  ! 

I  went  unto  her  mither,  an*  I  argued  an*  I  fleech'd ; 

I  spak  o'  love  an'  honesty,  an'  mair  an'  mair 
beseech'd : 

But  she  was  deaf  to  a'  my  prayers, — she  wadna' 
look  on  me  ; — 

O  Poverty !  O  Poverty !  that  Love  should  bow  to 
thee ! 

Stanza  i.  2.  [Love]  which  the  inmost  heart  knows,  the 
tongue  utters  not  (sileo). — 4.  That  (ut,  expressing  indignation) 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


il3 


m  —  be a— a— i at  a—  ■  —or  mm 

Love  should  he  thus  subdued  and  be  thy  slave  (famulor) ! — 
With  this  use  of  “  ut,”  Cf.  Cic,  Catil.  i.  9,  “  Te  ut  ulla  res 
frangat  !” 

Stanza  n.  1.  “  Fleech,”  i.  e.  coax,  importune. — 2.  Love — 
honesty, — “pietas,”  “  fides.” — 3.  (Two  lines.)  She  is  deaf ; 
and  a  humble  son-in-law  displeased  the  wealthy  mother-in- 
law. — Italicized  words  to  be  expanded.  Omit  line  4. 


EXERCISE  XXXV.  (same  continued). 

I  went  unto  her  brother,  an*  I  told  him  o'  my  pain, 
An*  he  was  wae,  he  tried  to  say;  but  it  was  a*  in 
vain : 

Though  he  was  weel  in  love  himself,  no  feeling  he'd 
for  me : — 

0  Poverty !  0  Poverty :  that  Love  should  bow  to 
thee ! 

0  Wealth,  it  makes  a  fool  a  sage,  a  knave  an 
honest  man ! 

An'  canker'd  gray  looks  young  again,  gin  he  hae 
gear  and  lan'. 

To  Age  maun  Beauty  ope  her  arms,  though  wi'  a 
tearful  ee : — 

0  Poverty !  0  Poverty !  that  Love  should  bow  to 
thee ! 

Stanza  i.  3.  “  Though  he  was  weel  in  love,” — malee  the 
Pentameter  of  this. — “  Though  he  himself  a  lover  knew  what 
love  was.”  Line  4  may  be  omitted. 

Stanza  n.  1,  2.  By  money  ignorance  becomes  wise,  knavery 
honest  (pius)  :  the  grey  head — provided  only  there  he  money, 
— is  golden  as  before. — 3.  Male  two  lines  of  this,  inverting  the 
clauses. — Omit  line  4. 


I 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


114 


EXERCISE  XXXVI.  (same  continued). 

But  wait  a  wee  !  0  Love  is  slee,  an*  winna  be  said 
Nay; 

It  breaks  a’  chains  except  its  ain,  but  it  maun  hae 
its  way. 

Auld  Age  was  blind,  the  priest  was  kind ;  an*  happy 
as  can  be, 

O  Poverty  !  0  Poverty  !  we're  wed  in  spite  o'  thee  ! 

1.  Wait  a  wee!  “nil  desperandum.” — “and  winna,”  &c., 
refuses  to  be  conquered. — 3.  Kind,  “  non  dura  mente,”  abl. 
quality. — 4.  Thou  wast  powerless  (nil  poteras)  against  us, 
Poverty. — 5,  6.  Thou  wast  powerless  against  us  (Poet.  Orn.  £  1), 
whom  one  couch  holds  happy -as-kings  (regum  sorte  potitos),  in 
spite  of  thee  (te  renuente). 

EXERCISE  XXXVII.  (S.  Daniel). 

Come,  worthy  Greeke,  Ulysses,  come, 

Possesse  these  shores  with  me  : 

The  winds  and  waves  are  troublesome, 

But  here  we  may  be  free. 

Here  may  we  sit  and  view  their  toyle,  5 

That  travaile  in  the  deepe  : 

Enjoy  the  day  in  mirth  the  while, 

And  spend  the  night  in  sleepe. 

2.  Cf.  Part  II.  Exercise  XLV.  8. — 3.  The  English  may  be 
broken  up. — 4.  Here  we  may  spend  (fas  agitare)  our  days  without 
care  (adj.). — 5,  6.  Here  from  the  land  we  may  view  the  efforts 
of  mariners,  whose  (queis.  Aids  v.)  vessel  is  in  distress  (laboro), 
&c.,  &c. 


EXERCISE  XXXVIII.  (same  continued). 

Faire  nymph,  if  fame  or  honour  were 
To  be  attain'd  with  ease. 

Then  would  I  come  and  rest  with  thee. 
And  leave  such  toyles  as  these  : 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


115 


But  here  it  dwells,  and  here  must  I  5 

With  danger  seek  it  forth  : — 

To  spend  the  time  luxuriously 
Becomes  not  men  of  worth. 

1,  2.  Fair  nymph  (nympha,  decus  nostrum),  if  fame  lay  open 
to  the  easy-going  (lentus)  :  if  honour  were  within-the-grasp-of 
(corripiendus)  the  sluggard  : — 5,  6.  But  I  must  seek  fame 
through  the  midst  of  toils.  The  path  of  honour  leads  but 
through  dangers. — 7.  Spend  luxuriously,  “  luxu  foveo.” — 8. 
That  sloth  becomes  not  men  of- worth  (egregius). 


EXERCISE  XXXIX.  {Longfellow). 

The  day  is  cold  and  dark  and  dreary; 

It  rains,  and  the  wind  is  never  weary  : 

The  vine  still  clings  to  the  mouldering  wall, 

But  at  every  gust  the  dead  leaves  fall : 

And  the  day  is  dark  and  dreary. 

My  life  is  cold  and  dark  and  dreary ; 

It  rains,  and  the  wind  is  never  weary ; 

My  thoughts  still  cling  to  the  mouldering  past. 
But  the  hopes  of  youth  fall  thick  in  the  blast. 

And  my  days  are  dark  and  dreary. 

Be  still,  sad  heart,  and  cease  repining ; 

Behind  the  clouds  is  the  Sun  still  shining : 

Thy  fate  is  the  common  fate  of  all ; 

Into  each  life  some  rain  must  fall, 

Some  days  must  be  dark  and  dreary. 

Stanza  1.  1.  Dreary  cold  (pi.)  saddens,  &c. — 2.  Never  weary, 
“  irrequietus.” — 3,  4.  These  two  lines  make  the  Hexameter,  and 
part  of  the  Pentameter,  which  is  completed  by  line  5. — Is  dark 
and  dreary,  “  flet  sine  sole.” 

Stanza  11.  3.  Thoughts  cling,  “  hseret  amor.”  Omit  “  moul¬ 
dering.” 

Stanza  in.  1.  Cease  repining,  “mitte  querelas.” — 3,  4.  ( One 


n6 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


line.)  Thy  lot  is  the  common  one  of  the  world  :  each  has  (see 
Part  I,  Exercise  XXIY.  3,  note)  his  own  stormy- weather. 

EXERCISE  XL.  {Barry  Cornwall ). 

Lady,  sing  no  more  ! 

Science  all  is  vain, 

Till  the  heart  be  touch'd,  lady, 

And  give  forth  its  pain. 

*Tis  a  living  lyre 
Fed  by  air  and  snn. 

O'er  whose  witching  wire,  lady, 

Faery  fingers  run. 

Pity  comes  in  tears 
From  her  home  above, 

Hope,  and  sometimes  Fear,  lady, 

And  the  wizard — Love. 

Each  doth  search  the  heart 
To  its  inmost  springs ; 

And  when  they  depart,  lady, 

Then  the  Spirit  sings. 

N.B.  In  this  Exercise  every  two  lines  of  English  are  to  make 
one  line  in  Latin. 

Stanza  I.  2.  Science,  “ars  canendi.*’ — 3,4.  Unless  the  heart 
be  touched-and-give-forth  (mens  mota  resol  vat)  its  anxious 
burden. 

Stanza  ii.  2.  Fed  by,  “alumna.” — A  living  lyre,  “animata 
chelys.” — 3,  4.  It  sings  when  touched  by  fairy  fingers  (divino 
pollice). 

Stanza  in.  2.  Home  above,  “caelum.” — Pity,  “  pietas.”— 4. 
And  the  wizard  Love  adds  himself  as  a  companion. 

Stanza  iv.  1,  4.  They  each  in  its  own  turn  search  the  heart 
(praecordia)  thoroughly:  nor  does  the  soul  sing  at-liberty 
(resolutus),  except  when  they  fly  away. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


117 


EXERCISE  XLI.  (Gray). 

Low  the  dauntless  Earl  is  laid. 

Gored  with  many  a  gaping  wound ; 

Fate  demands  a  nobler  head ; 

Soon  a  King  shall  bite  the  ground. 

Long  his  loss  shall  Erin  weep, 

NVer  again  his  likeness  see  : 

Long  her  strains  in  sorrow  steep. 

Strains  of  immortality. 

Horror  covers  all  the  heath ; 

Clouds  of  carnage  blot  the  sun : 

Sisters,  weave  the  web  of  death — 

Sisters,  cease  :  the  work  is  done  ! 

Stanza  1.  1.  “  Dauntless,”  expand  this  word. 

Stanza  n.  1.  Erin,  “  Hibernia.” — 2.  To  her  seeking  [him] 
none  like  him  (par)  will  be  likely-to-return. — 4.  Cf.  Part  I. 
Exercise  XLYI.  line  4 ;  and  see  Poet.  Orn.  £  2. 

Stanza  in.  1.  Covers,  “  ingruo  super.” — 3.  Cf.  Part  I. 
Exercise  LXXXIY.  line  1 ;  and  see  Poet.  Orn.  £  2. 

EXERCISE  XLII.  (Goldsmith). 

Turn,  gentle  Hermit  of  the  dale. 

And  guide  my  lonely  way. 

To  where  yon  taper  cheers  the  vale 
With  hospitable  ray. 

For  here  forlorn  and  lost  1  tread. 

With  fainting  steps  and  slow; 

Where  wilds  immeasurably  spread 
Seem  lengthening  as  I  go. — 


Ii8 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


“  Forbear,  my  son,"  the  Hermit  cries, 

“  To  tempt  the  dangerous  gloom ; 

“  For  yonder  phantom  only  flies 
“  To  lure  thee  to  thy  doom ! 

Stanza  i.  1.  Hermit,  “  venerabilis  incola  saltus.” — 3, 4.  Guide 
me  to  where  the  friendly  light  which  gives  its  tiny  ray  afar 
illumines  the  vale  and.  the  gloomy  shades. — The  order  of  the 
ivords  will  have  to  be  altered  considerably. 

Stanza  n.  3,  4.  Where  wilds  seem  to  grow  with  boundless 
tracts,  and  there  is  no  end  (meta)  nor  any  limit  to  my  wander¬ 
ing. 

Stanza  hi.  Hermit,  “senior.” — 2.  “Dangerous  gloom,”  dangers 
of  the  nightly  journey. — 4.  It  lures  thee  on  only  (non  nisi, 
Part  I.  Exercise  V.  line  3)  with  fatal  craft. 


EXERCISE  XLIII.  {Broome). 

Queen  of  fragrance,  lovely  Rose, 

The  beauties  of  thy  leaves  disclose  ! 

The  Winter's  past,  the  tempests  fly, 

Soft  gales  breathe  gently  through  the  sky: 

The  lark,  sweet  warbling  on  the  wing,  5 

Salutes  the  gay  return  of  spring  : 

The  silver  dews,  the  vernal  showers, 

Call  forth  a  bloomy  waste  of  flowers ; 

The  joyous  fields,  the  shady  woods, 

Are  clothed  with  green,  or  swell' d  with  buds.  10 
Then  haste  thy  beauties  to  disclose. 

Queen  of  fragrance,  lovely  Rose  ! 

1.  Queen  of  fragrance,  “  rerum  suavissima.” — 2.  Beauties, 
“  quidquid  honoris  habent.”  Aids  I.  h. — 6.  Rejoices  that  Spring 
has  revived  (reparo)  sunny  days. — 7.  The  dew  sparkles,  &c. — 8. 
Waste  of  flowers,  “  florum  copia  hie  illic.” — 11,  12.  Lovely 
rose,  why  dost  thou  delay?  Queen  of  fragrance,  disclose  for  me, 
disclose  at  my  prayer  (vocata)  thy  beauties.  (Poet.  Orn.  (.  2.) 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


119 


EXERCISE  XLIV.  {Bp.  Heber). 

God,  who  madest  Earth  and  Heaven, 
Darkness  and  light ; 

Who  the  day  for  toil  hast  given, 

For  rest  the  night. 

May  Thine  angel -guards  defend  us,  5 

Slumber  sweet  Thy  mercy  send  us ; 

Holy  dreams  and  hopes  attend  us. 

This  livelong  night. 

1.  Who  madest  (creator). — Use  “pariter — pariter.”  See  Part  I. 
Exercise  IX.  Stanza  i.  3. — 2.  Whom  light  and  darkness  own  as 
their  author  (pater). — 5.  Angel.  See  Part  I.  Exercise  LXX. 
note. — 6.  Let  kindly  rest  be  with  us  (comes)  under  Thy  blessing 
(auspice  te). — 8.  Cf.  Ovid,  Am.  i.  6.  24,  “  Tempora  noctis  eunt.” 

EXERCISE  XLV.  {same  continued). 

Guard  us  waking,  guard  us  sleeping ; 

And,  when  we  die. 

May  we  in  Thy  mighty  keeping 
All  peaceful  lie : 

When  the  last  dread  call  shall  wake  us 

Do  not  Thou,  our  God,  forsake  us. 

But  to  reign  in  glory  take  us 
With  Thee  on  high. 

1.  Malce  two  verses  of  this  line.  Expand  “guard”  into  “cuiA 
prcesidioque  fove,”  for  the  Pentameter;  and  make  the  Hexametei 
by  expanding  into  ‘  whether  we  wake.’  Cf.  Part  II.  Exercise 
XIY.  line  3,  &c.,  &c. — 5.  See  Poet.  Orn.  e. — 6,  See  Aids  i.  c. 
— 8.  To  reign,  &c.,  [As]  the  partners  and  sharers  of  Thy  king¬ 
dom.  This  will  malce  the  Pentameter. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


EXERCISE  XLVI.  {Sir  W.  Davenant). 

Roses  and  pinks  will  be  strewn  where  you  go ; 

Whilst  I  walk  in  shades  of  willow,  willow. 

When  I  am  dead  let  him  that  did  slay  me 
Be  but  so  good  as  kindly  to  lay  me 
There  where  neglected  lovers  mourn,  5 

Where  lamps  and  hallow'd  tapers  burn. 

Where  clerks  in  quires  sad  dirges  sing, 

Where  sweetly  bells  at  burials  ring. 

My  rose  of  youth  is  gone, 

Wither'd  as  soon  as  blown  !  10 

Lovers,  go  ring  my  knell ! 

Beauty  and  love,  farewell ! 

And  lest  virgins  forsaken 
Should  perhaps  be  mistaken 
In  seeking  my  grave,  alas  !  let  them  know  1 5 
I  lie  near  a  shade  of  willow,  willow  ! 

3,  4.  This  one  thing  grant  me  (exsequor),  thou  who  hast 
been  the  cause  of  my  death,  lay  my  limbs  in  the  spot  I  have 
enjoined. — 5,  6.  “Neglected  lovers.”  See  Part  I.  Exercise  V. 
line  1,  note. — 7.  Clerk,  “  sacerdos.” — 8.  “  melos  exsequiale.” 
11.  “  Si  quis,”  or  “  quisquis  amas.”  Cf.  “  Quisquis  amas,  scabris 
hoc  bustum  ccedite  saxis,”  Propert.  iv.  5.  75. — 12.  “  Beauty  and 

Love.”  see  Aids  1.  h. - 13 — 15.  From  “  and  lest — my  grave,” 

to  make  two  lines. — 15,  16.  Hear  my  warning,  ye  virgin 
bands ;  the  drooping  willow  o’ershadows  my  resting-place 
(cubile). 


EXERCISE  XLVI I. 

To  yon  fause  stream  that,  near  the  sea. 
Hides  mony  an  elf  and  plum, 

And  rives  wi'  fearful  din  the  stanes, 

A  witless  knight  did  come. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


121 


The  day  shines  clear — far  in  he’s  gane 
Where  shells  are  silver  bright ; 

Fishes  were  leapin’  a’  around, 

An’  sparklin’  to  the  light. 

When,  as  he  lav’d,  sounds  came  sae  sweet 
Frae  ilka  rock  and  tree ; 

The  brief  was  out — ’twas  him  it  doom’d 
The  mermaid’s  face  to  see. 

Glossary.  “  Plum/'  a  deep  hole. — “  witless,”  ignorant  of  his 
destiny. — “ilka,”  every. — “the  brief  was  out,”  the  sentence,  or 
doom,  had  gone  forth. 

Stanza  i.  2.  There  is  a  place  where  (est  ubi)  a  stream  flows 
into  the  sea  with  treacherous  course, — the  deep  water  hides 
many  mermen.  Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  v.  824,  “  Tritonesque  citi,  Phorci- 
que  exercitus  omnis.” 

Stanza  n.  1.  Far  in,  &c. — “  ruit  urinator  in  undas.” — 
“  urinator,”  a  diver. — 3,  4.  Poet.  Orn.  k. — “  Were  leaping.” 
Aids  i.  a. 

Stanza  in.  1,  2.  Break  up  the  English freely  thus ; 
Sweet  sounds  were  heard;  the  rocks  and  trees  (nemus)  repeat 
the  sweet  sounds.  Poet.  Orn.  £.  2. — 3,  4.  Fate’s  inevitable 
decree  had  gone  forth  :  he  was  to  behold  (intueor)  the  mermaid’s 
face. — “  inevitable.”  Aids  ii.  1. 


EXERCISE  XLVIII.  {same  continued). 

Frae  ’neath  a  rock,  soon,  soon  she  rose 
An’  stately  on  she  swam, 

Stopp’d  i’  the  midst,  an’  beck’d,  an’  sang 
To  him  to  stretch  his  han’. 

Gowden  glist  the  yellow  links 

That  round  her  neck  she’d  twine ; 

Her  e’en  were  o’  the  skyie  blue. 

Her  lips  did  mock  the  wine. 


122 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


Sae  couthie,  couthie  did  she  look, 

An  meikle  had  she  fleech'd  : 

Out  shot  his  hand — alas  !  alas  ! 

Fast  in  the  swirl  he  screech'd. 

Glossary.  “  Couthie,”  lovely. — “  fleeched,”  flattered,  coaxed. 
Stanza  I.  4.  “Stretch  thy  hand,”  she  sang.  See  Poet.  Orn.  £2. 
Stanza  ii.  3.  Resembled  (refero)  the  blue  sky. — 4.  “  Did 
mock,”  blush  rivalling,  &c. 

Stanza  in.  1.  Cf.  Part.  II.  Exercise  XX.  1. 


EXERCISE  XLIX.  ( Shakespeare ). 

Shall  I  compare  thee  to  a  Summer's  day  ? 

Thou  art  more  lovely  and  more  temperate : 

Rough  winds  do  shake  the  darling  buds  of  May, 
And  Summer's  lease  hath  all  too  short  a  date. 
Sometime  too  hot  the  eye  of  heaven  shines,  5 

And  often  is  his  gold  complexion  dimm'd ; 

And  every  fair  from  fair  sometime  declines, 

By  chance,  or  Nature's  changing  course,  untrimm'd. 
But  Thy  eternal  Summer  shall  not  fade. 

Nor  lose  possession  of  that  fair  thou  owest :  10 

Nor  shall  Death  brag  thou  wanderest  in  his  shade, 
When  in  eternal  lines  to  time  thou  growest : 

So  long  as  men  can  breathe,  or  eyes  can  see. 

So  long  lives  this,  and  this  gives  life  to  thee. 

2.  Thou  art  lovely  with  a  fairer  gentleness  (temperies). — 4. 
Summer’s  glory  fades  before  its  time. — 7,  8.  Beauty,  injured 
either  by  the  varying  course  (vice)  of  nature,  or  by  chance, 
becomes  less  sometimes  and  pleases  not  as  it  did  before. — 12. 
Thy  fame  shall  grow  in  eternal  verse. — 14.  Verses  are  immortal 
themselves,  and  forbid  to  die. 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


123 


EXERCISE  L.  (M.  Arnold). 

Youth  rambles  on  life's  arid  mount. 

And  strikes  the  rock,  and  finds  the  vein  ; 
And  brings  the  water  from  the  fount. 

The  fount  which  shall  not  flow  again. 

The  man  mature  with  labour  chops 

For  the  bright  stream  a  channel  grand. 

And  sees  not  that  the  sacred  drops 
Kan  off  and  vanish'd  out  of  hand. 

And  then  the  old  man  totters  nigh, 

And  feebly  rakes  among  the  stones  : — 

The  mount  is  mute,  the  stream  is  dry, 

And  down  he  lays  his  weary  bones. 

Stanza  1.  2.  “Vena  reperta  patet.”— 4.  Poet.  Orn.  £ — Ne’er 
again,  “  non  ullo  die.” 

Stanza  11.  3,  4.  Meanwhile  he  knows  not  in-his-filindness 
(male  providus)  that  the  sacred  waters  have  passed  from  his 
sight  with  sudden  flight. 

Stanza  in.  2.  Rake  among,  “  rimor.”— 4.  The  old  man  lays 
down  his  weary  limbs. 

EXERCISE  LI.  ( Shakespeare ). 

Full  many  a  glorious  morning  have  I  seen 

Flatter  the  mountain  tops  with  sovereign  eye. 
Kissing  with  golden  face  the  meadows  green, 
Gilding  pale  streams  with  heavenly  alchemy, 

Anon  permit  the  basest  clouds  to  ride  & 

With  ugly  rack  on  his  celestial  face, 

And  from  the  forlorn  world  his  visage  hide, 

Stealing  unseen  to  West  with  this  disgrace. 


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EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


E’en  so  my  sun  one  early  morn  did  shine 

With  all  triumphant  splendour  on  my  brow  10 
But  out !  alack  !  he  was  but  one  hour  mine  : 

The  region  cloud  hath  masked  me  from  him  now ; 
Yet  him  for  this  my  love  no  whit  disdaineth; 

Suns  of  the  world  may  stain,  when  heaven’s  sun 
staineth. 

1,2.  How  often  duasthe  sun,  &c. — flatter,  “foveo.” — sovereign, 
“  regalis.” — 3.  All-gold  (aureus)  lie  kisses  the  green  plains, 
like  an  alchymist  (magus),  he  breathes  gold  on  the  pale  waters. 
5,  6.  Break  up  the  English: — And  now  clouds  float,  &c. — 9. 
One  early  morn,  “  mane  quondam.” — See  Aids  v. — 10.  And 
lit  up  (tingo)  my  brow  with  joyous  lustre. — 12.  Thick  clouds 
now  shroud  his  head. — 14.  The  suns  of  mortals  may  grow  dark, 
since  the  god  himself  grows  dark. — “  Soles  ”  in  line  13. 

For  the  use  of  “  afflo  ”  in  line  3,  cf.  Yirg.  iEn.  i.  591,  “  Lsetos 
oculis  affldrat  honores,”  and  Tibullus,  ii.  4.  57. 


EXERCISE  LII.  ( Hemans ). 

When  the  last  flush  of  eve  is  dying 
On  boundless  lakes  afar  that  shine ; 

When  winds  amidst  the  palms  are  sighing, 

And  fragrance  breathes  from  every  pine  : 

When  stars  through  cypress  boughs  are  gleaming, 
And  fire-flies  wander  bright  and  free,  6 

Still  of  thy  harps,  thy  mountains  dreaming, 

My  thoughts,  wild  Cambria,  dwell  with  thee. 

3,  4.  Transpose  these  lines. — “Every.”  Aids  n.  1. — 5,  6. 
Transpose  these  lines. — Fire-fly,  “  lam pyris  ”  (Poet.  Orn.  a). — 
7.  Dreaming,  “  subeunt  per  somnia.”  Repeat  the  verb.  See  Part 
I.  Exercise  XII.  5,  note  ;  and  Poet.  Orn.  £  2. — 8.  “  Thoughts 
dwell,”  use  the  phrase  “non  cadere  ex  mente”  or  “pectore.” 


EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  VERSE 


125 


EXERCISE  LI II.  (Cowfter). 

'Twas  in  the  glad  season  of  Spring, 

Asleep  at  the  dawn  of  the  day, 

I  dreamed  what  I  cannot  but  sing. 

So  pleasant  it  seem'd  as  I  lay. 

I  dream' d  that,  on  ocean  afloat 

Far  hence  to  the  Westward  I  sail'd, 

Where  the  billows  high  lifted  the  boat, 

And  the  fresh-blowing  breeze  never  fail'd. 

In  the  steerage  a  woman  I  saw ; 

Such  at  least  was  the  form  that  she  wore, 
Whose  beauty  impress'd  me  with  awe. 

Ne'er  taught  me  by  woman  before. 

Stanza  1.  2.  “  Asleep,”  I  was  sleeping. — 3,  4.  When  I  saw 
(Poet.  Orn.  k)  dreams  that-demand  pleasant  strains :  pleasant 
dreams  appeared  to  me  in  my  slumbers  (soporatus). 

Stanza  n.  2.  I  sailed,  “  vela  dabam.” — 4.  “  Never  failed,’* 
ceased  not  to  follow. — “  fresh-blowing.”  Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  vii.  510, 
“Spirans  immane;”  Hor.  C.  iii.  27, 67,  “Perfidum  ridens  Venus.’* 

Stanza  111.  2.  At  all  events  she  had  a  woman’s  features  (sum, 
with  abl.  quality). 

EXERCISE  LIV.  ( same  continued ). 

She  sat,  and  a  shield  at  her  side 
Shed  light,  like  a  sun  on  the  waves, 

And  smiling  divinely,  she  cried — 

“  I  go  to  make  freemen  of  slaves  ! " 

Then,  raising  her  voice  to  a  strain, 

The  sweetest  that  ear  ever  heard, 

She  sung  of  the  slave's  broken  chain. 
Wherever  her  glory  appear'd. 


126 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


Some  clouds  which  had  over  us  hung. 

Fled,  chased  by  her  melody  clear, 

And  methought,  while  she  liberty  sung, 

'Twas  liberty  only  to  hear. 

Stanza  i.  1.  At  her  side,  “  vicina  sedenti.” — 3.  Smiling 
divinely,  “  haud  hominem  ridens.”  Cf.  Yirg.  iEn.  i.  320, 
“Nec  vox  liominem  sonat  ”  (Cogn.  acc.). — 4.  I  go  that  he  may  be 
free  who  [was]  but  lately  a  slave. 

Stanza  ii.  2.  (Freely.)  My  ear  never  heard  sweeter. — 4. 
“  Wherever,”  cf.  Part  I.  Exercise  XXI.  5,  note. — glory,  “  ma- 
jestas.” — appeared,  “tulisset  iter.” 

Stanza  in.  2.  Fled,  “terga  dedere.” — 3,  4.  And  methought 
(puto),  while  she  sings  of  liberty,  catch  (percipio)  only  (Aids  n.) 
the  melody,  thou  wilt  be  free. 

Observe  particularly  Stanza  i.  3  and  Stanza  hi.  3,  4. 

EXERCISE  LV.  (Prior). 

The  merchant,  to  secure  his  treasure. 

Conveys  it  in  a  borrow'd  name  : 

Eaphelia  serves  to  grace  my  measure. 

But  Chloe  is  my  real  flame. 

My  softest  verse,  my  darling  lyre. 

Upon  Euplielia’s  toilet  lay  ; 

When  Chloe  noted  her  desire 

That  I  should  sing,  that  I  should  play. 

Stanza  i.  1.  “  To  secure,”  labouring  to  keep  safe. — 2.  “  Bor¬ 
row’d,”  fictus. — 3.  “  Serves  to  grace,”  “  commendat  nomine.” — 
4.  See  Aids  vi. 

Stanza  n.  2.  “  Toilet,”  cf.  Ovid,  Amor.  I.  vii.  68,  “  Comas  in 
statione  ponere.” — Keep  the  words,  “  darling  lyre,”  for  line  3. 

EXERCISE  LVI.  (same  continued). 

My  lyre  I  tune,  my  voice  I  raise ; 

But  with  my  numbers  mix  my  sighs  ; 

And,  whilst  I  sing  Euphelia's  praise, 

I  fix  my  soul  on  Chloe's  eyes. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


127 


Fair  Chloe  blush'd  :  Euphelia  frown'd  : 

I  sung  and  gazed ;  I  play'd  and  trembled : 

And  Yenus  to  the  Loves  around 

Bemark'd  how  ill  we  all  dissembled. 

Stanza  1.  1.  Tune,  “proludo  cithara.” — 2.  Poet.  Orn.  £.  2. 

3,  4.  See  Aids  vi. — “  Eyes,”  face. — I  fix  my  soul,  “  mens 
pendet  ab.” 

Stanza  n.  1.  “  Frowned ;  ”  expand  this  word. — 3.  To  the 
Loves  around,  “  audit  Cythereia  proles,”  in  a  parenthesis . — 

4.  Said,  “  how  ill  they-all  (unus  et  alter)  dissemble  !  ” 

EXERCISE  LVII.  (T.  Moore). 

I  know  where  the  winged  visions  dwell 
That  around  the  night-bed  play  : 

I  know  each  herb  and  floweret's  bell, 

Where  they  hide  their  wings  by  day. 

Then  hasten  we,  maid,  5 

To  twine  our  braid  ; 

To-morrow  the  dreams  and  flowers  will  fade. 

The  image  of  love  that  rightly  flies 
To  visit  the  bashful  maid, 

Steals  from  the  jasmine  flower,  that  sighs 
Its  soul,  like  her,  in  the  shade. 

The  hope,  in  dreams,  of  a  happier  hour  5 

That  alights  on  Misery's  brow, 

Springs  out  of  the  silvery  almond-flower, 

That  blooms  on  a  leafless  bough. 

Then  hasten  we,  maid,  &c.  &c. 

Stanza  1.  2.  Such  as  are  wont  to  play  through  the  chamber 
by  night. — 3,  4.  What  herbs,  what  pendant  buds  (germen)  do  I 
not  know,  where  their  wing  lurks  hid  by  day? — 5,  6.  ( One  line). 
“  Braid,”  garland. — 7.  “  The  flowers  will  fade,”  the  flower’s 
beauty  will  depart. 

Stanza  11.  3,  4.  The  jasmine  (line  4),  the  flower  whence  he 


128 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


stealthily  flies,  is  wont  (amo,  see  Aids  iv.  c.)  to  sigh  in  the 
shade,  like  the  maiden  herself. — 5,  6.  Whatever  (si-qua)  hope, 
settling  on  the  mourner’s  brow,  teaches  him  to  expect  that 
nappier  (magis  lgetus)  days  may  come. — “Misery’s  brow,”  cf. 
Part  I.  Exercise  XXXVI.  note. — 7.  Almond-flower,  “amyg- 
daleus  flos.”— 8.  Where  the  silvery  bud  blooms  on  a  leafless 
stem. 


EXERCISE  LVIII.  {Rogers). 

The  sunbeams  streak  the  azure  sky, 

And  line  with  light  the  mountain's  brow, 
With  hounds  and  horn  the  hunters  rise, 

And  chase  the  roebuck  through  the  snow. 
The  goats  wind  slow  their  wonted  way,  5 

Up  craggy  steeps  and  ridges  rude. 

Marked  by  the  wild  wolf  for  his  prey, 

From  desert  cave  or  hanging  wood  : 

And  while  the  torrent  thunders  loud. 

And  as  the  echoing  cliffs  reply,  10 

The  huts  peep  o'er  the  morning  cloud, 

Perch'd  like  an  eagle's  nest  on  high. 

4.  And  the  roebuck  flies,  &c. — 7.  Turn  by  'placing  “wolf”  in 
the  nominative. — 11,  12.  Scarce  do  the  huts  o’ertop  the  morning 
cloud,  seeming  to  remind-one-of  (refero)  the  eagle’s  eyrie  (aeria 
domus,  pi.  Poet.  Orn.  a). 

EXERCISE  LIX.  {Coleridge). 

Ere  sin  could  blight,  or  sorrow  fade, 

Death  came  with  friendly  care, — 

The  opening  bud  to  Heaven  convey'd, 

And  bade  it  blossom  there. 

2.  “Death,”  Libitina. — came,  “fert  pedem.” — 3.  Plants  the 
opening  bud  in  heavenly  gardens.  Poet.  Orn.  k. 


EXERCISES  IN  LA  TIN  VERSE 


129 


EXERCISE  LX.  (E.  B.  Browning). 

By  your  truth  she  shall  be  true, 

Ever  true  as  wives  of  yore  ; 

And  her  Yes  once  said  to  you 
Shall  be  Yes  for  evermore. 

To  make  two  lines  only. — “  Bj  your  truth,”  To  you  faithful 
she  shall  remain  faithful. — “  Her  ‘  Yes,’  ”  Saying  “  I  am  thine  ” 
now,  she  shall  he  thine  for  ever. 

EXERCISE  LXI. 

Men  have  many  faults  :  Women  only  two  : 

Nothing  right  they  say ;  nothing  right  they  do. 

See  Poet.  Orn.  a. — “  only.”  Aids  11.  1. — Have  faults,  “  vitiis 
premor.” — Nothing  right,  “  nil  boni.” 


EXERCISE  LXII.  (Sir  W.  Jones). 

On  parent  knees  a  naked  new-born  child. 

Weeping  thou  sat'st,  whilst  all  around  thee  smiled  : 
So  live,  that  sinking  to  thy  life's  last  sleep, 

Calm  thou  mayst  smile,  whilst  all  around  thee  weep. 

2.  “All  around  thee  smiled,”  all  was  joyous  to  thy  [friends]. 


K 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


EXERCISE  I.  (Gray). 

Hark !  how  the  sacred  calm  that  breathes  around 
Bids  every  fierce  tumultuous  passion  cease. 

In  still  small  accents  whispering  from  the  ground 
A  grateful  earnest  of  eternal  peace. 

1 — 4.  Listen !  the  place  itself  breathes  a  sacred  calm,  And 
bids  the  surges  of  passions  depart  from  the  breast ;  and,  like  to 
one  whispering,  a  grateful  messenger  of  eternal  peace,  a  small 
voice  speaks  rising  (ortus)  from  the  ground.  Cf.  Part  I.  Exer¬ 
cise  Y.  I. 


EXERCISE  II.  (Gray). 

Him  have  we  seen  the  greenwood  side  along, 

While  o’er  the  heath  we  hied,  our  labour  done, 
Oft  as  the  woodlark  piped  her  farewell  song, 

With  wistful  eyes  pursue  the  setting  sun. 

(a) 

1 — 4.  Him  have  we  seen,  whilst  we  hie  over  (carpo)  the  fields, 
our  labour  done  (abl.  abs.),  By  the  greenwood  side  pace  to  and  fro, 
(Cf.  Part  I.  Exercise  IY.  16.) — And  with  wistful  eye  pursue  the 
setting  sun,  if  perchance  the  lark  were  uttering  late  her  last 
song,  or,  if  any  lark  lingering  uttered  her  late  song. 

(t>) 

1 — 4.  Him, — whilst  we  hie  (ferimur)  o’er  the  fields,  our  la¬ 
bour  done, — not  once  have  we  seen  walk  by  the  greenwood  side; 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


I3I 


and  if  anywhere  there  was  wafted  the  voice  of  the  late- singing 
lark,  [we  have  seen  him]  follow  with  longing  eye  the  departing 
sun. — “  Late-singing,”  sera  canens ;  cf.  Virg.  G.  iv.  122,  “  sera 
comantem  Narcissum;”  JEn.  xii.  864  Refer  to  Aids  yi. 

EXERCISE  III.  (Gray). 

There,  scatter’d  oft — the  earliest  of  the  year — 

By  hands  unseen,  are  showers  of  violets  found  : 
The  red-breast  loves  to  build  and  warble  there. 

And  little  footsteps  lightly  print  the  ground. 

1 — 4.  Oft  hath  a  hand  unseen  (nulli  visus,  inobservatus) 
offered  there  showers  of  violets,  the  first  gifts  of  the  early  year ; 
the  red-breast  rejoices  to  build  and  warble  there,  and  little  feet 
scarce  press  the  surface  of  the  grass. — “  Showers  of  violets,” 
violse  solutse ;  cf.  Ov.  Fasti,  ii.  539.  “  To  build  and  warble,” 

turn  by  abl.  abs.,  “  having  built  its  nest  to  warble  ”  (perf. ;  Poet. 
Orn.  y).  For  line  1,  “  scattered  ...  by  hands  unseen,”  cf.  Hor. 
Epp.  i.  17.  10,  “  natus  moriensque  fefellit  ’’  (=  XeXqOev). 

EXERCISE  IV.  (A.  A.  Procter). 

Put  forth  thy  leaf,  thou  lofty  plane, 

East  wind  and  frost  are  safely  gone ; 

With  zephyr  mild  and  balmy  rain 
The  summer  comes  serenely  on ; 

Earth,  air  and  sun  and  skies  combine 
To  promise  all  that’s  kind  and  fair : — 

But  thou,  0  human  heart  of  mine. 

Be  still,  contain  thyself  and  bear. 

December  days  were  brief  and  chill, 

The  winds  of  March  were  wild  and  drear. 

And  nearer  and  receding  still, 

Spring  never  would,  we  thought,  be  here ; 

The  leaves  that  burst,  the  suns  that  shine, 

Had,  not  the  less,  their  certain  date  : — 

k  2 


5 


10 


i32 


SUPPLEMENTAR  Y  EXERCISES. 


And  thou,  0  human  heart  of  mine,  15 

Be  still,  refrain  thyself  and  wait. 

Stanza  i.  1.  Put  forth  thy  leaf  (da  truso  germine  frondes). — 
5,  6.  Sun,  air,  stars,  [and]  earth  with  one  consent  (communi 
foedere)  promise  all  that  is  kind  and  fair  everywhere  (quidquid 
almi  nitet.  Aids  i.  h). — 7,  8.  But  do  thou,  O  heart  of  mine 
(nostrum),  beneath  a  calm  breast,  learn  silently  (presso  mur- 
mure)  to  bear  thy  lot.  Poet.  Orn.  f.  2. 

Stanza  II.  3,  4.  Then,  like  one  approaching  and  like  one 
retreating (fugax),  the  warmth  of  spring  (adj.)  had  seemed  never 
to  be  present,  or,  the  hope  departed  that  spring  days  could 
return. — 5,  6.  Nevertheless,  a  regular  (certus)  season  with 
regular  alternation  brought  back  both  the  swelling  leaves  and  the 
bright  rising  of  the  sun.  Transpose  these  lines. 

Note  the  asyndeton  in  Stanza  i.  line  5.  Cf.  Parti.  Exercise 
LXXVIII.  4. 

EXERCISE  V. 


(  The  bride  is  dead  !  The  bride  is  dead  ! 
(  Cold  and  frail  and  fair  she  lieth ; 

(  Wrapt  is  she  in  sullen  lead; 
t  And  a  flower  is  at  her  head; 

/  And  the  breeze  above  her  sigheth, 

■j  Thorough  night  and  thorough  day, 
i  “  Fled  away  !  Fled  away  !  " 


r  Once, — but  what  can  that  avail  ? — 

<  Once  she  wore  within  her  bosom 
v  Pity,  which  did  never  fail ; 

/  A  hue  that  dash'd  the  lily  pale ; 

}  And  upon  her  cheek  a  blossom 
v  Such  as  yet  was  never  known  : 

— All  is  past  and  overthrown  ! 

r  Mourn !  the  sweetest  bride  is  dead ; 

<  And  her  knight  is  sick  with  sorrow, 
'  That  her  bloom  is  lapp'd  in  lead ; 


5 


10 


15 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


133 


j  Yet  he  hopeth,  fancy  fed, 
l  He  may  kiss  his  love  to-morrow. 

{But  the  breezes — what  say  they  ?  20 

Fled  away  !  Fled  away  !  ” 

1.  Poet.  Orn.  £. 

3.  A  leaden  coffin  (area)  embraces  her  limbs  laid  out. 

8.  Once  she  cherished — (what  avails  it  to  have  cherished  it?) — 
a  gentle  temper  towards  all,  (she  who  was)  ne’er  found  harsh. — 
“  Ne’er,”  nullo  die.  Cf.  Part  I.  Exercise  XY.  4. 

9 — 11.  She  was  pale  enough  to  surpass  (quod  vinceret)  the 
very  lilies ;  she  blushed  as  the  crimson  roses  blush  not  (Poet 
Orn.  /3).  Aids  1.  e,  note. 

14.  (to  make  two  lines).  Alas  !  whatever  beauty  smiled,  what¬ 
ever  loveable,  the  day  of  doom  (atradies)  hath  carried  it  away ; 
alas  !  all  her  beauty  is  gone  (fuit).  Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  ii.  325, 
“  Puimus  Troes,  fuit  Ilium.” 

15.  She  is  dead,  alas !  the  sweetest  one  (Part  II.  Exercise 
XLIII.  1) ;  her  husband  grieves  to  have  given  her  fair  limbs 
to  the  funereal  lead. 


EXERCISE  VI.  {Psalm  xlvi.). 

1.  God  is  our  hope  and  strength, 

A  very  present  help  in  trouble. 

2.  Therefore  will  we  not  fear,  though  the  earth  be 

moved, 

And  though  the  hills  be  carried  into  the  midst 
of  the  sea ; 

3.  Though  the  waters  thereof  rage  and  swell, 

And  though  the  mountains  shake  at  the  tempest 

of  the  same. 

4.  The  rivers  of  the  flood  thereof  make  glad  the 

city  of  God, 

The  holy  place  of  the  tabernacle  of  the  Most 
High. 


334 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


5.  God  is  in  the  midst  of  her ;  therefore  shall  she 

not  be  removed : 

God  shall  help  her,  and  that  right  early. 

6.  The  heathen  make  much  ado,  and  the  kingdoms 

are  moved  : 

But  God  hath  showed  His  voice,  and  the  earth 
shall  melt  away. 

7.  The  Lord  of  Hosts  is  with  us  : 

The  God  of  Jacob  is  our  refuge. 

8.  0  come  hither,  and  behold  the  works  of  the  Lord, 
What  destruction  He  hath  brought  upon  the 

earth. 

9.  He  maketh  wars  to  cease  in  all  the  world ; 

He  breaketh  the  bow,  and  knappeth  the  spear  in 
sunder,  and  burneth  the  chariots  in  the  fire. 

10.  Be  still,  then,  and  know  that  I  am  God : 

I  will  be  exalted  among  the  heathen,  and  I  will 
be  exalted  in  the  earth. 

11.  The  Lord  of  Hosts  is  with  us  : 

The  God  of  Jacob  is  our  refuge. 

{Each  verse  of  the  Psalm  to  make  two  lines.) 

1.  Our  God  is  a  hope  to  the  wretched,  and  a  brazen  tower,  nor 
is  He  far  when  the  anger  of  the  people  rages.  2.  I  should  not 
fear,  though  the  earth  yawn,  and  (though)  the  wave  of  mid  sea 
overwhelm  the  mountains.  3.  Nor  should  I  tremble  beholding 
the  sea,  when  with  hoarse  murmur  it  leaps  upon  the  rocks  and 
shakes  the  cliffs.  4.  City  inhabited  by  God,  thy  streets  a  river 
traverses,  and  with  happy  water  thy  temples  are  bedewed.  5.  God 
is  in  the  midst;  He  hath  entrenched  thee  on  every  side:  He  is 
wont  to  bring  (Poet.  Orn.  /3)  aid,  whenever  the  enemy  threatens. 
6.  The  barbaric  tribes  shouted ;  withal  (simul)  the  heaven 
thundered,  the  earth  was  melted  and  cracked  asunder  (soluta 
rimas  dedit,  Aids  I.  a).  7.  But  the  God  of  the  Israelites 

(Isacidse),  who  rules  war,  was  instead  of  (instar)  a  citadel  to  us, 
and  brought  aid.  8.  Come  hither,  and  with  me  behold  the  mar- 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


135 


vels  of  the  Thunderer,  and  the  kingdoms  laid  waste  by  the  divine 
hand.  9.  God  maketh  wars  to  cease ;  He  breaketh  the  arrows 
and  the  bows,  He  likewise  (idem)  destroys  with  fire  the  scythed 
chariots.  10.  Lay  aside  threats,  He  saith ;  look  up  to  Me  as 
Lord;  earth  and  sea  alike  shall  acknowledge  My  dominion 
(fasces).  11.  Cf.  Verse  7. 

EXERCISE  VII.  {Moore). 

A  hunter  once  in  that  grove  reclined 
To  shun  the  noon's  bright  eye. 

And  oft  he  woo’d  the  wandering  wind 
To  cool  his  brow  with  its  sigh. 

While  mute  lay  ev’n  the  wild  bee’s  hum,  5 

Nor  breath  could  stir  the  aspen’s  hair, 

His  song  was  still  “  Sweet  air,  O  come  !  ” 

And  echo  answer’d,  “  Come,  sweet  air  !  ” 

But  hark,  what  sounds  from  the  thicket  rise  ? 
What  meaneth  that  rustling  spray  ?  10 

“  ’Tis  the  white-horn’d  doe,”  the  hunter  cries, 

“  I  have  sought  since  break  of  day.” 

Alas  !  ’twas  not  the  white-horn’d  doe 
He  saw  in  the  rustling  grove ; 

But  the  bridal  veil,  as  pure  as  snow,  15 

Of  his  own  young  wedded  love  ! 

(Read  Ovid,  A.  A.  iii.  687 — 746  ;  Metam.  vii.  804 — 861.) 
Stanza  1.  3,  4.  Here  often  be  wooed  the  sighs  of  the  fitful 
(mobilis)  Zephyr,  “  Bring  coolness,  coolness  to  my  brow.” 

Stanza  n.  7,  8.  The  white  veil  of  the  bride  whom  thou  hast 
lately  wedded,  thou  seest,  (the  veil)  that  seems  (part.)  to  resemble 
the  pure  snows. 


EXERCISE  VIII. 

On  Richmond  Hill  there  lives  a  lass 
More  bright  than  May-day  morn. 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


136 


Whose  charms  all  other  maids  surpass, 

A  rose  without  a  thorn. 

This  lass  so  neat,  with  smile  so  sweet,  5 
Has  won  my  right  good-will : 

Pd  crowns  resign  to  call  her  mine, 

Sweet  lass  of  Eichmond  Hill. 

Ye  zephyrs  gay  that  fan  the  air, 

And  wanton  through  the  grove,  10 

O  whisper  to  my  charming  fair, 

I  die  for  her  I  love. 

How  happy  will  the  shepherd  be 
That  calls  this  nymph  his  own  ! 

O  may  her  choice  be  fix'd  on  me  !  15 

Mine's  fix'd  on  her  alone. 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  A  fair  maid,  1  wot  (mihi,  Ethic  dat.  Aids  v.), 
dwells  on  the  Alban  hill,  fairer  than  the  spring  day,  when  it 
shines  at  its  dawn  (part.). — 3,  4.  She  charms,  as  no  maidens 
have  charmed ;  she  (is)  like  the  rose  which  blushes  without  a 
thorn.  (Aids  1.  e,  note). — 5,  6.  Such  neatness,  so  sweet  a  smile  on 
her  face,  have  bound  fast  my  heart  with  pleasing  chain.  Cf. 
Hor.  C.  i.  33.  14. — 7,  8-  If  only  I  possess  thee,  I  would  refuse  a 
thousand  diadems,  dear  maid,  who  inhabitest  the  Alban  height. 
— Note  “  mille,”  indefinite,  for  any  large  number. 

Stanza  11.  3,  4.  Carry,  I  pray  you,  carry  my  sighs  to  my 
mistress ;  say,  “  Thyrsis  is  a-dying  with  bootless  love.”  Cf.  Virg. 
Eel.  x.  10. — 5,  6.  Oh !  thrice  happy  he,  to  whomsoever  (si  cui) 
it  shall  be  permitted  to  say  (perf .),  “  Who  hinders  me  from 
rightly  calling  Phyllis  my  own  P  ” — 7,  8.  May  the  gods  grant 
thou  mayest  think  me  worthy  of  thy  love,  Phyllis:  Thou, 
without  a  rival,  thou  alone  hast  charms  (placeo)  for  me. 

EXERCISE  IX. 

It  came  upon  the  midnight  clear 
That  glorious  song  of  old, 

From  angels  bending  near  the  earth 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


137 


To  touch,  their  harps  of  gold  : — 

“  Peace  upon  earth,  goodwill  to  man 
From  heaven’s  all-gracious  King  !  " 

The  world  in  solemn  stillness  lay 
To  hear  the  angels  sing. 

Still  through  the  cloven  skies  they  come 
With  peaceful  wing  unfurl'd, 

And  still  their  heavenlv  music  floats 
O'er  all  the  weary  world ; 

Above  its  sad  and  lowly  plains 
They  bend  on  heavenly  wing, 

And  ever  o'er  its  Babel  sounds 
The  blessed  angels  sing. 

Stanza  1.  1 — 4.  Of  old  through  the  darkness  beneath  the 
clear  night  came  (Poet.  Orn.  k)  words  glorious  with  well-known 
(nobilis)  strains ;  what  time  (tempore  quo)  angels,  bending  with 
overhanging  wings,  strike  the  golden  strings  of  the  lyre. — 
“  Angels,’’  caelicoke  ;  caelicolum  cohors,  &c.  ;  setherii  chori ; 
superum  (cadicolum)  ministri.  Avoid  “  angelicus.” 

Stanza  n.  2.  And  open  their  wings,  a  gentle  band. — 4.  Wbere- 
ever  weary  hardships  (taedia  dura)  oppress  mortals. — 7.  And 
through  the  din  (pi.)  of  men,  through  a  thousand  murmurs, 
through  cities,  the  holy  bands  sing  for  aye. 


EXERCISE  X.  {Bums). 

O  Mary,  at  thy  window  be, 

It  is  the  wish'd,  the  trysted  hour  I 
Those  smiles  and  glances  let  me  see 
That  make  the  miser's  treasure  poor : 
How  blithely  wad  I  bide  the  stoure, 
A  weary  slave  frae  sun  to  sun. 

Could  I  the  rich  reward  secure 
The  lovely  Mary  Morison. 


138 


SUPPLEMENTAR  Y  EXERCISES . 


1,  2.  Look  down,  my  Phyllis,  look  down  from  the  open  win¬ 
dow  ;  the  trysting  hour  of  the  wished-for  time  calls.  Cf.  Hor. 
C.i.  9.  20,  “  composite  repetantur  hora.” — 4.  Compared  with 
which  the  millionaire’s  wealth  (Attalicse  opes)  would  be  despised. 

5 — 8.  A  willing  slave  a  thousand  dangers,  a  thousand  labours, 
would  I  endure,  where  the  sun  traverses  either  pole ;  If  only  it 
were  possible  at  length  to  attain  the  rich  reward ;  if  only  thou, 
lovely  Phyllis,  art  granted  to  my  prayers  (cedo  votis).  Cf.  Ov. 
R.  A.  563,  “  ut  votis  csetera  cedant.” 

EXERCISE  XI.  {same  continued). 

Yestreen,  when  to  the  trembling  string 
The  dance  gaed  through  the  lighted  ha*, 

To  thee  my  fancy  took  its  wing — 

I  sat,  but  neither  heard  nor  saw : 

Though  this  was  fair,  and  that  was  braw, 

And  yon  the  toast  of  a*  the  town, 

I  sigh’d,  and  said,  amang  them  a’, 

“  Ye  are  na  Mary  Morison.” 

Yester  even,  to  (ad)  the  trembling  strings  of  the  harp  the 
joyous  dance  moved  (ibat)  beneath  many  a  torch.  My  mind  as 
I  sat  sought  thee  with  lighter  flight ;  nought  saw  I  (pi.),  no 
sounds  I  heard.  (Cf.  Ov.  H.  v.  45,  “  nostros  vidisti  flentis 
ocellos;”  and  “  oculis  haurire,”  Virg.  iEn.  xii.  946;  “  auribus 
haurire,”  JEn.  iv.  359.)  Lalage  was  fair,  Lydia  of  surpassing 
beauty ;  Chloe  flourished,  the  toast  (fabula)  in  the  whole  city ; 
But  I  amid  sighs,  a  ring  standing  round  me,  said,  “  I  have 
nought  to  do  with  you  ;  Phyllis  is  not  here.” 

EXERCISE  XII.  ( same  continued). 

0  Mary,  canst  thou  wreck  his  peace 
Wha  for  thy  sake  wad  gladly  die  ? 

Or  canst  thou  break  that  heart  of  his 
Whose  only  faut  is  loving  thee  ? 

If  love  for  love  thou  wilt  na  gie, 

At  least  be  pity  to  me  shown ; 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


139 


A  thought  ungentle  canna  be 
The  thought  o’  Mary  Morison. 

Phyllis,  canst  thou  bring  thyself  (potes)  to  wreck  (penitus 
subvertere)  my  peace,  who  for  thee  would  endure  to  die  many 
deaths  (terque  quaterque)  P  Canst  thou  bring  thyself  to  crush 
with  the  extremity  of  grief  (his)  breast,  who  has  had  no  fault  (cui 
nihil  culpas  fuerit)  except  loving  ?  (Cf.  Ov.  H.  vii.  164.)  If  I 
pray  thee  in  vain  (n.  pi.  =  adv.),  and  thou  wilt  not  requite 
(respondeo)  my  love,  yet  at  least  be  moved  in  heart  by  my 
prayer :  Be  moved ;  Phyllis  plans  nought  bitter  in  her  soul 
(secum) :  only  gentle-hearted  will  Phyllis  be.  Aids  1.  i. 

EXERCISE  XIII.  ( Tennyson, ). 

Not  here  :  the  white  North  hath  thy  bones  ;  but 
thou, 

Heroic  sailor  soul, 

Art  passing  on  thy  happier  voyage  now 

Towards  no  earthly  pole. 

1.  “Not  here,”  funus  inane  damus  (cf.  Hor.  C.  ii.  20.  21); 
or,  “  Here  (is)  no  part  of  thee.” — 2 — 4.  But  no  earthly  pole  is 
now  thy  goal ;  for  thy  shade,  having  braved  so  many  dangers, 
so  many  hard  toils,  is  passing  on  a  happier  (magis  faustus) 
voyage,  0  sailor. 

EXERCISE  XIV.  (J.  Thomson ), 

Come,  dear  Amanda,  quit  the  town, 

And  to  the  rural  hamlets  fly  ! 

Behold  !  the  wintry  storms  are  gone  ; 

A  gentle  radiance  glads  the  sky. 

The  birds  awake,  the  flowers  appear, 

Earth  spreads  a  verdant  couch  for  thee ; 

'Tis  joy  and  music  all  we  hear, 

’Tis  love  and  beantv  all  we  see. 

1/ 

Stanza  1.  1,  2.  Aids  vii.  5. 

Stanza  11.  3,  4.  Transpose : — We  see  all  things  beauteous 


140 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


with  Love’s  own  (Cupidineus)  charm ;  joyously  sound  whatever 
strains  we  hear. — ‘‘joyously,”  laeta,  n.  pi.  =  adv. — “  hear,”  carpo 
aure. 

EXERCISE  XV.  {Keble). 

The  bright-hair’d  morn  is  glowing 
O’er  emerald  meadows  gay, 

With  many  a  clear  gem  strowing 
The  early  shepherd’s  way. 

Ye  gentle  elves,  by  Fancy  seen 
Stealing  away  with  night 
To  slumber  in  your  leafy  screen, 

Tread  more  than  airy  light. 

5.  “  Elves,”  Dryades ;  Nymphae. — “  Fancy,”  cf.  Part  II. 
Exercise  XXX.  6. — 8.  Go,  with  light  foot,  such  as  the  air 
moves  not  (Poet.  Orn.  /3).  “  Ferre  pedem,”  to  stir  the  foot, 

advance,  go,  come,  foot  it,  trip  it.  Or,  Tread,  I  pray,  lighter 
than  the  light  air. 


EXERCISE  XVI.  (M.  Arnold). 

TRISTAN. 

I  forgot, — thou  comest  from  thy  voyage — 

Yes,  the  spray  is  on  thy  cloak  and  hair. 

But  thy  dark  eyes  are  not  dimm’d,  proud  Iseult, 
And  thy  beauty  never  was  more  fair. 

ISEULT. 

Ah  !  harsh  flatterer,  let  alone  my  beauty  : 

I,  like  thee,  have  left  my  youth  afar. 

Take  my  hand,  and  touch  these  wasted  fingers ; 

See  my  cheek  and  lips,  how  white  they  are. 

Stanza  11.  1.  Whom  do  you  deceive  ?  praise  not  my  beauty, 
cruel  one  !  Aids  vii.  5,  note ;  cf.  Persius,  Sat.  iii.  19,  “  cui 
verba  (sc.  das)  ?  ”  Look  out  the  phrase  “dare  verba.” 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


141 


EXERCISE  XVII.  {same  continued). 

TRISTAN. 

Thou  art  paler  : — but  thy  sweet  charm,  Iseult, 
Would  not  fade  with  the  dull  years  away. 

Ah  !  how  fair  thou  standest  in  the  moonlight ! 

I  forgive  thee,  Iseult  ! — thou  wilt  stay  ? 

ISEULT. 

Fear  me  not ;  I  will  be  always  near  thee ; 

I  will  watch  thee,  tend  thee,  soothe  thy  pain ; 
Sing  thee  tales  of  true  long-parted  lovers 
Join'd  at  evening  of  their  days  again. 

Stanza  11.  3,  4.  And  I  will  sing  how  true  love  in  the  late 
evening  of  life  joined  hearts  long  torn  asunder. 

EXERCISE  XVIII.  (T.  Moore). 

I  saw  from  the  beach,  when  the  morning  was  shining, 
A  bark  o'er  the  waters  move  gloriously  on ; 

I  came  when  the  sun  o'er  that  beach  was  declining, 
The  bark  was  still  there,  but  the  waters  were  gone. 

And  such  is  the  fate  of  our  life's  early  promise, 

So  passing  the  spring-tide  of  joy  we  have  known; 
Each  wave,  that  we  danced  on  at  morning,  ebbs 
from  us. 

And  leaves  us,  at  eve,  on  the  bleak  shore  alone. 

Stanza  11.  1,  2.  Just  so  (haud  aliter)  glides  away  the  earliest 
hope  of  our  youth  ;  the  short  spring  of  joy  departs,  like  the  tide 
of  the  sea. 


EXERCISE  XIX.  {Keble). 

See  the  soft  green  willow  springing 
Where  the  waters  gently  pass, 
Every  way  her  free  arms  flinging 
O’er  the  moist  and  reedy  grass. 


142 


SUPPLEMENTAR  V  EXERCISES. 


Long  ere  winter  blasts  are  fled. 

See  her  tipp’d  with  vernal  red, 

And  her  kindly  flower  display’d 
Ere  her  leaf  can  cast  a  shade. 

Though  the  rudest  hand  assail  her. 

Patiently  she  droops  awhile, 

But  when  showers  and  breezes  hail  her, 

Wears  again  her  willing  smile. 

Thus  I  learn  Contentment’s  power 
From  the  slighted  willow  bower. 

Ready  to  give  thanks  and  live 
On  the  least  that  Heaven  may  give. 

Stanza  ir.  1.  Let  ever  so  rude  (quantumvis  improbus)  a  hand 
assail  her  with  harsh  touch. — 5 — 8.  Thus  have  I  learned  the 
power  of  (quantum  valeat)  the  mind  unacquainted  with  com¬ 
plaint;  these  lessons,  I  ween,  the  despised  willow-beds  convey. 
Thus  have  I  learned  always  to  give  thanks,  how  little  soever 
(n.  pi.)  God  may  give  me,  while  I  live. 

EXERCISE  XX.  {Shakespeare). 

Fear  no  more  the  heat  o’  the  sun, 

Nor  the  furious  winter’s  rages ; 

Thou  thy  worldly  task  hast  done, 

Home  art  gone  and  ta’en  thy  wages  : 

Golden  lads  and  girls  all  must, 

As  chimney-sweepers,  come  to  dust. 

Fear  no  more  the  frown  o’  the  great ; 

Thou  art  past  the  tyrant’s  stroke ; 

Care  no  more  to  clothe  and  eat ; 

To  thee  the  reed  is  as  the  oak. 

The  sceptre,  learning,  physic  must 
All  follow  this,  and  come  to  dust. 


'SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


143 


Fear  no  more  the  lightning-flash, 

Nor  the  all-dreaded  thunder-stone  ; 

Fear  not  slander,  censure  rash ; 

Thou  hast  finish’d  joy  and  moan. 

Stanza  1.  2,  3.  Thy  task  ended  (abl.  abs.),  a  rest  is  found 
from  thy  labours ;  thy  wages  (merces  debita)  are  won,  thy  home 
is  won. — 3,  4.  Hither  the  sordid  artisan,  hither  will  come  the 
golden  boy,  the  golden  girl:  we  all  are  but  dust  and  shadow.1 

Stanza  n.  5.  Into  ashes  will  fall,  &c.  “  The  sceptre,”  fasces. 

— 6.  We  all  are  compelled  to  go  by  one  and  the  same  way.  Of. 
Virg.  iEn.  x.  487,  “  Una  eademque  via  sanguis  animusque 
sequuntur.” 

Stanza  in.  4.  ‘‘Thou  hast  finished”  .  .  .,  “thou  hast  an  end 
(adest  finis)  of,”  &c. 

EXERCISE  XXI.  {Keats). 

Where  be  you  going,  you  Devon  maid  ? 

And  what  have  ye  there  in  the  basket  ? 

Ye  tight  little  fairy,  just  fresh  from  the  dairy, 
Will  ye  give  me  some  cream,  if  I  ask  it  ? 

I  love  your  hills  and  I  love  your  dales, 

And  I  love  your  flocks  a-bleating ; 

But  oh,  on  the  heather  to  lie  together. 

With  both  our  hearts  a-beating  ! 

I’ll  put  your  basket  all  safe  in  a  nook  ; 

Your  shawl  I’ll  hang  on  a  willow ; 

And  we  will  sigh  in  the  daisy’s  eye, 

And  kiss  on  a  grass-green  pillow. 

Stanza  1.  1.  Maiden,  sprung  from  a  Devon  stock.  “  Devon,” 
Damiiomus. — 3.  “  Tight  little  fairy,”  rerum  teretissima. 

Stanza  in.  3.  The  conscious  daisy  shall  overhear  our  sighs. 
“  Overhear,”  excipio.  Aids  VI. 


1  Cf.  Hor.  C.  iv.  7. 16. 


144 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


EXERCISE  XXII. 

Along  those  banks  my  boyhood  stray'd. 

And  hands  were  link’d  in  mine  : 

Ah  !  many  were  the  pranks  we  play’d, 

While  youth  seem’d  still  divine  ! 

Then  would  we  wander  all  the  day, 

And  dream  the  livelong  night ; 

Our  very  dreams  so  full  of  play 
We  scarcely  miss’d  the  light. 

Stanza  i.  2.  Cf.  Ov.  Her.  xii.  91,  “  dextrce  dextera  iuncta 
meae.” 

Stanza  II.  4.  That  the  day  itself  was  scarce  regretted.  Cf. 
Terence,  Haut.  iv.  5.  5,  “  desiderio  fuit  ei  films.” 


EXERCISE  XXIII. 

What  autumn  nuttings  up  the  glen  ! 

What  wild-flower  hunts  in  May ! 

The  very  copse  we  rifled  thus 
Is  standing  corn  to-day. 

Ah  now  ’tis  twice  score  years  since  both 
Stood  on  that  bridge,  and  I 
Now  turn’d  from  one  to  other,  loth 
To  give  the  last  good-bye  ! 

Stanza  i.  1,  2.  In  spring,  ’twas  our  ambition  to  hunt 
flowers  amid  sequestered  nooks  (devia,  n.  pi.) ;  in  autumn  to 
scour  the  glades  and  hazel-copses.  Cf.  Hor.  S.  ii.  6.  1,  “  hoc 
erat  in  votis  ;  ”  and  Virg.  G.  iii.  40,  “  Dryadum  silvas  saltusque 
sequamur.” — 3,  4.  Cf.  Ov.  H.  i.  53,  54,  “  lam  seges  est,  ubi  Troia 
fuit,  resecandaque  falce  Luxuriat  Phrygio  sanguine  pinguis 
humus.”  “  Since,”  ut  =  ex  quo. 

Stanza  n.  1.  Think  in  how  many  ways  forty  years  may  be 
expressed;  e.g.  eight  lustres;  after  four  times  ten  years,  &c.,  &c. 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


J45 

MZU 


EXERCISE  XXIV.  (Advl.) ' 

If  you  want  a  really  fine 
unsophisticated  Family  Pill, 
try  Dr.  Bumbolt’s  Liver-encouraging*, 
Kidney-persuading,  Silent  Perambulator, 
twenty-seven  in  a  box  ! 

This  Pill  is  as  mild  as  a  pet-lamb, 

and  as  searching  as  a  small  tooth-comb : 

it  don’t  go  fooling  about, 

but  attends  strictly  to  business, 

and  is  as  certain  for  the  middle  of  the  night 

as  an  alarum-clock. 

If  perchance  you  should  want,  for  giving  to  (quae  detur)  your 
sick  family  (alumni),  a  pill  of  peerless  simplicity,  here  it  is. 
This  (pill)  encourages  the  liver,  it  adds  stimulus  to  the  kidneys; 
it  silently  walks  secret  ways.  Learn  the  (name  of  the)  inventor ; 
he  is  called 2  Dr.  Rumbolt.  A  box  (pyxis)  when  opened  will 
give  twenty-seven  (pills).  The  pill  is  like  a  lamb  :  what  is 
gentler  than  a  tender  lamb,  in  a  case  where  one  (siquis)  has 
been  the  pet  and  darling  of  its  mistress  P  Nevertheless,  this 
same  (pill)  working  its  way  (penetrabilis  3)  enters  the  inmost 
recesses,  like  an  ivory  comb  with  fine  tooth.  It  never  rashly 
tries  foolish  journeys,  but  zealously  does  its  own  business.  The 
alarum  (aes  index)  does  not  more  correctly  sound  the  appointed 
hour  than  this  (pill)  bids  one  rise  from  one’s  couch  at  midnight. 

EXERCISE  XXV.  (Mrs.  Alexander). 

By  Nebo's  lonely  mountain, 

On  this  side  Jordan's  wave, 

In  a  vale  in  the  land  of  Moab 
There  lies  a  lonely  grave. 

1  From  the  New  York  Times ,  May,  1869. 

2  Cf.  Hor.  Sat.  ii.  6.  20,  “seu  lane  libentius  audis.” 

5  Cf.  Virg.  G.  i.  99,  “  penetrabile  frigus.” 


L 


146 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


And  no  man  knows  that  sepulchre, 

And  no  man  saw  it  e'er, 

For  the  angels  of  God  upturn'd  the  sod, 

And  laid  the  dead  man  there. 

That  was  the  grandest  funeral 
That  ever  pass'd  on  earth  ; 

But  no  man  heard  the  trampling, 

Or  saw  the  train  go  forth — 

Noiselessly  as  the  daylight 
Comes  back  when  night  is  done. 

And  the  crimson  streak  on  ocean's  cheek 
Grows  into  the  great  sun. 

Stanza  I.  2.  On  this  side  the  waters  which  the  river  of 
Judsea  hurries  along.  The  antecedent  will  be  attracted  into  the 
case  of  the  relative.  App.  B,  (b).—5.  But  no  one  knows  in 
what  vale  the  sepulchre  lies  hid. — 7.  “  Angels.”  See  Part  III. 
Ex.  IX. 

Stanza  n.  1 — 4.  Nought  ever  passed  more  magnificent  than 
that  funeral,  of  all  the  obsequies  that  (quot  iusta,  n.  pi.)  have 
been  performed  for  famous  men.  But  no  one  heard  the  strokes 
of  feet,  no  one  beheld  the  course  of  the  train  going  forth. — 5,  6. 
As  the  first  light  of  day  is  present  silently  returning,  as  often 
as  night  takes  off  the  yoke  from  her  steeds  whose  work  is  done 
(emeritus). — 7,  8.  And  the  great  sun  rises  unmarked  (fallit 
surgens)  from  Ocean’s  surface,  where  lately  was  a  streak  of 
crimson  light.  “  Fallit  ”=  \av6dvei. 


EXERCISE  XXVI.  ( same  continued). 

Noiselessly  as  the  spring-time 
Her  crown  of  verdure  weaves, 

And  all  the  trees  on  all  the  hills 
Open  their  thousand  leaves  ; 

So  without  sound  of  music. 

Or  voice  of  them  that  wept, 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES . 


147 


Silently  down  from  the  mountain's  crown 
The  great  procession  swept. 

Perchance  the  bald  old  eagle, 

On  grey  Beth  Peor's  height, 

Out  of  his  lonely  eyrie 
Look'd  on  the  wondrous  sight ; 

Perchance  the  lion  stalking, 

Still  shuns  that  hallow’d  spot, 

For  beast  and  bird  have  seen  and  heard 
That  which  man  knoweth  not. 

Stanza  1.  As  Flora  weaves  silently  for  herself  her  vernal 
chaplet,  and  is  wont  to  crown  her  brow  with  various  leaves 
(Poet.  Orn.  a) ;  As  every  forest  that  (quaecunque  silva)  stands 
forth  on  a  hundred  hills  sprouts  luxuriant  with  countless  foliage. 
Note  “  centum  ”  used  indefinitely  for  any  large  number. 

Stanza  11.  1.  “The  bald  old  eagle/’  the  old  vulture  with 
unfeathered  crest  (abl.  of  description). — 7,  8.  Doubtless,  things 
which  it  is  denied  to  the  human  race  to  know,  such  things  the 
beasts  have  heard,  the  bird  hath  seen. 


EXERCISE  XXVII.  (Sir  IV.  Scott). 

The  fisherman  forsook  the  strand  ; 

The  swarthy  smith  took  dirk  and  brand  ; 

With  changed  cheer,  the  mower  blithe 
Left  in  the  half-cut  swathe  the  scythe  ; 

The  herds  without  a  keeper  stray’d ;  5 

The  plough  was  in  mid-furrow  stay'd  ; 

The  falconer  toss'd  his  hawk  away ; 

The  hunter  left  the  stag  at  bay  : 

Prompt  at  the  signal  of  alarms, 

Each  son  of  Alpine  rush'd  to  arms ; 

So  swept  the  tumult  and  affray 
Along  the  margin  of  Achray. 


10 


148 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


2.  “  Swarthy,”  sordidus  ora,  or  fuscus  ab  igne.  For  the  use 
of  the  prep.  cf.  Madvig,  Lat.  Gr.  §  254,  Ohs.  2,  and  see  Hallam’s 
Ovid,  Fasti ,  Appendix  a,  and  Shuckburgh’s  Heroides,  pp.  117, 
134. 

3,  4.  Transpose.  “  With  changed  cheer,”  &c.,  Sad  goes  the 
mower  who  was  just  now  joyous.  “  Cheer,’’ 1  i.e.  face,  aspect. 

7,  8.  Transpose.  “  The  falconer,”  &c.  The  master  takes  off 
the  jess  (compes)  and  lets  go  his  hawk.  Use  the  abl.  abs. 
demta  compede. 

11,  12.  On  every  side  with  headlong  tumult  along  the  fields 
of  Achray  (Acraius,  adj.)  the  martial  crowd  of  men  is  borne 
toward  the  banks. 

EXERCISE  XXVIII.  (G.  L.  Moore). 

“  Jesu  Maria  !  Keep,  0I1  keep 
The  fisher  toiling  on  the  deep  !  ” 

Jesu  Maria !  Thus  at  dawn 
Rings  out  the  fisher's  orison. 

Slow  kindles  all  the  sleeping  sea 
With  crimson  fire  and  flash  of  gold, 

Baring  his  ancient  majesty 
From  mists  dissolving  fold  on  fold ; 

Slow  lights  the  East  :  the  ripples  curl 
In  foam-wliite  circles  up  the  bay, 

Save  where  the  craggy  ramparts  whirl 
The  snowy  spume  in  flakes  of  spray. 

Night  dies  away,  and  once  again 
The  day  of  toil  returns  to  men. 

The  village  wakes  from  quiet  dreams, 

And  brown  boats  move,  and  canvas  gleams ; 

1  From  the  French  chere  (cf.  Gk.  *dpa,  head).  So  Milton, 
P.  L.  vi.— 

“  He  ended  ;  and  his  words  their  drooping  cheer 
Enlighten’d 

Spenser,  Faery  Queene,  Book  I.,  Canto  ii.  27. 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EXERCISES. 


149 


And  oars  beat  time,  while  with  the  dawn 
Rings  out  the  fisher's  orison  : — 

“  J esu  Maria  !  Keep,  oh  keep 
The  fisher  toiling  on  the  deep  !  ” 

EXERCISE  XXIX.  {Keats). 

Within  my  breast  there  lives  a  choking  flame  : 

O  let  me  cool  it  zephyr-boughs  among  ! 

A  homeward  fever  parches  up  my  tongue : 

0  let  me  slake  it  at  the  running  springs ! 

Upon  my  ear  a  noisy  nothing  rings —  5 

0  let  me  once  more  hear  the  linnet's  note ! 

Before  mine  eyes  thick  films  and  shadows  float — 

0  let  me  'oint  them  with  the  heaven's  light ! 

Dost  thou  now  lave  thy  feet  and  ankles  white  ? 

O  think  how  sweet  to  me  the  freshening  sluice !  10 

Dost  thou  now  please  thy  thirst  with  berry -juice  ? 

O  think  how  this  dry  palate  would  rejoice  ! 

Line  5.  “  A  noisy  nothing,’’  circumsona  vocis  imago.— 6.  Aids 
vi.  a. 

EXERCISE  XXX.  {Longfellow). 

THE  LIGHTHOUSE. 

The  startled  waves  leap  over  it ;  the  storm 
Smites  it  with  all  the  scourges  of  the  rain. 

And  steadily  against  its  solid  form 

Press  the  great  shoulders  of  the  hurricane. 

The  sea-bird  wheeling  round  it,  with  the  din 
Of  wings  and  winds  and  solitary  cries. 

Blinded  and  madden’d  by  the  light  within. 

Dashes  himself  against  the  glare,  and  dies. 

A  new  Prometheus,  chain'd  upon  the  rock, 

Still  grasping  in  his  hand  the  fire  of  Jove, 


1 50  SUPPLEMENTAR  V  EXERCISES. 

It  does  not  hear  the  cry,  nor  heed  the  shock, 

But  hails  the  mariner  with  words  of  love. 

"  Sail  on  !  ”  it  says,  “  sail  on,  ye  stately  ships, 
And  with  yonr  floating  bridge  the  ocean  span : 
Be  mine  to  guard  this  light  from  all  eclipse ; 

Be  yours  to  bring  man  nearer  nnto  man  !  ” 

EXERCISE  XXXI.  (Keble). 

Thou  mourn’st  to  miss  the  fingers  soft, 

That  held  by  thine  so  fast ; 

The  fond  appealing  eye,  full  oft 
Toward  thee  for  refuge  cast. 

Sweet  toils,  sweet  cares,  for  ever  gone  ! 

No  more,  from  stranger’s  face 
Or  startling  sound,  the  timid  one 
Shall  hide  in  thy  embrace. 

Thy  first  glad  earthly  task  is  o’er, 

And  dreary  seems  thy  way  : 

But  what  if,  nearer  than  before 
She  watch  thee,  even  to-day  ? 

What  if,  henceforth,  by  Heaven’s  decree, 
She  leave  thee  not  alone, 

But,  in  her  turn,  prove  guide  to  thee 
In  ways  to  angels  known  ? 

O  yield  thee  to  her  whisperings  sweet ! 

Away  with  thoughts  of  gloom  ! 

In  love  the  loving  spirits  greet, 

Who  wait  to  bless  her  tomb. 


APPENDIX. 


TABLE  I. 


NAMES  OF  WOMEN. 


w  — 

W  KJ 

Chloe 

Cinara 

Lyce 

Glycera 

Rhode 

Helena 

—  W 

W  w  — 

Anna 

Canace 

Galla 

Cyane 

Maia 

Helene 

Myrrha 

Lalage 

Pyrrha 

Pholoe 

•  •  •  » 

(Baucis) 

Chloris 

—  w 

Doris 

iElia 

Phyllis 

Cynthia 

Delia 

—  — 

Flavia 

Acme 

i  Julia 

iEgle 

1  Laelia 

Lyde 

Lesbia 

Ph/nbe 

Lydia 

152 


APPENDIX 


(Mevia) 
Portia 
Silvia 
•  •  •  • 
Tyndaris 

Myrtalis 

Thestylis 

w  —  w 

Acantha 
Corinna 
Elissa 
(Maria) 
Melissa 
.Nesera 
•  •  •  % 
Cypassis 
Ianthis 

—  W  — 

Hedyle 

Myrtale 

Phidyle 

—  —  w 

Faustina 

Priscilla 


—  w  w  w 

iEmilia 

Csecilia 

(Canidia) 

Sulpicia 

—  —  w  w 

Aurelia 

Cornelia 

Lavinia 

w  w  —  w 

Catharina 
Galatea 
•  •  •  • 
Amaryllis 

w  w  —  — 
Neobule 

—  w  w  — 

Asterie 

llermione 

Leuconoe 

—  w  w  — 

Deidamia 

Laodamia 


APPENDIX 


153 


TABLE  II. 


NAMES  OF  BIRDS. 


B. 

becajico ,  flcedula,  -ae,/ 
bee-eater ,  merops,  -opis,  m. 
blackbird ,  merula,  -a e,f 

C. 

capon,  altilis,  c. 
chaffinch,  fringilla,  -a e,/. 
chicken,  altilis,  pullus. 
coc&,  gallus,  -i,  m. 

Syn.  Cristatus  ales ;  la- 
minis  auctor  avis. 
coot,  fulica,  -a e,/ 
cormorant ,  mergus,  -i,  m. 
crane,  grus,  gruis,/ 
crow,  cornix,  -icis,/ 
cuckoo,  cucullus,  -i,  m. 

D. 

dove,  see  pigeon, 
duck,  anas,  -atis,/ 
ducklings ,  gens  anatlna. 

E. 

eagle ,  aquila,  -a e,/ 

F. 

iieldfare ,  turdus,  -i,  m. 
flamingo ,  phoenlcopterus,  -i, 
m. 


G. 


goldfinch,  acanthis,  -idis,/; 

acalanthis,  -idis,/. 
goose ,  anser,  -eris,  m. 
grouse,  lagois,  -idis,  f. ; 

attagen,  -enis,  m. 
guinea  fowl,  meleagrides, 
fi  pi.  ;  Afra  avis  (?). 
gull,  mergus,  i,  m. ;  alcyon, 
•onis,  /. 

H. 

hawk,  accipiter,  -itris,  m. 
heatli-cock ,  see  grouse . 
hen,  gallina,  -ae,  /. 
heron,  ardea,  -ae,  /. 


I,  J. 


ibis,  Ibis, 
jackdaw  j 


-idis,  /. 

cornlciila,  -ae,  /. 
monediila,  -ae,  /. 


K. 

kestrel,  falco,  -onis,  m. 
kite ,  milvius,  -i;  mlluus,  -i; 
or  milvus,  -i,  m. 


L. 

lapicing,  pavra,  -ae,/(?) 
lark  ^  alauda, 

laverock  (Scotch)  )  -ae,/ 


154 


APPENDIX 


f  galbu- 

linnet  j  la,-se./! 

lintwhite  (Scotch)  ]  acan- 

Uhis(P) 

M. 

mavis  (Scotch),  turdus,  -i, 
m. 

moor-hen ,  fulica,  -s e,/! 

N. 

nightingale ,  luscinia  (?)  ; 
Philomela,  gen.  term ; 
Daulia  avis. 

O. 

ousel ,  merula,  -se,/! 
owl,  bubo,  -onis,  m. ;  strix, 
strigis,/! ;  noctua,  -se,/! 

P. 

parrot,  psittacus,  -i,  m. 
partridge  )  perdix, 

pairtrick  (Scotch)  )  -Icis,  f 
peacock ,  pavo,  -onis,  m. 
pigeon,  columba,  -se,/! ;  pa- 
lumbes,  -is,/! 

^/ims«w^,Phasidis  ales;  Scy- 
thica,  Colcha,  volucris. 
phoenix,  phoenix,  -icis,  c. 
plover ,  see  lapwing. 

Q. 

quail,  coturnix,  -icis,/! 


R; 

raven ,  corvus,  -i,  m. 
redbreast,  rubecula,  -se,/. 
Phr.  “  Quse  capit  a  rubro 
.  pectore  nomen  avis.” 
ring-dove ,  see  pigeon, 
rook,  cornix,  -icis,/! 

S. 

sea— coot  )  nuiu 

>  mergus,  iulica. 
sea-jowl ) 

sparrow,  passer,  -eris,  m. 
stock- dove ,  see  wood-pigeon, 
stork,  ciconia,  -se,/! 
swallow,  hirundo,  -inis,  f. ; 
Procne,  -es ,/! 

swan,  cygnus,  -i,  m. ;  olor: 
-oris,  m. 

T. 

thrush,  turdus,  -i,  m. 
turkey,  melica,  -se,/! ;  Afra 
avis  (?). 

turtle-dove,  turtur,  -uris,  m. 

V. 

vulture,  vultur,  -iiris,  m. 

W. 

witwall,  galbula,  -se,/! 
wood-pigeon,  palumbes,  co¬ 
lumba. 

wren .  galbula,  or  acanthis,/! 
Y. 

yellow-thrush  |  g5lbfils> 
yellow-hammer  r  n 
yeldrin  (Scotch)  J 


APPENDIX 


155 


TABLE  III. 

NAMES  OF  FLOWERS,  PLANTS,  TREES,  AND  SHRUBS. 


acacia ,  acanthus,  -i,  m. 
alder ,  alnus,  -i, /. 
amaranth ,  amarantus,  -i,  /. 
anise ,  anethum,  -i,  w. 
apple-tree,  malus,  -i,  /. 

(malum,  -i,  n.,  the  fruit), 
arbute ,  arbutus,  -i,  /.  (ar- 
biitum,  -i,  n .,  the  fruit), 
ash ,  fraxinus,  -i,  /. 
aspen,  populus  (tremula). 

balm ,  balsamum,  -i,  w. 
balm-gentle ,  balm ,  melis- 
phyllum,  -i,  w.1 
balsam,  amomum,  -i,  w. 
barley,  hordeum,  -i,  w.1 
bay,  laurus,  -i  and  -us,  /. ; 
laurea,  -ae,  /. 

bear’s-foot,  acanthus,  -i,  m. 
beech,  fagus,  -i (aesciilus, 

-h  /)• 

bilberry,  see  whortleberry, 
bind-ioeed,  (?)*  ligustrum, 
-i,  rc. 

birch  )  betiila,-ae,/, 

birk  (  Scotch)  )  betulla,-ae,/. 
blackberries,  mora  sangui- 
nea,  w.  pi. 

blackberry,  see  bramble, 
bluebell,  (?)  liyacinthus. 


box,  buxus,  -i, /. 
bramble,  rubus,  -i,  m. 
briar,  rubus,  -i,  m. 
broom,  genista,  -ae,  f. 
bryony,  viburnum,  -i,  n. 
bulrush,  j uncus,  -i,  m. 
burdock,  bur,  lappa,  -ae,  /. 
butcher' s-broom,  ruscum,  -i, 
n.  (-us,  -i,  /.). 
buttercup,  ranunculus,  -i,  m. 

cedar,  cedrus,  -i,  /. 
celandine,  ranunculus,  -i,  m. 
cherry ,  cerasus,  -i,  /. 
chestnut,  castanea,  -ae,  f. 
Christ's  thorn ,  palmrus,  -i, 
m. 

chrysanthemum,  caltha,  -ae, 
/.  (chrysanthus). 
cinnamon ,  cinuamum,  -i,  n.\ 
casia,  -ae,  f.  (Virg.  Gr.  ii. 
466). 

citron,  see  lemon, 
clematis,  clematis,  -idis, /. 
clover,  cytisus,  -i,  c. 
cornel,  cornus,  -i, /. 
cotton,  lana  mollis  JEthio- 
pum  (Virg.  Gr.  ii.  120). 
cowslip,  viola,  -ae ;  caltha, 

-*,/• 


1  Often  in  plural. 


1 56 


APPENDIX 


coxcomb ,  amarantus,  -i,  m. 
cress ,  (?)  ocima,  n.  pi. 
crocus ,  see  saffron. 

s  ranunculus, 
crow-floioer ,  \  -i,  m.  (herba 
crow-foot ,  1  Sardoa,  or 

C  Sardoma). 

cypress ,  cupressus,  -i  and 
-us,  /. ;  cyparissus,  -i,  /. 

daffodil ,  narcissus,  -i,  ; 

asphodelus,  -i,  m. 
daisy ,  bellis,  -idis, /. 
darnel ,  lolium,  -i,  n. 
dill ,  anethum,  -i,  rc. 
dittany ,  dictamnus,  -i,  /. 
dock ,  rumex,  -icis,  m.  (See 
weeds?} 

eglantine,  (?)  acanthus,  -i,  m. 
[See  Part  I.  Ex.  CXXX. 

e.] 

elder ,  ebulum,  -i,  n.  (-us, 
-i,  m.). 

elm ,  ulmus,  -i,  /. 
endive ,  intibus  (intubus, 
intybus),  -i,  m.  or  /. 
(-um,  -i,  ra.).1 
evergreen ,  see  bay. 

fennel  (giant),  ferula,  -ae,/. 
/em,  filix  (felix),  -icis,  /. 
fir ,  abies,  -etis,/.(abiegnus, 
adj.). 


Note  that  abietis,  and 
other  oblique  cases,  are 
scanned  abjetis,  ab- 
jete,  &c.,  &c. 
flag ,  see  rws7*. 
flax ,  linum,  -i,  n. 
fleur-de-lis ,  see  hyacinth, 
foxglove ,  baccar,  -aris,  ra. 
furze ,  ruscum,  -i,  w.  (-us, 

-i,  /•)• 

garlic ,  allium,  -li,  w.1 
gentian ,  centaureum,  -i,  w.1 
gowan ,  see  daisy, 
guelder-rose ,  viburnum,  -i, 
n. 

harebell ,  see  bluebell, 
hawthorn ,  splnus,  -i,  /. 
hazel ,  corylus,  -i,  /. ;  adj. 

colurnus,  -a,  -um. 
heath,  erica,  -se,  /. 
hemlock,  cicuta,  -90,/. 
holm-oak,  ilex,  -icis,  /. 
honeysuckle ,  periclymenus, 
-i,  m. 

honey-wort,  cerintha,  -se 
(-e,  es),  /. 

hyacinth,  hyacinthus,  -i,  m. ; 
(  ?)  vaccimum,  -i,  w. 

ms,  ins,  -Tdis,  /. 

jasmine,  jasminum,  -i,  w. 
jonquil,  narcissus,  -i,  m. 
juniper-tree,  juniperus,  -i,/. 


1  Often  in  plural. 


APPENDIX 


157 


larch,  larix,  -icis, /. 
larkspur ,  hyacinthus,  -i,  m. 
laurel ,  see  bay. 
lavender, (?)  saliunca,  -ae,/.; 

(?)  casia,  -ae, /. 
lemon,  malum  felix  (Medi- 
cum),  n. 

lettuce,  lactuca,  -ae,  /. 
lily,  lilium,  -i,  n.1 2 
lime,  or  linden,  tilia,  -ae,  /. 
ling ,  see  heath, 
lotos,  lotos,  -i,  / 
Love-in-idleness,  see  pansy. 
Love-lies-bleeding,  amarau- 
tus,  -i,  m. 

lucerne,  Medica,  -ae,  /.  (sc. 
herba). 

lupine,  lupinus,  -i,  m. 

mallow,  malva,  -ae,  /. ;  hi- 
biscum,  -i,  n. 

mandrake,  mandragoras,  -ae, 
m. 

maple,  acer,  -eris,  n. 
marigold,  caltha,  -ae, 
marjoram,  amaraciis,  -i,  c. 
martagon  lily ,  byacintbus, 
-i,  m. 

Mary -bud,  see  marigold. 
May-flower,  caltha  (palus- 
tris). 

melilotos,  melilotos,  -i.  /. ; 
acc.  -on. 


millet ,  milium,  -11,  n. 
mint ,  mentlia,  -ae,  /. 
mint  (ivild),  sisymbria ,n.pl. 
misletoe,  viscum,  -i,  n. 
moly ,  moly,  -yos,  n. 
monk's-hood ,  aconitum 

(-on),  -i,  nr 
moss,  muscus,  -i,  m. 
motherwort,  parthenice,  -es, 

/• 

mountain-asli ,  ornus,  -i, /. 
mulberry-tree,  mdrus,  -i,  f. ; 

morum,  -i,  n.,  the  fruit, 
myrrh,  my  rrha  (murra)  ,-ae,/. 
myrtle,  myrtus,  -i, /. 

narcissus ,  narcissus,  -i,  m. 
nettle,  urtlca,  -a e, /. 

oak,  quercus,  -us,  /.  (ilex  ; 
aesciilus). 

olive,  oliva,  -ae,  f. ;  olea,  -ae. 
orange,  malum  aureum, 
n.  Cf.  Yirg.  E.  vi.  61. 
orchis,  orchis,  -idis,  f. 
osier,  siler,  -eris,  n. 
ox-eye  daisy,  caltha,  -ae,  /. 
ox-lip,  caltha,  -ae,/. 

paigle,  see  cowslip . 
palm,  palma,  -ae,/. 
pansy ,  viola  lutea. 
parsley,  apium,  -i,  n. 
pear,  pirus,  -i,  /. 


1  lilies  of  the  valley ,  amantia  lilia  vallem. 

2  Often  in  plural. 


i58 


APPENDIX 


pimpernel ,  anagallis,  idis,  /. 

\  abies, 

pine ,  pinus,  -us,  /.  >  picea, 

)  tseda. 

plane-tree ,  platanus,  -i,  /. 
plum-tree ,  prunus,  -i,  / 
(pruuum,  -i,  n.,  the  fruit), 
poplar,  populus,  -i, /. 
poppy ,  papaver,  -eris,  n. 
primrose,  (?)  primula  veris  • 
(viola.) 

privet ,  ligustrum,  -i,  n  1 

quince ,  cydonia  arbor,  /. 
quince  (the  fruit),  malum 
canum  or  Cydonium ; 
cydonium,  -ii,  n. 

reed ,  arundo,  -inis,/.;  cala¬ 
mus,  -i,  m. ;  canna,  -ae,  f 
reed-grass,  carex,  -icis,/. 
rice,  oryza,  -so,  / 
rose,  rosa,  -se,  f. 
rosemary ,  ros  marinus,  m. 
rwe,  ruta,  -se,  /. 
rush,  j  uncus,  -i,  m. 

saffron ,  crocus,  -i,  m. 
savory ,  thymbra,  -se,  /. 
seaweed,  alga,  -se,  / 
sedge,  carex,  -icis,  /  (ulva, 
-se,  /.). 

shamrock,  (?)  cytisus,  -i,  c. 
s/oe,  spinus,  -i,  /. 
snowdrop,  (?)  viola,  -se,  /  ; 


“  flos  qui  posita  de  nive 
nomen  habet.” 
sorrel ,  rumex,  -icis,  m.  ; 
lapathus,  -i,  f.  (-um,  -i, 
n.). 

starwort,  amellus,  -i,  m, 
strawberries,  fraga,  -orum, 
n.  pi. 

succory,  see  endive, 
sweet-briar,  vepres  (vepris) 
odorus.  Also  fern.  See 
wild  rose,  eglantine, 
sycamore ,  platanus,  -i,  f. 

tamarisk,  myrica,  -se,  f. 
tares,  ervum,  -i,  n. ;  lolium, 
-ii,  n. 

terebinth,  or  turpentine-tree, 
terebinth  us,  -i, /. 
thistle,  carduus,  -i,  m. 
thorn,  acanthus,  -i,  m. 
thyme,  thymum,  -i,  m.x 
thyme  (wild),  serpyllum,  -i, 
n } 

trefoil,  cytisus,  -i,  c. 

valerian,  saliunca,  -se,  / 
vetch,  vicia,  -se,  /. ;  ervum, 
-i,  n. 

vine,  vltis,  -is,  f. 

\  vine  (wild),  htbrusca,  -se,  f. 
violet,  viola,  -se,  /. 

wall-flower,  (?)  viola  ;  cal- 
tha. 


1  Often  in  plural. 


APPENDIX 


159 


.J—— — — — wmvi 

walnut,  nux,  niicis,/. 
ivaterlily ,  lotos,  -i,/. ;  nym- 
phiea,  -88;  colocasia,  -ae, 
/.  (-ia,  orum,  w.  y>Z.). 
wayfaring-tree ,  viburnum, 
-i,  n. 

weld,  see  wold, 
whortleberries,  vaccinia, 
orum,  n.  pi. 

wild  olive ,  oleaster,  -tri,  m. 
wild  rose.  See  Part  I.  Ex. 
CXXX.  6. 

willow ,  salix,  -icis,  /. ;  siler, 
-&ris,  n. 

wold,  lutum,  -i,  n. 
wolf's-bane,  aconitum  (-on), 


woodbine,  see  honeysuckle, 
wormwood,  absinthium,  -i, 
n.1  ;  (abrotonus.) 

For  weeds  or  wild  flowers, 
see  Ov.  Trist.  iii.  12.  6, 
“  ruraque  quae  nullo 
nata  serente  ferunt;”also, 
Virg.  G.  i.  55,  “  injussa 
virescunt  Gramina ;  ” 
cf.  Eel.  iv.  18-20.  In 
this  way  you  may  de¬ 
scribe  almost  any  wild 
flower ;  e.  g.  wild  rose, 
“  rosa,  quae  nullo  nata 
colente  rubet.” 

yew,  taxus,  -i,  f. 


1  Often  in  plural. 


i6o 


APPENDIX 


TABLE  IV. 

TECHNICAL  TERMS  USED  IN  VERSIFICATION. 

A.  Prosody. 

1.  Apocope  (a7ro-K07rT<o).  Cutting  off  a  letter  or  syl¬ 

lable  at  the  end  of  a  word,  as  “  audin’,”  “  vin’,” 
for  “  audisne,”  “  visne.”  See  Part  I.  Exercise 
CXIY.  2. 

2.  Gcesura  (csedo).  Cutting  or  dividing  the  line  into 

two  parts  ;  that  is  to  say,  the  end  of  a  word 
should  come  in  the  middle  of  a  foot — generally 
the  third :  e.  g.  “  Quid  faci|at  lse|tas  "  sege|tes, 
quo  |  sidere  |  terram.” 

<3.  Diceresis  (Bia-alpew) .  Division  of  one  syllable  into 
two :  e.  g.  “  siliise,”  “  dissoliiisse,”  for  “  silvse,” 
‘£  dissolvisse.”  (Aids  viii.  a.) 

4.  Dialysis  (Sid-Avoo).  The  pause  occasioned  by  the 

close  of  a  word  and  a  foot  at  the  same  time. 
See  Gcesura. 

5.  Diastole  (Sid-oroA?),  orcAAc)).  Drawing  out  or 

lengthening  a  syllable  naturally  short :  e.  g. 
Priamides. 

G.  Diplasiasmns  (S17 rAao-id^w).  Doubling  a  letter: 

e.  g.  “  relliquise,”  “  rettulit.” 

7.  Dcthlipsis  (€k-6Xl/3oj>) .  Pressing  out  or  elision  of 

m  before  a  vowel. 

8.  Elision  (elido).  See  13.  Synalcepha. 

9.  Epenthesis  (hn-lv-TLO'qfxi) .  Insertion  of  a  letter 

into  the  middle  of  a  word :  e.  g.  “  induperator,” 
“  cselituum.”  This  is  an  archaism 

10.  Metathesis  (/xeTa-rcOrjix i).  Transposition  of  letters. 

11.  Earagoge  (Trapa-ayu) .  Extension  of  a  word  by  the 

addition  of  a  letter  or  syllable  :  e.  g.  “  amarier,” 
“  spargier,”  for  “  amari,”  “  spargi.”  See  Part  I. 
Exercise  CXIY.  note. 


APPENDIX 


161 


12.  Synceresis  (yrvv-cupeio) .  Contraction  of  two  syl¬ 

lables  into  one :  e.  g.  “  deest,”  “  alveo,”  &c. 
This  process  is  sometimes  called  Synecphonesis 
or  Synizesis. 

13.  Synalcepha 1  (crw-aXet'^xo) .  The  elision  of  the  vowel 

at  the  end  of  a  word  before  a  vowel  at  the 
beginning  of  the  next :  e.  g.  “Phyllida  amo  ante 
alias.” 

14.  Syncope  ( o-vv-kotttu j).  Cutting  out  a  letter  in  the 

middle  of  a  word  and  drawing  the  pieces 
together :  e.g.  “  vinclum,”  “poclum,”  &c.  (Aids 
viii.  a.) 

15.  Systole  (cvv-ctt cXXto) .  The  shortening  of  a  syllable 

naturally  long,  as  “  steterunt,”  “  constiterunt,” 
“  dederunt,”  &c.  (Aids  viii.  b.) 

16.  Tmesis  (ripvw).  Cutting  one  word  into  twos  e.  g. 

“  quae  loca  cunque,”  for  “  quaecunque  loca  j” 
<£  septemque  triones,”  for  “  septentriones.”  Part 

I.  Exercise  XXI.  line  5,  note. 

B.  Syntax. 

1.  Anadiplosis ;  by  which  the  same  word  is  made  to 

begin  a  sentence  which  concluded  the  preceding 
one.  See  Poet.  Orn.  1.  Cf.  Yirg.  Eel.  vi. 
20 ;  viii.  55.  Horace,  C.  iii.  3.  60. 

2.  Anaphora  ;  by  which  the  same  word  is  repeated  at 

the  beginning  of  successive  sentences.  Poet. 
Orn.  £.  2.  Part  I.  Exercise  CXXIII.  5,  6. 
Cf.  Yirg.  Eel.  i.  39.  Horace,  C.  i.  15.  9.  Ovid, 
Ep.  ex  Ponto.  ii.  6.  19. 

3.  Antithesis;  by  which  opposite  conceptions  are 

contrasted :  e.  g.  Ov.  Heroid.  xv.  20.  “  Improbe, 

1  Observe  that  the  vowel  is  sometimes,,  though  rarely,  not  elided  : 
e.g.  “Ter  sunt  conati  imponere  Pelio  Ossan.”  This  is  called 
Hiatus.  Cf.  Virg.  iEn.  iii.  211. 

M 


1 62 


APPENDIX 


multarum  quod  fuit,  units  habes.”  Cf.  Hor.  C. 
ii.  15.  13.  It  belongs  chiefly  to  epigrams,  or 
playful  poetry. 

4.  Apostrophe;  by  which  persons,  or  inanimate  ob¬ 

jects,  are  addressed  in  order  to  add  force  or 
pathos.  See  Aids  yi.  Part  I.  Exercises  Y.  LI. 
LII.  CVII.  Ac.  Cf.  Yirg.  jEn.  ii.  59.  Ov. 
Met.  x.  41 ;  Fasti  iv.  439. 

5.  Aposiopesis  ;  by  which  the  latter  part  of  a  sentence 

is  passionately  and  abruptly  broken  off.  Yirg. 
M n.  i.  135,  “  Quos  ego — sed  motos  prsestat,” 
&c.  <fcc.  Ov.  Her.  xii.  207,  “  Quos  equidem 
actutum! — sed  quid,”  &c. 

6.  Apposition;  by  which  a  subordinate  definition  is 

added  to  a  substantive,  not  necessarily  forming 
one  idea  with  it,  but  serving  to  define  or 
characterize  it  more  closely:  e.  g.  “  Tarquinius, 
rexRomanorum.”  “  Effodiuntur  opes,  irritamenta 
malorum,”  Ov.  M.  i.  140.  Cf.  Part  I.  Exercises 
Y.  1 ;  LYI.  1.  4  ;  XCI.  4. 

7.  Asyndeton;  by  which  conjunctions  are  omitted; 

Yirg.  iEn.  i.  602,  “  Urbe,  domo  socias.”  Ov. 
Fast.  i.  126,  “  It,  redit  officio  Jupiter  ipse  suo.” 

Cf.  Part  I.  Exercise  IY.  16 ;  XXXIX.  6 ; 
LXXVIII.  4.  Part  II.  LVI.  6. 

8.  Attraction;  by  which  (a)  the  Relative  is  drawn 

into  the  case  of  the  Antecedent :  e.  g.  Hor.  Sat. 
i.  6.  15,  “  Judice  quo  nosti,  poputo.”  This  how¬ 
ever  is  rare.  Cf.  Terence.  Heaut.  i.  1.  35. 
“Hac  quidem  causa  qua  dixi  tibi.” — Cicero,  Ep. 
ad  Div.  v.  14.— Or  ( b )  the  Antecedent  is  drawn 
into  the  Relative  clause.  E.  g.  Hor.  Epod.  ii. 
37.  “  Quis  non  malarum  quas  amor  curas  habet 
Hsec  inter  obliviscitur?”  Cf.  Sat.  ii.  2.  59. 
Yirg.  iEn.  i.  573. — Ov.  Met.  xiv.  350. — Terence 


APPENDIX 


16.3 


Eun.  iv.  3.  11:  Andr.  Prol.  3  and  26. — Ca3sar. 
B.  G.  iv.  21.  Ov.  Her.  iv.  174.  “  Sic  tibi  dent 
Nymphse  .  .  .  quse  levet  unda  sitim.”  See  Part 
I.  Exercise  LIY.  6.  8. 

9.  Ellipsis;  by  which  a  word  easily  supplied  is 
omitted.  Ellipses  of  verbs2,  prepositions,  and 
conjunctions  are  most  common.  See  Part  I. 
Exercises  CXYI.  11.  1 ;  CXI,  1.  1. 

10.  Epanalepsis ;  by  which  the  word  in  the  beginning 

of  •  the  first  clause  in  a  sentence  closes  the 
second  clause:  e.  g.  Virg.  iEn.  i.  754,  “  Multa 
super  Priamo  rogitans,  super  Hectore  multaP 
Cf.  Propert.  ii.  1.  12.  (See  Poet.  Orn.  £.) 

11.  Epizeuxis  ;  by  which  the  same  word  is  repeated 

with  emphasis :  e.  g.  Hor.  Epist.  i.  1.  53,  “  0 
cives,  cives,  quserenda  pecunia  primum.”  Cf. 
Yirg.  iii.  264.  (Poet.  Orn.  £) 

12.  He ndiadys ;  by  which  two  nouns  are  used  to 

convey  one  notion :  e.  g  Virg.  G.  ii.  192,  “  Pa- 
teris  libamus  et  auro,”  i.  e.  “  aureis  pateris.” 
Cf.  Eel.  ii.  8 ;  and  see  Part  I.  Exercise 
XXXIII.  5,  note  ;  LXVI.  6. 

13.  Hypallage ;  by  which  the  proper  and  natural 

relations  of  words  to  one  another  seem  to  be 
mutually  altered — frequently  the  attraction  of 
an  adjective  to  a  substantive  with  which  it  does 
not  properly  agree  (as  in  Part  I.  Exercise  XVII. 
6.  Part  II.  Exercise  X.  2)  ;  or  sometimes  a 
change  of  case,  as  Virg.  iEn.  iii.  61  \  i.  199. 

14.  Litotes;  by  which  a  strong  notion  is  conveyed 

under  a  weak  form  of  speech :  e.  g.  Virg.  G.  iii. 
5,  “  Illaudati  Busiridis  aras.”  See  Aids  11. 

N.B. — Ironia  and  Meiosis  may  be  referred  to 
this  figure. 


2  Particularly  the  verb  “sum.” 


APPENDIX 


164 


15.  Oxymoron  ;  by  which  opposite  words  are  placed  in 

juxta-position :  e.  g.  Catull.  lxiv.  83,  “  Funera  ne- 
funera.”  Lucr.  i.  99,  “  Casta  inceste.”  Hor.  C.  i. 
34.  2.  Cf.  Part  II.  Exercise  XXXV.  11.  1. 

16.  Parenthesis ;  by  which  a  clause  is  inserted.  This 

figure  may  often  be  used  with  very  good  effect : 
“  Occupat  hunc — vires  insania  fecerat — Ino,” 
Ov.  M.  iv.  527.  “  Cantabam,  memini  (me- 

minerunt  omnia  amantes),”  Ov.  Heroid.  xv.  43 
Cf.  Part  II.  Exercises  III.  3 ;  LV0  11.  3. 


17.  Paronomasia;  by  which  words  of  similar  sound 
are  placed  in  juxta-position.  It  is  not  out  of 
place  in  Epigrams  and  playful  compositions. 


18.  Periphrasis ;  by  which  an  idea  is  circuitously  ex¬ 
pressed.  Periphrasis,  or  circumlocution,  may 
be  of  two  kinds ;  of  the  word,  or  of  the  thing. 
Instances  of  the  former  are  such  expressions  as 
“  error  Hereulis,”  “  Catonis  virtus,”  “  nitor 
Hebri,”  “  decus  innuptarum,”  “  rigor  ferri,” 
“  non  unquam,”  “  ruborem  dare.”  Cf.  Poet. 
Orn.  c.  Aids  1.  Instances  of  the  latter  are 
such  expressions  as  “  Jocosa  montis  imago  ”  = 
Echo,  Hor.  C.  i.  12.  4.  Cf.  Part  I.  Exercises 
XXXIII.  4,  and  LXXIII.  10. 


19.  Pleonasm ;  by  which  apparently  superfluous  words 

are  used :  e.  g.  “  ore  loqui,”  “  animo  reminisci,” 
&c.  Cf.  Aids  hi.  Part  I.  Exercise  XCII.  2  ; 
LXX.  12. 

20.  Polyptoton ;  by  which  the  same  word  is  repeated 

in  a  different  case  or  tense:  e.  g.  “Una  salus 
victis  nullam  sperare  salutem,”  Virg.  iEn.  ii.  354. 
“  Spectantem  specta — ridenti  mollia  ride3”  Ov. 
LI.  A.  279. 


APPENDIX 


165 


21.  Polysyndeton ;  by  which  conjunctions  are  re¬ 

peated:  e.  g.  “Una  Eurus^e  Notus^e  ruunt, 
creber^we  procellis  Africus,”  Yirg.  ACn.  i.  89. 
Cf.  Aids  hi. 

22.  Prolepsis ;  see  Part  I.  Exercises  LXIIL  note ; 

CXI.  note ;  CXXY.  2. 

23.  Synecdoche ;  by  which  the  whole  is  put  for  a  part, 

a  part  for  the  whole  ;  the  genus  for  the  species, 
and  vice  versa.  See  Part  I.  Exercises  Y.  note ; 
LYI.  note ;  CXXIXI.  note  ;  CXXXYIT.  7. 

24.  Zeugma ;  by  which  two  nouns  are  joined  to  a  verb 

which  only  suits  one  of  them,  but  suggests  the 
other  verb.  Occasionally  the  same  verb  is  ap¬ 
plied  to  different  nouns  in  a  different  sense. 


THE  END. 


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